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From v Photograph by Russell & Sons, Baler Street, W.

THE

PHILATELIC RECORD.

VOL. XIII.

JANUARY TO DECEMBER, 1891.

LONDON:
THEODOE BUHL AND CO.:

11, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, E.C.

9tr<w

Vol. XIII. JANUARY, 1891. No. 145.

0 more auspicious commencement of the New Year
could be wished by collectors, than the gratifying
intelligence conveyed in the minutes of the meeting of
the London Philatelic Society of December the nine-
teenth. From a perusal of these it will be seen that
the Honorary Secretary reported the receipt of a letter
from H.E.H. the Duke of Edinburgh announcing his
acceptance of the office of Honorary President of the Society.
The honour thus conferred on the Philatelic Society is indeed
H.R.H. the signal, and one, we believe, without precedent in any
Duk© of portion of the world. The cordial and grateful thanks,
m urg ' not only of the members of the body thus favoured,
but of Philatelists in all portions of Her Majesty's vast dominions,
are due to His Royal Highness for the honour he has conferred
upon the Philatelic fraternity. It is common knowledge that the
Royal Princes are always prone to associate themselves with the
aspirations and undertakings of the Queen's lieges : there is no
limit to the calls on their time, ability, or purse, and His Royal
Highness might, therefore, with every show of reason, have declined
the proffered office. That he has not so chosen is a token of that
bonhomie that is so prevailing a characteristic of the Princes of
the House of Guelph.

It is well known that His Royal Highness takes a keen interest
in Philately. The Exhibition of May last no doubt proclaimed
to the outside world the knowledge of his proclivities, but it was
an open secret among collectors. It will be recollected that the
Duke formally opened the Exhibition, and attended the dejeuner
of the Exhibition Committee, showing his deep interest in the
subject by honouring the members of it with another especial and

2 OLD FRIENDS AND NEW.

private visit of inspection. We feel assured that His Eoyal High-
ness will always receive at the hands of the Philatelic Society of
London the loyal and enthusiastic welcome that is his due for the
honour he has conferred upon collectors.

We must also congratulate the Philatelic Society upon this
recognition of the steady and assiduous labour by which they have
sought to elevate the character of the pursuit. The days of ridicule
are past, those of indifference are waning, while the near future
will doubtless find Philately fully recognised as one of the minor
sciences. Founded by the pioneers of collecting on true lines of
intellectual research, and of later years developed by the energy
of the younger members, the Philatelic Society of London has had
an unbroken record of success which, at the close of the Jubilee
year of the introduction of the Prepaid Postage system, has culmin-
ated in the election to its Honorary Presidency of a son of Her
Majesty the Queen.

Old Friends The cheery and kindly old English saying that bids

and New. ug weicome the coming and speed the parting guest
always seems to have a special significance at the waning of the
year when friends meet and part, and when the memories of the
preceding months are mingled with hopes and resolves for those
of the future. Philatelists are as the rest of the world ; hence it
has happened that this journal stands with others at the parting
of the ways.

In the life of the great daily newspaper, editor and publisher
succeed each other scarce noticed by the general public, who,
content to digest each day the news provided for them, reck not
of the enterprise and intellect that direct the production of their
literary food. There is, however, a wide distance between the
quiet meandering of the philatelic rivulet and the mighty torrent
of the daily press, which may well entreat the indulgence of our
public if we touch upon the changes that affect the Philatelic
Record.

A glance at the cover of this journal will show that with this
number passes away the well-known name of Pemberton — our
publishers ah initio. 'Tis well to be off with the old love before
you are on with the new ; hence we feel that, ere alluding to the
future, a few words anent our friends who are leaving us is at once
our manifest and regretful duty.

The name of Pemberton needs no eulogy at our hands ; he was

OLD FRIENDS AND NEW. 3

undoubtedly the first Philatelic star who shone to guide us through
the mist of ignorance, and though, alas ! his brilliancy was all too
ephemeral, he did not pass away until he had indicated to us the
true path by the light of his genius. At his death Mr. Alexander
Henry Wilson, who had long been connected with him both com-
mercially and by relationship, succeeded to the reins of government,
and under the joint name of Pemberton, Wilson, and Co. carried
on the business until its recent acquirement by Messrs. Theodor
Buhl and Co. It is no secret that Mr. Wilson's career has been
a success. He has commanded it by his energy and great phila-
telic knowledge — there being few better judges — and, further, he
has deserved it. Although well knowing the value of rare stamps,
he has always contrived in the long-run to give his friends satis-
faction, and many a man who has grumbled at " Wilson's prices "
would have been glad to repeat the chance a year or two later.
Crede experto. A conspicuous fairness in all his dealings with stamps
and men, and a kindly disposition that placed his judgment at the
disposal of collectors, combined to make him as near perfection
as a dealer could be; we can therefore, with all truth, reiterate
the fact that Mr. Wilson has deserved every iota of his success.

A number of his friends intend, we understand, to convey to
him the "expression of their sentiments" in the usual British
fashion — across the mahogany; and we are sure that the burden
of the post -prandial orations will be the wish, in which we
heartily unite, that Mr. Wilson may be spared for many years
to enjoy the well-earned fruits of his labours.

We turn our faces once more to the future in the confident
hope that it may be as favourable as the by-gone times. The
present publishers of the Philatelic Record are fully conscious of
what is expected of them, and equally determined that in the
production of this journal neither time nor money shall be stinted
in maintaining its efficiency. The wide-spread relations that must
result from the fusion of the two firms should form a potent factor
for good.

It is no secret that the Philatelic Society of London has always
regarded the Record as the paper they have especially favoured.
To turn over the leaves of our bound volumes, is to see a well-
known name at almost every page; each year will show a vast
mass of solid work by the hands of members of the Society,
published to the world of Philately through our columns; and
the monthly publication of the minutes of the Society welds the
145*

4 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

chain that is forged by identity of feeling. It may, therefore, be
imagined that the loss of the quondam publishers of the Record
was one that caused anxious moments to many of our friends in
the Philatelic Society. Convinced beyond all doubt, however,
that the new management of this paper was absolutely resolved
to follow on the old lines, all cause for anxiety passed away, and
we feel gratefully assured of the fact, that so long as the Record
sustains its past traditions, so long will it have the undivided
support of the Philatelic Society of London.

As with Publisher so with Editor. The names of some of those
who have filled this responsible post are household words with
collectors, nor was our immediate predecessor in any way behind
those whom he followed. It is fortunate for us all that his untiring
energy and philatelic research will still be available to us in
another sphere of action. "We can only say, that in entering upon
our duties our desire will be to endeavour humbly to emulate the
example of those who have gone before : we count on the kind
support of all our readers for help and information, and we promise
nothing but an honest attempt — even though it fail — to conduct
the Record on Philatelic lines, and for the true interests of the
science and its votaries.

It may be considered fitting at the commencement of 1891 to re-
capitulate the dates of the principal events that have marked the course
of the year just past — the red-letter year of philately.

April 20th. — Opening of the Vienna Philatelic Exhibition. Visited
on the 23rd and 24th by His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of Austria
and their Imperial Highnesses the Archdukes Rainer, Franz Salvator,
and Ludwig Victor.

May 3rd.— Opening of the Leeds Philatelic Exhibition.

May 4th. — Opening of the Magdeburg Philatelic Exhibition.

May 6th. — Fiftieth Anniversary of the Introduction of Postage Stamps.

May 16th. — Guildhall Conversazione in celebration of the Postal
Jubilee. Issue of special Post Card.

May 19th. — Opening of the London Philatelic Exhibition by His
Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh.

July 2nd. — South Kensington Museum Conversazione in celebration
of the Jubilee. Issue of commemorative Postal Envelope.

December 19th. — Election of H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh as Hon.
President of the London Philatelic Society.

Exhibitions of Postage Stamps were included also at the exhibitions
held at Edinburgh, Birmingham, and other places.

* * *

We hear that Mr. W. A. S. Westoby's English collection is to be
dispersed at auction on the 14th February.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

]fxuH}Iib$, JKsan^ros, attir !^*imiinftm$«

To our Correspondents. — We shall be glad to receive from collectors and
dealers notices of Novelties, etc., which can, if desired, be inserted with
the sender's name and the date of receipt. Communications as to these,
as also general philatelic and postal information and correspondence,
should be addressed to "The Editor of the Philatelic Record," care of
Messrs. Theodor Buhl and Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.G.

ADHESIVES.

Argentine Republic. — We illustrate some of the new stamps
recently chronicled.

Bolivia. — Four values of the issue of 1887 are chronicled in
several of the American journals as having been lately seen, with
the roulettes superseded by perforations and of different shades.

5 c, idtramarine ; perf. 12.
10 c, orange „

20 c, green „

50 c, red „

British Bechuanaland. — The somewhat curious omission of
the initial letter on the Jd., black, of the "Cape" series makes a
variety that will delight the amateurs of surcharges, which we
chronicle for their benefit.

A collector in London reports that he has the surcharge inverted
on the 4d., vermilion.

£d., black, B of surcharge omitted (" ritish Bechuanaland ") ; wink, foul

anchor ; perf. 14.
4 pence on |d., vermilion ; black surcharged inverted.

British Guiana. — We have received a new value of the
current type of this Colony in monochrome, 5 cents, bright blue,
with the orthodox "Jubilee line." The 8 cents has also, we hear,
on account of an attempted ringing of the changes, turned its
colour, and now appears in dull lilac with the overprint in purple.
The exact hour at which it emerged in its new-born hue was
three o'clock on the 1 3th December — exactly !

5 cents, bright blue ; wmk. ££? CA ; perf. 14.

8 „ olive-green and dull lilac ; wmk. £g CA ; perf. 14.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

We hear that the 10 c. is to be expected next month. We
have also been shown the 2 (cents) on the 12 c. and 24 c. officials
of 1876 with the value at the base, barred by a thin stroke and
also by a broad line — the former apparently drawn with a pen
and the latter with a brush. Doubtless this difference may be
noted on other values of this issue.

British North Borneo. — The | cent of the current issue with
Postage and Eevenue has appeared. We
have also to note another surcharge, and for
a young "Colony"' there have been a fair
lot of these already. This time it is the
25 cents, slate, of the set hi use that has (
suffered the indignity of having its value ;
reduced. The surcharge consists of the (
words "Eight Cents" in two horizontal
lines of large Egyptian type measuring
1 4 x 3 mm. and of a bright sh my red.
8 c. in words on 25 c, slate ; perf. 13J.

Colombia. — A new stamp of 1 centavo, of the type below,
has appeared.

Ardioquia. — We illustrate the new stamps chronicled in our last.

u<-_ -_"_'« "-_-_'_-.

Germany. — In addition to the notice as to the envelopes, etc.,
given elsewhere we hear that the adhesives of the late issue will
shortly be demonetized. Does this mean there is a '•'remainder"?

Gold Coast. — A new value has appeared of the current type.

3d., yellow; wink. CA and Crown; perf. 1-1, and similar in type to the
5 shillings, lilac and blue. [Seychellc

10 „ rose.

20 „ green and „

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Great Britain. — We are indebted to a collector for the sight
of the £1 printed in a new colour, the watermark consisting of
three crowns of the conventional shape. The specimen we saw
was imperforate, but the perforation will doubtless be as usual.

£1, green; wmk. three crowns ; perf. 14(?).

Grenada. — The Two Shillings, yellow and green, fiscal has
now been converted into a penny postage stamp by the surcharge
Id.; letter and numeral standing directly over each other and of a
height of 4 mm. each ; in addition, as with the Jd. chronicled
last year (p. 2), the words " Postage and Eevenue " in three lines
of capitals.

Id., overprinted with words " Postage and Revenue," in black, on 2s., orange.

Haiti. — We illustrate below the provisional 2 cents mentioned
by us last month.

Italy. — Above are the types of the new provisional stamps.

Leeward Islands. — In last month's issue we chronicled the
new set on the authority of M. Moens, who, it appears, has now
received the stamps themselves, and corrects his list as to the
highest value, which, in lieu of being 2s., blue and green, should
be : 5s., blue and green ; wmk. 1CA; perf. 14. (See p. 209.)

rt^sBsftf

^mm

Newfoundland. — We illustrate the new 3 cents stamp
chronicled in our last.

New Republic. — The Timbre-Poste says : We have received the
following stamps without the date, and with the Arms embossed.

2s. 6d., violet on yellow.

4s.
5s.

6s., violet on yellow.
10s. „
£1 „

With Arms inverted.
Id. , violet on grey.
2s. 6d. „ yellow.

8 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

New South Wales. — The 5d., green, of the large square set
has, we hear from one or two quarters, been surcharged o.s. in black.
5d., green ; wmk. N.S.W. and Crown ; perf. 10 (?), surcharged O.S. in black.

Nossi-Be. — A new series of surcharged stamps has arrived, we
learn from the Timbre-Poste, which also publishes the decree of
" this official humbug." M. Moens says, well and truly: "It should
be noticed that Article 4 forbids the sale of these stamps to the
public, in order to leave to the administrators of the post the
entire benefit of their speculation. Will not the French Govern-
ment put an end to this unworthy trickery'?"

"This decree and all the preceding ones are not serious; they
only exist to facilitate the sale of stamps, which almost all go to
Paris and other places, to be sold probably for the benefit of those
who make them."

" There are three types, and the type with the double border is
the rarest, as of course there are rare varieties."

1st, 2nd, 3rd types, 25 c. on 20 c, bistre or green ; black surcharge.
,, „ „ ,, 25 c. on 75 c, carmine „ „

,, „ „ ,, 25 c. on 1 f., bronze „ „

Orange Free State. — The Fourpence, blue, has developed
into a penny value, by aid of the surcharge Id., figure and
numeral measuring 3x4 mm.

Id., Mack surcharge on 4d., pale blue ; perf. 14.

Paraguay. — The P. J. A. has received specimens of the current
set with surcharge Oficial.

1 cent, green ; surcharged oficial.

2 cents, red ,, ,,
10 „ purple „ „

Peru. — We have to note the 10 c, green, of the 1874 issue
without the square indentation on the back of the stamp.
10 c, 1874 issue, without grille.

Queensland. — Mr. Nolte sends us a horizontal pair of the
1879 issue of the deep vermilion hue without perforation between
the two stamps ; this, like the imperforate variety, is probably due
to oversight.

Of the higher values of the current set, the 2s., 5s., and £1, on
unwatermarked paper, were chronicled on page 210 of last year's
Record, on the authority of our Belgian contemporary, and further

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

information is asked. On referring to our collection, we find all
these values, and also the 2s. 6d., vermilion, the 10s., brown, and
the £1, in a bluish shade of green, similar in colour to that with the
watermark. We cannot distinguish the dates of obliteration, but
have had them certainly more than a year, and probably two.
The paper is thick white wove, and the perforation 12.

Since writing the above, we hear that the 5s. of the same type
is chronicled by the Timbre-Poste on thick white wove paper,
watermarked with a peculiar-shaped Q and Crown, joined together
at the top.

We have also the Id. and 2d. of the current issue imperforate,
both with satisfactory margins, and postally used, which seem
to have escaped the books of chronicles.
Issue of 1879.
Id., deep vermilion ; perf. 12, but imperf. at one side.
Current Type.
Id., pale vermilion; imperforate.
2d., chalky-blue ; imperforate.
Current Type. On thick white unwatei^narked paper ; perf. 12.
2s. 6d., vermilion.
10s.,1 brown.
£1, bluish-green.
5s., carmine, on thick white paper, but with watermark Q and Croivn
of a new design ; perf. (?).

Roumania. — The present issue have been issued without
watermark, says the I.J.B., and the follow-
ing values have been received thus :

1| bani, deep red.
3 ,, deep violet.
5 ,, sap-green.

10 bani, vermilion.
15 ,, olive-brown.
25 ,, ultramarine.

Dgpraq

To the list of the new Timbres-taxe our
Belgian contemporary adds, though he recks
not of paper or perf :

2 bani, green on straw.

St. Christopher. — The Revue Philatelique says that the current
One Penny has been reduced in value to half by over-printing.

The surcharge of One Penny on the 2Jd., blue, issued in 1888,
has been shown to us upside-down by our publishers.

•|d. on Id., carmine; black surcharge ; wmk. © CA; perf. 14.

Id. on 2|d., blue, of 1888 ; wmk. ^ CA; perf. 14 ; surcharge inverted.

Siam. — There is an addition to the surcharged stamps of this
country; namely, of the current 3 atts converted into 2 (atts,
we presume). The overprint consists of the figure 2, 3 mm. wide
and 6 mm. high, on the left lower angle, over the coloured
octagonal label. In the corresponding right corner is a Siamese
hieroglyphic ; and in the centre, at the base of the stamp, three
characters of the same language, whose exact significance we
wot not of, though we may, no doubt, assume they are the
descriptions in the vernacular of the superimposed value.
2 atts, surcharged on current 3 atts, green and blue.
145**

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Tangier. — The Timbre-Poste has received from a correspondent
some "special stamps for the French P.O. established at this
place." They are the usual French stamps surcharged. We
presume they are of the order of the Levant stamps.

5 centimes on 5 c, green ; red surcharge.
25 ,, ,, 25 c, rose ,,

50 ,, „ 50 c, carmine ; black surcharge.

1 peseta ,, 1 fr., green ,,

Victoria. — We have received from Mr. R. Nolte the 10d.,
slate-grey, of 1865, perf. 12 J, un watermarked. As the stamps of
this colony not only rejoice in a great variety of watermarks, but
are found with but fractions of them visible, we hunted high and
low in our endeavour to find a trace of the errant numeral ; but
after exhausting every known method, we were unable to tind the
least vestige of any watermark. En passant, "Oceania" describes
this stamp as normal with watermark 10, and as error with 8.
Have any of our readers met with the former of these % We are
anxious to do so.

We have also to note from the same source an interesting stamp,
the Two Penny, lilac, issue of 1863, laureated profile of Queen
Victoria, with error of watermark, thick numeral H, imperforate.
The only variety of this set given in the Philatelic Society's work
as not perforated is the 4d., dull rose, with normal watermark,
whereas the following stamps with single-lined numerals include
all three varieties — Id., 2d., and 4d. It seems hence fairly probable
that the Id., green, with the thick-lined numeral may yet turn
up, like the one we now describe, and so round off the six stamps
of the two sets.

10d., slate-grey; issue of 1865, without watermark; perf. 12J.
2d., lilac; issue of 1867 ; laureated head ; wmk. 2, ; imperforate.

The following notice appears in the daily press. It is to be
hoped that the portended issue may be "more artistic" than those
we have lately had from the colony.

New Victorian Postage Stamps. — New postage stamps have
been prepared in Victoria for use in connection with the reduced
letter postage between Australia and the mother country, which
will come into force on the 1st of January. The 2^d. stamp is
printed brown on a yellow ground, and the 5d. stamp brown on a
white ground. It is said that the latter is the more artistic, bu

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 11

%that the former is the more conspicuous of the two. The 2Jd.
stamp, intended for letters not exceeding half an ounce, bears a
medallion head of the Queen towards the right, and on the left of
the medallion some fern fronds with a scroll labelled " stamp duty."
The word " Victoria " is printed above the ornamentation, and the
words " Twopence-halfpenny " underneath the head. The 5d. stamp
has the Queen's head in the centre of the design, surrounded by an
oval frame of laurel leaves. " Victoria " is printed above the
medallion, and "Fivepence" underneath it. These stamps were
designed by Messrs. Troedel and Co., at the request of the
Postmaster-General of the colony.

Virgin Islands. — Our Gallic friends have a well-known and
of late rather hackneyed saying, that "in cases of mystery it is
advisable to seek for the cause among the fairer sex;" but the
expression has such a direct bearing upon a particular stamp which
has caused us much mystified astonishment that, as it really does
concern a vanishing lady, we are constrained to cry, " Cherchez la
femme /" We were shown recently the one shilling stamp of the
1867 issue of Virgin Islands with single outer
line of colour, but, alas ! without the lady
herself. As is well known, this stamp is
printed with frame and background in a
crimson shade, and has an upright female
figure in the centre, printed in black, em-
blematic of the name of the Islands, sur-
rounded by a white halo of glory. In the
unused specimen that we saw there is
absolutely no trace of the Virgin, and a
vacant spot remains revealed, leaving a white
patch in the centre of the design, broken at the edges with rays
branching into the crimson-lined background, and, alas ! wasting
their sweetness on the desert air. The solution of the mystery is,
without doubt, that as a result of considerable carelessness the
overprinting in the second colour has been forgotten, but so
different is the appearance of the stamp that it seems hardly
credible such an oversight could have escaped the attention of
the most casual of printers, unless perchance two sheets adhered
to each other after the first printing, the upper one alone receiving
the second impression. Even this supposition would, however,
admit great carelessness in counting the sheets. The paper and
perforation, as far as we could see, in a cursory examination,
corresponded with the ordinary specimens ; and judging from the
fact of its appearance in a small collection, there seems every
reason to believe that the "surcharge" has been inadvertently
omitted, and that it is one of a sheet that has never been smiled
upon by its better half !

Is., crimson, issue of 1867, with the overprint of central figure of the
Virgin omitted.

12 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Isote. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.

Argentine Republic. — There are new types for the wrappers
of 1 and 2 centavos, which M. Moens says are certainly no
improvement on their predecessors. The 1 c. has the presentment
of General Don Jose A. Alvarez, and the 2 c. that of another
martial gentleman.

Wrappers. 1 c, green on rnanilla ; 214 x 160 mm.
2 c, bright violet (?) (?)

Of the envelopes — 5 c. on 8 c, red — described by us on p. 204
of last year, it appears that there are six types of the figure 5,
instead of four, and that one has already been discovered with
double surcharge.

Envelope. 5 c. on current 8 c, red ; double surcharge.

Austria. — The new type now appears similar to the adhesives
on the envelopes. Size, 133x117 mm. "We believe other sizes
have been seen. Envelope. 5 kr., bright rose.

Germany. — We learn from the Philatelist that the wrappers
and envelopes have been withdrawn from use since December 10th.
Why] This is a mystery which the following notice does not
clear up :

" Notice on the Subject of Stamped Envelopes and Wrappers.

"From the 10th December, 1S90, the Post Offices will not sell stamped
wrappers or envelopes. From the same date an order is issued by the
Imperial Administration of the Post not to place them on sale any more.

" The public must procure unstamped envelopes and wrappers, and attach
the necessary stamps to them.

" The stamped envelopes and bands of the new type, which on the
10th December remain in the hands of the public, can still be used.

"Further, the stamped envelopes and bands of the old type preserve
their value until January 31st, 1891.

" Beklix, 27th November, 1890.

"Secretary to the Imperial Post Administration,

" Vox Stepham."

Mauritius. — We are indebted to our Brussels contemporary
for the following : For temporary purposes the Post Office has
increased the value of the 8 cents envelope to 50 cents, by
surcharging across the bottom of the head 50 cents in black.
This increase of value being a temptation to forgery, the seal
of the Post in red has been applied to the left of the stamp —
a crown in a circle, with the words General Post Office, Mauritius;
and as an additional precaution the chief of the Post Office has
added his signature in writing — L. M. C. P. (Louis ]\Iarten,
Colonial Postmaster). This envelope appeared on the 5th Nov.
last. A thousand of these surcharges were struck, of which 350
were delivered to " the Bureaux of the Union Postale Universelle."
As a last precaution the stamp and the seal of the Post were
obliterated when received.

50 c. on 8 c, blue ; UoxJ: surcharge.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Mexico. — Two envelopes — 5 and 10 centavos — of the current
oval design are submitted to us with the " Wells Fargo " advertise-
ment in green on the upper left hand. Underneath this, in small
pink type, on the former, there are the words Para Cartas J oz.
a los Estados Unidos Exclusivamente ; and on the latter, Para
Cartas J oz. en la Republica Mexicana Exclusivamente, indicating
their respective spheres of employment. The envelopes measure
152 x 86 mm., and are of wove paper, white outside and blue
inside.

5 centavos, blue ; issue of 1889, with " Wells Fargo " inscription.
10 „ vermilion ,, „ ,, ,,

Peru. — Our publishers have unearthed a variety that has
apparently escaped record. It is of the issue of 1875, over-
printed diagonally and indistinctly, about 12x4 mm.

20 c, mauve, 1875 issue, with surcharge Piura; 162 x 90 mm.

Sweden. — La Timbre-Poste describes two new varieties, similar
in type to those that have been so long in use. The lower value
is ungummed, and is intended for the transmission of visiting
cards by the Post — a delicate attention to the wants of polite
society that, we fear, is not likely to be forthcoming on the part of
our more robust authorities.

4 ore, grey, on white laid paper ; 109 x 71 mm.

5 ,, dark green, on blue laid paper ,,

United States. — We hear from several sources that there is
a new watermark on several of the envelopes now arriving, but
await further particulars.

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Austria. — In amplification of the lists of cards with the new
type (p. 151) and of letter cards (p. 170) in
last year's volume we gather from the P. J. A.
that the following varieties are issued :

Cards. 2 kr., brown on buff ; Illyrian.

2 » »

2 ,} JJ

2 55 »

2 „ „

2 + 2 „ „

5 + 5 „ carmine

Slavonic.

Roumanian.

Polish.

Italian.

Ruthenian.

Letter Cards. 3 kr., green on green ; Bohemian.

5 „ carmine on grey ; Italian-Illyrian.
5 „ „ „ Polynesian-Ruthenian.

5 „ „ „ Bohemian.

10 „ blue on grey-blue ; Italian-Franz.
1 piastre on 10 „ „ „ „

14 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Denmark. — The I. B. J. announces that the Union Postal
reply card has had the instructions somewhat varied. There are
now lines at the top.
Union Postal Card. 10 + 10, carmine on salmon ; with altered instructions.

Egypt. — We have received Postal Union
card, single and reply, with the diagonal
surcharge " 3 milliemes 3 " extending right
across the stamp, measuring 22J x 3 mm.,
in block capitals, with its equivalent in-
scription in Turkish in a parallel line below.

3 milliemes on 5 mills., rose; Postal Union card.
6 „ 5 + 5 „ „ „ „

France. — We learn that the reply post card of 10 + 10 centimes,
with four lines of address, has the impression of the first half on
both sides, the second being destitute of a stamp or inscription.
10 + 10 centimes, black on pale blue.

We also hear from he Timbre-Poste that the 25 centimes letter
card exists with the instructions at the bottom, in which the
vertical punctures do not traverse the horizontal. Also there is
the same card with the same punctuation without instructions.

25 centimes, black on rose, without instructions.

25 „ „ „ „ „ Variety of punctures.

25 „ „ „ with „ ■ „ „

The reply cards for pneumatic posts are replaced by sheets of
paper divided into two parts, each measuring 135 x 142 mm., with
a stamp on the right and the printed address. Inside there is a
printed formula to fill up.

30 + 30 centimes, black on chamois.

Great Britain. — In view of the recent postal changes of tariff
the 3d. cards are being called in from the outlying offices. Those
of our friends who care for specimens of this interesting and
individualistic card should bestir themselves to secure them.

Jamaica. — The Penny card has, according to the Metropolitan
Philatelist, been converted into a Halfpenny value.
Id., blue on buff ; surcharged \d. in black.

Newfoundland. — The current One Cent card, with the Prince
of Wales' portrait, and the Two Cents, with that of Her Majesty
in widow's weeds, now appear on white card instead of salmon as
heretofore. \ cent, green on white card.

2 cents, vermilion on white card.

Roumania. — We hear that letter cards will be issued for this
country ere long.

Venezuela. — M. Diena reports having received the reply card
with the re-made type, horizontally lined background, as in the
ordinary card.

Reply Card,. 10 + 10 cents, green on chamois.

PHILATELIC GAINS.

PHILATELIC GAINS OF 1890,

The contents of the following list, not otherwise described, are to be taken
as adhesives. Words in italics point to the particular change in the object
in question, which constitutes it a new variety ; and the page referred to is
that of the twelfth volume of the Philatelic Record on which the novelty is
described. A note of interrogation indicates that the authenticity is doubtful.

Afghanistan. — Issue of 1868.

Current type. Printed on wove paper. Value (?), light mauve;
on native laid paper. (Page 75.)

5 annas,

black

on orange.

5 annas,

black

on green. (

Page 66.

10 „

( „ 66

1 rupee

„ 66.

5 annas

blue.

5 annas

yellow.

[ „ 66

10 „

„ 66

1 rupee

( 55 66

5 annas

pink.

5 annas

violet.

5, 66

10 „

' 5, 66

1 rupee

„ GG.

Together with the above values in marone on similar colours.

Argentine Republic. — New types.

2 centavos, violet ; perf. 1H.

red

(Page 87.)

greenish-blue ; perf. 13^
brown. ,,

shades.

, mauve. ,,

, bronze-green ; perf. 13J.

, orange.

,, black ; perf. 11^.
i centavo, black surcharge on 12 c. of 18S9.

4 „ recC „ „ ,,

i „ green.

Envelopes. 5 centavos, surcharged on 8 c, red. Varieties 1,

Wrapper. New type. Lithographed. 4 c, blue on manilla.
Official Letter Cards. 2 centavos, blue (Vice-President).

4 , , brown on white ( Vice-President)

5 „ red on blue (Minister of Justice)
5 „ „ (Treasury).

5 „ ,, (Interior).

2 kreuzer, perf. 13.

3 „ do. 13.
10 „ do. 13.

5 „ do. 11J.
5 „ do. 10f.

horizontal

1 kreuzer, grey and black.

2 ,, pale brown „

3 „ green „
5 ,, red „

10 „ blue

103.)
, 2.)
, 170.)
, 151.)
, 27.)
, 151.)
, 87.)
, 120.)
, 151.)
, 170.)
2, 3, 4.

(Page 204

(

66.
190.
151.
151.
204.
204.

Austria.— 1883 Type.

Neiv Issue.

Page 152.)

„ 152.)

„ 152.)
Vertically, and imperf.
"/. (Page 152.)
Page 151.)

„ 151.)

PHILATELIC GAINS.

Austria — continued.

12 kreuzer, rose

15
20
24
30
50

carmine-red

olive-green

grey-blue

brown

violet

and black. (Page 151.)

1 gulder, deep blue

2 „ carmine

Surcharged for use in the Levant.
10 paras on 3 kreuzer, green and black.

20 „ on 5 ,, rose ,, (

1 piastre on 10 „ blue ,, (

2 „ on 20 „ olive „ (
5 „ on 50 „ violet „ (

Newspaper Stamps. \ kreuzer, green ; per/. 11J. (

151.)
151.)
151.)
151.)
151.)
151.)
151.)

(Page 205.)

Post Cards. 1883 Type—

2 + 2 kr., brown on buff;

2
2 + 2

5 „ red on buff.
20

grey-lilac; do. 11^. (

205.)
190.)
205.)
205.)
103.)
103.)

German inscriptions. (Page 151
Bohemian ,,

Illyrian

Italian

Polish

Roumanian

Ruthenian

Slavonic

paras on 5 kreuzer, red on buff.
2kr./

2 ,

2 + 2 ,

Letter Cards.

brown; new type; German inscriptions. (

3kr.
5 „

Pneumatic Post Letter Card.
Wrapper.

Bohemian

„ German ,,

,, Polish ,,

green on green ; new type.

rose on grey

151.)
190.)
151.)
151.)
151.)
151.)
151.)
151.)
151.)
151.)
190.)
190.)
190.)
170.)
170.)
170.)

15 kr. , lilac on rose ; new type. (Page 205.)
2 „ straw; new type. ( „ 170.)

Azores. — 2 reis, black ; double surcharge. (Page 190.)

25 ,, magenta „ do. ( „ 190.)

Bahamas.— Type of current Id. 6d., lilac. (Page 205.)

Bamra.— 4 a., black on yellow. (Page 151.)

-4 a.

8 a.
£a.
£a.
la.
2 a.
|a.
4 a.
ia.
ia.
la.
2 a.
4 a.

black on yellow.

„ pink. ( „ 151.)

yellow. ( „ 136.)

„ rose. ( „ 136.)

„ deep blue ( „ 136.)

„ green. ( „ 136.)

black on rose-lilac ; new type.

„ „ error " quatrer "

„ "Postaga

new type.

green

yellow

rose-lilac
. rose
8 a. , rose-lilac
1 rupee, rose-lilac

Errors lettered
\ a., black on rose-lilac
| a., green
1 a., yellow

Eeudatory."

(Pag(

i 170.)

\ n

170.)

V 11

170.)

V 11

170.)

\ 5J

170.)

' 5)

170.)

\ J>

170.)

V 11

170.)

\ 11

170.)

\ 11

170.)

I 11

170.)

V 11

170.)

\ 11

170.)

PHILATELIC GAINS.

Bamra — continued.

Envelopes, &c.

2 a., rose-lilac (Page 170.)

4 a., rose ( „ 170.)

8 a., rose-lilac ( „ 170.)

1 rupee, rose-lilac ( „ 170.)

h a., grey ; (first type) 113 x 64. (Page 136.)

£a. „ „ 185x67 ( „ 136.)

Bavaria. — 3 pf. , green ; wmk. hoi^izontal undulations; perf. 14. (Page 66. )

3 pf., brown „ „ „ ( „ 28.)

10 pf. , red-brown „ „ „ ( „ 66.)

25 pf., orange „ „ „ ( „ 28.)

50 pf., violet-brown „ „ „ ( „ 103.)

Post Cards. 3 pf ., grn. on buff ; vert, undulations ; dated "89. "
10 pf. , carmine on buff „ „

10 + 10pf.,

3+ 3pf., brown on grey ; vert, undulations; dated "90."
3 pf . , grn. on buff; horizontal , , dated "90. "

5 pf. , lilac on buff ,, ,, ,,

5 + 5 pf . , lilac on grey ; vertical , , , ,

3 pf . , brown on buff ; horizontal , , , ,

5 pf., green on buff ,, ,, ,,

5 + 5 pf . , green on grey ; vertical , , „

10 pf., carmine on buff; horizontal „ dated " 90."

10 pf. „ „ vertical ,, ,,

10 + 10pf. „ on grey
10 + 10 pf . „ , , „ „ with " Baviere "

on one half
10 + 10pf., carmine ; with "Baviere on each half

Belgium.— 1 centime, greenish-black. (Page 153.)

Page 2.)

„ 2.)

„ 28.)

„ 66.)

„ 28.)

„ 66.)

„ 66.)
,,191.)

Bhopal. — \ a., black ; type similar to 1881 but smaller ; perf. and imperf ;
(24 types.)
1 a., brown ; type of " 81." 24 fresh varieties.
4 a., yellow on white laid paper ; imperf.
4 a., (re-engraved type), on thin greyish ivove paper,
i a., blue-green, imperf.; new type.
£ a. „ error nwab, imperf. ; new type

^ a. „ ,, sah „ „

I a. ,. „ nawa and jan an; imperf.; new type

4 a., deep green and yellow-green ; perf.
i a. » »

4 a. » »

5> 5J

4 «• »

ia.

£a. „

^ a., red ; perf.

i a. „ error sah ; perf.

\ a. „ „ nawaba ; perf.

2 a., blue ; 24 types ; imperf. and perf.

2 a. „ error beegam ,, ,,

2 a. „ „ nawah ,, „

8 a., dull blue ; perf,

error nwab ; perf.
„ nawaa „

„ NAWA „

nwaba and begaam ; perf.
nwab a; perf.; new type.

8 a.
8 a.
8 a.
8 a.,

„ error hah ; perf.
„ „ jaban ; perf.
„ imperf.
error nawab hah.

8 a.

„ JABAN.

(To be continued.)

(Page

103.)

V 3J

2.)

\ ?J

51.)

V 5)

153.)

\ »>

191.)

\ 5)

191.)

V J»

191.)

V )?

191.)

V 5J

191.)

\ 5»

191.)

\ )>

191.)

' 5»

191.)

. ; ne\\

r type.

(Page 191.)

V 5>

191.)

' 5)

191.)

\ 5)

191.)

I 5)

191.)

\ ))

191.)

\ »

191.)

\ 3»

191.)

V 1)

191.)

\ 5»

191.)

\ 5)

171.)

\ J>

171.)

V If

171.)

18 PHILATELIC PUBLICTIONS.

THE BIRMINGHAM EXHIBITION,

A Fixe Art Exhibition, held in Victoria Hall, Aston, Birmingham,
November 26th, 27th, and 28th, 1890, included some Philatelical
exhibits which proved a great source of attraction to visitors, and
attracted considerable attention in the local newspapers, which have
recently contained letters urging the City Council to form a Philatelic
section in the grand Art Gallery, as a standing memorial to Sir Rowland
Hill in his native town. Mr. Hollick had under his charge the arrange-
ment of the exhibits, which were in a series of frames 3 feet by 2 feet.
The principal object sought was to popularize the hobby rather than to
display the rarities of the exhibitors.

The first frames contained the Mulready envelopes and letter sheets,
surrounded by the very extensive and interesting collection of carica-
tures of Messrs. Walton and W. T. Wilson, the catalogue pointing out
that it was greatly through the ridicule thus thrown on them that
Mulready's envelopes were withdrawn from circulation. Adjoining
these came a fine show of essays and rejected designs for the adhesives,
by Messrs. Whiting and others, much interest being shown by visitors
in the V.R. black and the Prince Consort essays. A reconstructed plate
of the penny, black, by Mr. Walton, with every variety of English
postage stamp down to the Jubilee issue, was also shown. In the space
devoted to the British Colonies each one issuing stamps was typically
represented, several countries being complete. This section also included
several frames of Oriental stamps, and complete plates of Afghans,
which, with the quaint Cashmere and Bhopal, were curiously eyed and
curiously commented on.

Unfortunately the hall could only be secured for three days, and
much regret was expressed by the public and the press that such
treasures as were shown should only be on view for so short a time. It
should be added that the Marquis of Lome was one amongst many
distinguished visitors, and that Captain Grice Hutchinson guaranteed
every expense.

[We are indebted to a correspondent in Birmingham for the above,
and are glad to notice the interest evinced in postage stamps in the
metropolis of the Midlands. — Ed.]

PHILATELIC PUBLICATIONS,

The Stamp Xews Annual is a species of Christmas number of the
paper whose name it bears, and is a neatly-turned-out volume, con-
taining some 80 pages of readable matter of a more or less Philatelic
nature. Among the contributors are some' well-known names, Herr
von Ferrary having the place of honour with an exceedingly short
monograph, the purport of which is that the German stamps are as
interesting as the British Colonials. Mr. Castle has a rather lengthy
paper on the future possibilities of collecting. Major Evans dilates
upon the arrangement of a collection, and gives some sensible advice
on a well-worn subject. G. H. writes a good article on the stamps of
Afghanistan, evidently compiled from his own collection — a most
laudable custom ! Papers on the stamps of Switzerland and the New
Republic are contributed respectively by M. A. de Reuterskiold and

CORRESPONDENCE. 1 9

Mr. Emil Tamsen. Amongst the remaining articles there are several
that will repay perusal ; while the festive proclivities of the season are
acknowledged by the insertion of items of fiction and "poetry" that
are of a highly exhilarating nature, and should cover their authors with
glory ! The work is somewhat marred by mistakes in printing, but on
the whole is a credit to the enterprise of the publishers, and should
command a wide field of readers.

<&oxxt&$o\xtmxtz.

To the Editor of "The Philatelic Eecord."

Dear Sir, — To how many is it granted to revisit their old haunts after
long years, to mix again with a later generation occupying itself with then-
old hobbies, and to return once more into exile without grumbling the old
grumble of laudator temporis acti ?

I am one amongst the few. My short visit to England has been passed
in a giddy whirl of philatelic surprises and delights, and I shall esteem it
a favour if you will allow me, in the pages of the dear old Record, to wish
those who continue to illustrate the hobby I once rode, and still love, " Good-
bye and God-speed."

I should, indeed, be obdurate to the humanising effects of philately were
I not touched by the welcome and kindness I have received from my old
stamp-collecting friends ; and yet, having long known and appreciated their
grit, this reception counts amongst my delights rather than my surprises.
But when I come to consider the status and stateliness of the Philatelic
Society (the latest meeting of which I was privileged to attend), and
compare things with what they were in the days when I was more intimately
connected with it, I am moved to express my ungrudging contentment and
surprise. A membership of over one hundred, including la fine fleur of
home, continental, and colonial philatelists, H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh
as Honorary President, the most perfect works treating of our science in
active progress, and to its credit and (this makes me fairly gasp) well-filled
coffers !

I find the Record, as of old, the head and front of philatelic journalism,
and about to make fresh leaps and bounds under the editorship of one who
I appreciate too highly to compliment. Those who know me know also
with what sincerity I adjure them to rally round the old rag, and to aid the
Editor by every means in then* power to keep it up to the latter day
requirements of philatelic science. My old publishers are honourably and
victoriously quitting a well-fought field. Once more I should like to thank
them for their confidence in and kindness to their quondam Editor ; and,
in conclusion, I wish you, Mr. Editor, and the new proprietors, the same
success and friendly relations on which I look back with so keen a pleasure.

Yours faithfully, M. Burnett,

Ex-Secretary of the Philatelic Society of London, Ex-Editor of the
" Philatelic Record," and Ex-Stamp-collector.
London, 14th January, 1891.

[It is with singular pleasure that we publish the foregoing letter. As will
be known to our older subscribers Mr. Burnett was the Editor of the Record
from its very inception until he left England some few years since. It is
the barest truth to say that had it not been for his exceptional literary and
philatelic ability the Philatelic Record could never have attained its present
position. His wishes for its future are a happy augury of success that will
be welcomed alike by writer and reader. There is but one little word in
his kindly communication that grates on the ear. Why should Mr. Burnett
be " ex " 1 We sincerely trust he will not be ex-correspondent of his old
friend the Record ; and we hope he may again be a collector, even if only of
the stamps of the land he lives in. Nihil tetigit quod non ornavit. — Ed.]

20 PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON.

PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON,

Honorary President— H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, K.6., &c.

COMMITTEE FOR THE YEAR 1890-91.

President — P. A. Philbrick, Q.C.

Vice-President— T. K. Taplixg, M.P.

Secretary — D. Garth. Assistant- Secretary — J. A. Tilleard.

Treasurer and Librarian — C. N. Biggs.

E. D. Bacon. I A. W. Chambers.

M. P. Castle. Dr. C. W. Vixer.

The fifth meeting of the season 1890-91 was held at the Salisbury Hotel,

Fleet Street, on Friday, December 5th, 1890, at 7.30 p.m., and was

attended by eighteen members, including the Vice-President in the chair,

and two visitors. The minutes of the last meeting having been read

and confirmed, the Secretary reported that the President of the Philatelic

Society of Rome, who had recently been in London, had conveyed the

greetings of his Society to the London Society, and had announced that

a Museum of Philately was about to be opened in Rome under Government

auspices. It was resolved that a letter should be written reciprocating

the good wishes of the Roman Society. The Secretary also reported the

receipt of a copy of Mr. YVestoby's new work on the stamps of the United

Kingdom, which was directed to be acknowledged with the thanks of the

Society. Mr. David H. Hill, proposed by Mr. Basset Hull, and seconded

by Mr. Biggs ; and Dr. Kalckoff, proposed by Mr. Castle, and seconded by

the Assistant-Secretary, were duly elected members of the Society. The

revision of the Reference List of the Stamps of the Cape of Good Hope was

continued and completed. On the motion of the Vice-President, seconded

by the Secretary, it was resolved to postpone the further study of the stamps

of the African colonies, pending the completion of a contemplated work

on Indian and Ceylon stamps. The Secretary reported that the date fixed

for the annual dinner having been found to be inconvenient, the dinner had

been postponed for the present.

The sixth meeting of the season was held at the Salisbury Hotel, on
Friday, December 19th, at 7.30 p.m., thirteen members being in attendance,
mcluding the Vice-President in the chair. After the minutes of the last
meeting had been read and confirmed, the Secretary reported the receipt of
a letter announcing the acceptance by H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh
of the office of Honorary President of the Society. On the motion of
Major Evans, seconded by Mr. Colman, it was resolved that a letter should
be written in reply, expressing the thanks of the Society to H.R.H. for the
honour conferred on the Society. A letter was also read' from Mr. Skipwith,
the Secretary of the newly-formed Society at Leeds, and it was resolved
to reply with the best wishes of the London Society for the success of
the new Society. Mr. John F. Jones, of Paris, proposed by Mr. Van Duzer,
and seconded by the Assistant Secretary, was elected a member of the
Society. The remainder of the evening was occupied with a long discussion
on private matters connected with the proceedings of the Society.

Jiotcs antr <&\xtxii&.

H. E. S. — The Great Britain Id. wrapper, on granite paper, that you
mention, is doubtless of unofficial origin and stamped to order, similar to
that recorded on p. 207 of last year's Record. Kindly send the Portugal
for inspection.

R. N., Dresden.— Pressure on space defers our reply till next month.

Theodor Buhl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

SFhij ||lttIa:ti[Bit $W*k

Vol. XIII. FEBRUARY, 1891. No. 146.

HE alteration in the rates of postage between this
country and its colonies that came into force on the
1st of January last is one of the most important that
has been effected for many years. As briefly announced
in the Post-office Guide, "the postage for letters to India
and all other British possessions, except Bahamas,
Bermudas, and British East Africa, is reduced." The reduction
to the Postal Union Rate of 2^d. per J oz. is in many cases a very
Reduction of *aroe one> an(* ^ sucn important parts of the British
Colonial Empire as India and Australia should lead to an
>s' enormous increase of postal communications. We
must congratulate the authorities on the wisdom they have
displayed, even if somewhat tardy, in introducing this reform,
thus showing that they recognised that postage is for the million,
both " classes and masses." The lesson has been plain to read ; it
is an age of sixpenny telegrams, third-class railway fares, and
cheap postage. Mr. Henniker Heaton and the energetic band of
" postal reformers " will no doubt only accept this reduction as an
instalment, as they seem to have adopted the wily Scotch Member
of Parliament's dictum, " Keep on taking all you can get, and
keep on asking for more." Changes in postal as in other adminis-
trations should, however, be gradual to be on a sure basis ; hence
any further reductions of postal rates in the interests of the heavily-
burdened British taxpayer can well be deferred until the inevitable
increase of correspondence has swallowed up the deficit in the
Post-office budget that will be caused by these alterations. We
have confidence in predicting that many years will not elapse
before this consummation is attained, and we may then be within
a measurable distance of that which once seemed a dream of
Utopia — Universal Penny Postage !

22 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

fytujjftm, $i*t&nipm, attb Jj^tmiiafons,

To our Correspondents. — We shall be glad to receive from collectors and
dealers notices of Xovelties, etc., which can, if desired, be inserted with
the sender's name and the date of receipt. Communications as to these,
as also general philatelic and postal information and correspondence,
should, be addressed to ::The Editor of the Philatelic Record," care of
Messrs. Theodoe Buhl and Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

ADHESIVES.

Argentine Republic. — Le Timbre-Poste announces that high
values of 1, 5, 10, 20 and 50 pesos are in preparation — news that
will scarcely be received with a chorus of rejoicing.

Austria. — The 5 kreuzer of this current issue has been seen,
pace the Revue Philatelique, with the numerals of value absent
from the corners, attached to another stamp in its normal condition.
5 kreuzer, rose ; without figure of value.

Bahamas. — The 6d. value chronicled by us in December last
has the watermark C A and Crown and the perforation 14 as usual,
which facts we were unable to give at the time.

Bamra. — We are indebted to Major Evans for the following
note on these stamps :

"We have received some specimens of the envelopes. Of the
one which was described in the paper published last month there is
a curious variety without the native inscription, being simply
stamped bamra — postage in two lines, and of this there are two
minor varieties, differing in the size of the frame on the address
side. In one there are twenty-four ornaments at the top and bottom
of the frame, as on the envelopes with the native inscription; in
the other there are only twenty- three ornaments at the top and
bottom. On the bag-shaped envelopes, 179x63 mm., the stamp
is also on the flap, and is of similar design to our illustration ; but
the third native character is thin, and with an almost angular bend,
very unlike the thick curved stroke on the small envelopes. There
are two minor varieties here, differing in the distance between the
word postage and the native inscription below it. The address
side is framed again here, but with a pattern of loops, a triple loop
filling each corner."

Bhopal. — The 4 annas has been redrawn a second time. The
square type is still adhered to, and there are twenty-four varieties
on the sheet, but none of them contain any actual errors : even the
third letter of beg am is plainly a " g " in almost every case ! The
impression is in a deeper shade than that of the last 4 a., and is on

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 23

almost white wove paper. We have it both imperf. and with the
usual barbaric perforation.

4 a., orange ; redrawn; imperf.

4 a., „ „ perf.

Bolivia. — The perforated set chronicled in our last issue as
having been noted in the American journals are now coming to
hand, but have only nine stars instead of eleven, as m
in the 1887 issue, of which they were assumed to be
a modification only.

British Guiana. — The 1 c. of the current series
and new design has now appeared.

1 c, green ; wmk. C A and Crown ; perf. 14. Eediiced size.

British South Africa, or Mashonaland. — The earliest signs
of civilization among savages have been hitherto believed to con-
sist in a due appreciation and consumption of gunpowder and
spirits, the latter of the more explosive nature. With these will
evidently hence be included postage stamps, without which the
aborigine can hardly be said to enjoy the benefits of civilization.
It is sad also to think of the depletion of native pockets, or their
equivalent, that must occur in the purchase of the high values here
chronicled for the dark continent. They may doubtless be exported,
but will be, like some of our German friends' stamps, " very rarely
used on the entire original envelope."

As will be noted by the accompanying illustration, the labels
have a distinctly zoological tendency — lions, elephants, bicorned
beasts, with profuse caudal appendages, and other ferce
naturce, are freely scattered over the design, and appeal
at once to our imagination as redolent of darkest Africa.
The stamps are engraved in taille-douce, on thinnish
white wove paper, without watermark ; although on
Refciced size, one specimen, showing by its margin that it was from
the last row on the sheet, there is a large double-lined letter,
evidently part of an inscription; the perforation gauges 14. We
have only seen the values up to 10s., and understand that those of
the higher denomination are, although of similar design, larger.
The design is decidedly effective, is well engraved, and if the series
finished at the shilling value collectors would no doubt welcome
their advent.

10s., green; perf. 14.
£1, blue
£2, rose-red
£5, sage-green
£10, brown

Id., grey-black ; perf. 14.

6d., pale blue

Is., brown

2s., vermilion

2s. 6d., lilac

5s., yellow

Cashmere. — The Monthly Journal states that they have re-
ceived the \ anna stamp of the type of the 4 and 8 annas, on thin
laid paper similar to that employed for printing other values on,
as described in last year's Record.

£ anna, red on thin laid paper.
I „ black
146*

24 NOVELTIES. DISCOVERIES. AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Ceylon. — The indefatigable providers of surcharges in this
" sunny isle " have provided a fresh variety on the 4 c, rose,
■which consists of the value at the base of the stamp being over-
printed with " 2 cents" in Egyptian type about 14 mm. in length
by 2 mm. in height. Piquancy is added to the novelty by the
fact that the surcharge is to be met with inverted at the top of the
stamp, and with a double surcharge, the second one inverted on
the lower part — these varieties having been seen by Messrs.
Whitfield, King, and Co. Is it beneath the notice of the postal
authorities to enquire the reason for this perpetual flow of Cingalese
varieties ? 2 cents, black surcharge on 4 c, rose.
,, ,, inverted.

,, ,, double surcharge, one inverted.

Chamba. — The same authority also states that they have found
a variety of the surcharge on the h anna with a small "a" in the
centre of the word "STaTE."

\ anna, green ; State with small a.

Columbia. — The American Philatelist notes the issue of two
new designs for the 5 and 20 centavos, in addition to the 1 c.
described by us last month.

5 centavos, blue.
20 ,, light violet.

Fiji. — We are informed by a correspondent that the surcharge
of Eourpence has been seen on a lilac stamp of one penny instead
of twopence as heretofore. We presume it is the current stamp
printed in a fresh colour for some dim reason.
Fourpence on one penny, lilac.

Finland. — We learn that the new set has now been completed
by the addition of the following value to those already issued and
noted. 10 marks, brown and red.

Gabon. — The A. J. P. notes the 5 and 10 c. of the current
issue of the French colonial stamps with a slanting surcharge of
" 25." Does this mean the increase in value to that amount ?

25 c, black surcharge on 5 c, green on green.

25 ,, ,, 10 c, black on lilac.

Gold Coast. — We give an illustration of the
higher values chronicled in our last issue. The water-
mark is Crown and C A, and perforation 1 4.

Bedueed size.

Germany. — We are informed by a correspondent that the
recent withdrawal of the sale of envelopes and wrappers by the
German Imperial Post-office is assignable to the following cause.
It will be remembered that the Emperor has recently initiated a
vast scheme of compulsory national insurance, by which every
wage-earner is compelled to deposit with the Imperial Exchequer,
through the medium (apparently) of the nearest Post-office, such a
share of his weekly earnings as may suffice to form a provision
against old age or illness. Such an enormous strain of work has

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

been thrown upon the postal employes by this gigantic effort of
parental legislation, that the authorities have eagerly seized on the
comparatively small use made of these stamped envelopes as a
pretext for doing away with them, and thus removing the straw
from the camel's back. We should be heartily glad if a similar
edict could obtain in other portions of the world. Eecent statistics
show that in Australia stamped envelopes have but a small circu-
lation; while in the States the kaleidoscopic changes are neither
demanded by the public, or appreciated by the collector.

Grenada. — In last month's issue we chronicled the 2s., orange,
overprinted Id. with letter and numeral, standing directly over
each other. This has failed to satisfy the Grenadian officials, as it
now arrives with the numeral and value side by side of the same
type and dimensions, occupying a space 4 mm. in height and 5 J
in breadth. The watermark (six-rayed star) remains unchanged.

Id., overprinted with words " Postage and Revenue," in black, on 2s.,
orange and green.

Our publishers have received specimens of the current 8d., with
the black surcharge "Postage and Re venue" in three f^^y
lines in capitals, the upper and lower ones gauging E|||§lf
respectively 15 x 2 J mm. and 16 J x 2^, and the centre
5 x 1 J mm. Over the value is Id., figure and letter, „
measuring 6 J x 4 mm. The surcharge also occurs in- yip
verted, owing to the method of printing the stamps. Bedded size.
Id. on 8d., brown ; wmk. C A and Crown ; perf. 14.

Guadelope. — Mr. D. Mackenzie sends us the last new surcharge
from this colony, consisting of the 1 fr., French colonial type,
surcharge 5 c. — o. p. e. in two lines, separated by a narrow bar.
The overprint is in fancy black capitals, the 5 c. above measuring
about 11x7 mm., and the three letters 11 x 2 J mm.

5 c., black surcharge on 1 franc, brown (current type).

Haiti. — The surcharge on the 3 c, blue, of this country,
chronicled in December last, seems to have been applied with a
lack of orthographic appreciation thoroughly in keeping with the
semi-barbarianism of the Black Republic. M. Le Roy d'Etiolles
has discovered the following varieties of French " as she is wrote "

in Haiti :

Reduced si:

3 c. , blue ; red surcharge, dl ; ux cents.
3 c. ,, ,, eux ,,

3 c. ,, „ deuix ,,

3 C. ,, ,, DEUTJXX ,,

3 c. ,, ,, deu ,,

3c.,, ,, Double surcharge.

3 c. ,, ,, Triple ,,

Hong-kong. — The accompanying illustration gives
a representation of the new provisional on the 10 c,
green.

7 c, black surcharge on 10 c, green ; wmk. C A and C ;
perf. 14.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

"We have also received the 10 c. in a new garb; namely, printed

in brown on red, both, we believe, fugitive colours. This new

departure does not enhance the appearance of the stamp, but has

the redeeming merit of rendering the watermark delightfully legible.

10 c, brown on red; wmk. Crown and C A ; perf. 14.

A correspondent in Hong-kong mentions also the following
varieties printed in fugitive colours : 20 c. surcharged on 30 c,
green; 30 c, green; 50 c. on 48 c, mauve; 1 dollar on 96 c. ;
and 5 dollars on 10 dollars, Eevenue, the same colour as the 10 c.

Johor. — The surcharge on the 2 c. now measures 13 x 2h mm.

2 c, black surcharge, 13 x 2 J mm., on 2 c, rose.
LagOS. — The Revue PhUatelique informs us that the colour has
been changed on the undermentioned stamp of the issue in use.
3 pence, lilac and brown.
Martinique. — From several sources we hear that a fresh sur-
charge has been inflicted on the long-suffering current type of
French colonials, consisting of the word Martinique printed hori-
zontally in thick block capitals, with large numerals beneath. We
have only seen the following, but believe there are others.
Black surcharge. 05 c. on 10 c, black and lavender.
,, 15 c. on 25 c, black on rose.

Natal. — Mr. Thomas Bull has shown us an interesting variety

of the first issue of these stamps, to wit, a vertical pair of the 3d.,

rose, tete-beche. The space between the stamps

was considerable, and it may probably be that,

as with the Grenadas and Corrientes, the

stamps were printed in panes with the designs

relatively inverted, and as vertical or any pairs

of this issue have been but rarely seen, this

peculiarity may have escaped notice ; but it

is equally likely that this variety may have

been the result of a careless impression. There

were two pairs of distinct shades which seems

J to favour the latter theory, but in any case

they are " objects of interest " to the collector of British Colonials.

Issue of 1857. 3d., pink ; embossed ; tete-becke.

New South Wales. — We have received from our publishers
specimens of some of the new values rendered necessary by the
new postal rate of 2Jd., and issued on the 1st January. Instead
of new dies the Sydney Post-office has had recourse to those of the
1870-75 issue for three of the four values printed in fresh colours,
and surcharged with the required values. Probably time has not
allowed the designing and preparation of new dies, and these may
therefore simply be used as a locum tenem. These varieties have
appeared thus : viz., the Jd. on the former red Id., now printed in
green, surcharged "Halfpenny" in Egyptian type, 14 x 1J mm., in
one line; the 7Jd. on the former lilac 6d., printed in brown, sur-
charged " Sevenpence Halfpenny " in two lines of thin block

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 27

capitals, the upper one measuring 14x2 mm., and the lower one
HJx2 mm. ; the 12|d. on the former Is., black, printed in
vermilion, surcharged in two lines as last, but the upper one
measuring 15 J mm. on account of the longer word. The design
of the 2£d. is a somewhat ambitious one, but, as is so frequently
the case with the stamps executed in the Colonies, is unsatisfactory,
owing to poor finish and want of execution in carrying out the
draughtsman's ideas. The central design, contained in an octagonal
frame, consists of an allegorical figure, presumably
emblematic of Australia, standing on the globe with
a banner in her right hand, on which is the inscrip-
tion, "Advance, Australia." The background is
formed by the ocean, with a large steamer in the
horizon, and the sky, except where the vessel ploughs
her way, is represented by solid colour. In each
upper angle is a pair of wings, and in the lower 2J on white shields ;
while the inscriptions "New South Wales" and "Postage" at the
sides and top, and " Pence " at the bottom, with an outer coloured
line, complete the design, of which we give an illustration.

Id., black surcli. on green ; 1870 issue ; wmk. N.S.W. & Crown ; perf. 11 x 12.
7|d. ,, „ brown „ ,, ,, perf. 10.

12|d. „ ,, vermilion „

2Jd., bright blue (new design) wmk. N.S.W. and Crown ; perf. 11 x 12.

A correspondent from Sydney also informs us that the " Postage
Due " stamps are electrotyped from a wood engraving by G. Colling-
ridge, of Sydney ; and that all these new stamps are printed in
sheets of 240, divided into four panes of sixty.

We have received from our publishers a block of four 2d. stamps
of the centennial type without vertical perforation between them, and
the right-hand pair imperf. horizontally, a vagary of the perforating
machine. 2d. , blue ; current issue ; defective perforation.

We hear that the Postage Due stamps have made their appearance.

New Zealand. — The new 2|d. value has apparently come
into issue. We have not yet seen a copy, but gather that it bears
a portrait of the Queen to left in widow's weeds, with the inscrip-
tion " Postage and Ee venue." We hope to illustrate it next month.
2|d., blue (wmk. and perf. ?).

Nicaragua. — We have just heard of an avalanche of new
varieties, which, despite their extreme interest, we must perforce,
owing to the exigencies of space, defer to chronicle until next
month, when we hope to illustrate them.

Nossi-be. — It appears that there is another variety as rare as
the others to add to those noted last month by M. Moens, con-
sisting of a happy combination of the three types
given on the 20 c.

Variety of surcharge.

25 c. on 20 c, brick on green ; letters N S B of Type 1 ;
25 c. of Type 2 ; frame of Type 3.

Annexed is an illustration of stamp described
last month.

28 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Orange Free State. — The surcharge Id. on 4d., noted by us
last month, has been seen by our publishers with a Roman
numeral (Id.), and also with thick and thin figure.
Id. on 4d. , blue ; varieties of surcharge.
Paraguay. — We chronicled last month the 1, 2, and 10 c. of
the current set surcharged "Oficial." To these must
be added, we hear —

Blue Surcharge and Oficial. 5 c. , blue.
15 a, orange.
20 c, rose.
We hear of supposed high values, but have reason
to believe they do not emanate from Paraguay, but Reduced size.
London, and are of corresponding worth !

Patiala. — Mr. Beckton informs us he has seen the 8 anna,
violet, with straight surcharge, having a small a in STaTE similar
to that described under the head of Chamba in this number.
8 a., violet, surcharge STaTE with small a.
Philippine Islands. — M. Moens writes, on the authority of
M. Moquette, that there are two types of the surcharged 8 c. on
on 24/8 c. de peso. In the first type the ornament dividing the
circular inscriptions nearly touches the o of habilitado, while in
the second type it is smaller, and at a distance of 1£ mm. The
figure 8 is narrower in the first type than in the second, and the 2
of 24/8 c. is more open in the former. Finally, after the word Gral
there is a small stop in type 1, and in type 2 a large one more
distanced. 2 c. on 2*/8 c. ; variety of surclvarge.

Portugal- — Mr. H. E. Swindell has sent us a specimen of the
current set, 25 reis, in a pale blue, with hardly a trace of lilac or
slate in it. Have any of our readers met with this shade 1

Queensland. — The new 2£d. comes to hand of a somewhat
meretricious design and poor execution. The Queen's head to left
in a lined circle occupies the centre of a rectangular solid block of
colour, on which at the top, in white letters, is inscribed " Queens-
land," and at the bottom twopence halfpenny in small type,
flanked on each side by large numerals 2£. Conventional orna-
ments fill in the interstices, and a band of colour containing a
dotted line completes the design. The watermark is apparently
newly designed with a small Crown.

2Jd., rose ; wmk. Q and Crown ; perf. 13.
The Jd. value has now ap-
peared, and answers to the de-
scription given in the Record in
December last, as will be seen by
the illustration.

|d. , light green ; wink. ;

perf.

Russia. — To the values already enumerated we have to add-
5 kop., lilac and rose, with thunderbolts added.
7 roubles, orange and black „ ,,

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

St. Christopher. — It appears that the surcharge of £d. on Id.
mentioned by the Revue Philatelique last month is of the un-
authentic or bogus species !

San Salvador. — The remarks we make under the head of
Nicaragua have an equal application here.

South Australia. — The new postal value of 2 Jd. has appeared,
and is certainly not pleasing. The current 4d.,
which is none too handsome, is printed on green,
and has a surcharge 2£d. measuring 8 J x 12 mm.,
in brown, practically rendering Her Majesty's
lineaments invisible. The value at base is erased
by a thick line of the same colour.

2|d., brown surcharge on 4d., green, current type ;
wmk. S A and Crown ; perf. 10.

Tasmania. — The 2Jd. value for this colony comes to hand, as
have other of the Australians, made by surcharging another stamp.
The 9d. has been selected for this purpose, printed in a pale delicate
shade of blue, and overprinted with 2^d., measuring about 13 mm.
in height by 7 mm. in breadth:

2|d., black surcharge on 9d., pale blue ; wmk. tas ; perf. 11.
Victoria. — Two of the new values have also appeared here, as
will be seen by the accompanying illus-
trations of novel designs. When we quoted
the Press notice as to these stamps in our
last issue, portending something "more
artistic," we had a lingering doubt, and,
alas, our hopes are now dispelled ! The 2 Jd.
is certainly "more conspicuous" than the
5d., but to our mind they neither smack of the artist in any way.

2^d., brown on yellow ; wmk. V and Crown ; perf. 12^.
5d., brown on white ,, ,, ,,

Reduced size.

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.

Dominican Republic. — Two new varieties of the 1883 type
have been discovered, says the A. P.

2 cents, blue on rose, 139 x 77 mm.
25 ,, violet on white, 186 x 96 mm.

India. — Our publishers have the current
envelope of 4 annas and 6 pies with a sur-
charge encircling the stamp of above "India
Postage," and beneath "Two annas and six
pies." We append illustration.

2 annas and 6 pies surcharged on 4 annas
and 6 pies, yellow.

Leeward Islands. — The I. B.J. chron-
icles the issue of wrappers of the "Amalga-
mated Type." id., green. ] Id., carmine.
146**

30 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Mauritius. — We read in the Timbre-Poste that it appears that

the surcharge on the enve-
lopes of 1882, noted in last
month's Record, was also
applied to some of the issue
of 1878.

50 cents, black surcharge on 8 c,
blue ; 1878 issue.

Here is the facsimile of the
envelope noted last month.

Fatiala. — We have before us a new registration envelope for
this state. On a circular stamp on the flap is the inscription
"Patiala State" in two lines of block capitals, measuring respec-
tively 10 J and 7^ x 2 mm. Immediately under the stamp is the
representation of the arms of the country, both surcharges being
black. The face of the envelope has the word " Registered " inside
a lined frame (similar to those used in Germany) to the left, with
an inscribed square for the stamp on the right ; while the centre
has the words " Registered Letter," with an extra large fancy R
at the left, and the inscription, " This letter must be given to an
officer of the Post-office to be registered, and a receipt obtained for
it." There are the usual registration crossed lines, and the linen-lined
envelope bears under the flap the maker's name, Thomas De la Rue
and Co., Patent ; the whole being in blue. Size, 254 x 106 mm.
Registered Envelope. 2 annas, blue.

Tasmania. — Our publishers have shown us a handsome-looking
envelope of the value of Id., printed in red, the design being the
Queen's head on a solid oval of colour, with an engine-turned
outer circle, containing the words, above, " Tasmania Postage,"
and below, " One Penny " ; encircling this is a solid band of
colour bearing a white scollopped ornament. It is embossed in
the right upper corner on white surfaced laid paper, measuring
137 x 79. It has also been struck on wrappers for private use.
Id., vermilion, on white laid paper.

Wurtemburg. — The I.B.J, states that the colour of the
octagonal current, and also that of the official square, wrappers
has been changed from violet to dark green. The dimensions of
the latter, apparently the largest size, is 250 x 140 mm. "Water-
mark and perforations remain as before.

Wrapper. 5 pf., dark green on bluish.
Official Wrapper. 5 pf. , dark green on salmon.

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Xote. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Austria. — The new type has now appeared with the surcharge in
thick black letters " 20 Para 20," printed at the top of the stamp,
for use in the Levant. The dimensions of the card are 140 x 90 mm.
20 paras, black surcharge, on 5 kr., carmine (current type).

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

pARTE POSTAL.E
Union Postale Onii

Reduced size.

Brazil. — An attractive-looking card has been issued here, as will
be seen by our illustration. The card is white, and measures
128 x 80 mm.

80 reis, carmine ; head of Liberty (Postal Union).

British Honduras. — A new variety has appeared,
the 5 cents having been reduced by a black surcharge
to 3 cents. Size, 140 x 88 mm.

3 cents, black surcharge on 5 c, brown on salmon.

Deccan. — Messrs. Ridpath and Co. forward us 2 sub-varieties
of the J anna, orange, on buff card, that appeared in our December
issue of last year. The principal difference is apparently that in
Type I. the two D's of address in the English inscription are joined
by a hyphen. They also forward the same two cards with a large
black surcharge, consisting of a crescent, with star at the base and
native characters in the centre, probably supplying the deficient
announcement of the name of the country.

£ anna, sub-variety 2, with letters d of address joined.

\ „ ,, ,, „ „ ,, and black surcharge.

i ,, ,, 1, without ,, ,, ,, ,, ,,

Denmark. — The Monthly Journal states that the 8 ore letter card
has appeared with a fresh marginal form of instruction, and that the
inscriptions on the reply card have been modified as follows :
Line 3. DANMARK.
„ 4. "Brevkort med forudbetalt Svar."
„ 5. "Carte postale avec reponse payee."
„ 6. The instruction in Danish and French.

10 + 10 ore, carmine on buff; altered inscriptions.
Letter Card. 8 ore, carmine on white, with new form of instruction.

Haiti. — An official card is described by M. Moens as having
been issued here ; it is stampless and primitive. The words
" Administration des Postes d'Haiti " extend along the top in big
Roman capitals, with "Carte Postal" in large, fancy script type
immediately underneath. The letter M, the instruction to write
only on this side, and a square at upper right angle for receipt of
obliteration complete the "design."

Carmine on white ; no value expressed ; for official use.

PHILATELIC GAINS.

Heligoland. — At a recent meeting of the Philatelic Society
some forged cards of this ex-British island were shown, and from
the following notice we hear that a London firm of dealers have
been imposed upon :

"Forged Heligoland Post Cards. — In a large parcel of Heligo-
land Post Cards we recently purchased from a well-known dealer,
it has been discovered that some hundreds of the 3 farthings
(5 pfennig), green with black border, reply, are forgeries. The
forgery can be easily detected, owing to an error in the inscription
on the front, which should read, 'The reverse card is for the answer.'
In the forgeries, however, the 's' and *v' in reverse have changed
places, making it read reserve."

Leeward Islands. — The new cards for the united islands
have now appeared similar in type to all the recent issues.
Id., carmine on salmon.
1 + ld., „
14d. »

ii+i4d. „
New South Wales. — We are informed that "the new 2d.
card was issued to the Post-office in December last, and issued by
that Department to the public on the 1st January."

PHILATELIC GAINS OF 1890,

(Continued from page 17.)

The contents of the following list, not otherwise described, are to be taken
as adhesives. Words in italics point to the particular change in the object
in question, which constitutes it a new variety ; and the page referred to is
that of the twelfth volume of the Philatelic Becord on which the novelty is
described. A note of interrogation indicates that the authenticity is doubtful.

. — 20 reis

Paris-green ; new type ; perf. 13.

Page 51.)

olive-green ,, „

„ 51.)

100

pink , , , ,

' „ 51.)

200

lilac-slate ,, „ !

„ 51.)

300

dark blue ,, ,, (

„ 51.)

500

brick^red ,, ,,

[ „ 51.)

700

violet ,, ,,

( „ 51.)

1000

yellow

„ 51.)

300

slate; perf. 13; 1890 die.

„ 136.)

300

ultramarine ,, „

„ 136.)

100

pink ; imperf.

„ 136.)

100

lilac ; recut die ; perf. 13.

„ 136.)

100

imperf.

„ 136.)

spaper Stamps. 10 reis, pale blue ; new design.

„ 120.)

20 „ Paris-green , ,

' „ 120.)

50 „ olive-green ,, (

„ 120.)

100 „ carmine ,,

„ 120.)

200 „ violet

[ „ 120.)

300 „ deep blue ,,

( „ 120.)

500 „ brick-red „ (

„ 120.)

700 „ violet „

„ 120.)

1000 „ yellow „

: „ 120.)

PHILATELIC GAINS.

'63

Brazil — continued.

Unpaid Letter Stamps. 10reis,carm.-red; new type; unlettered. (Page 51.)

20 „

( „ 51.)

50 J, „ ,, ,,

( „ 51.)

100 „

( „ 51.)

200 „

( „ 51.)

300 „

( „ 51.)

500 „ „ ,, ,,

( „ 51.)

700 „

( „ 51.)

1000 „

( „ 51.)

Envelopes. 300 reis, pink ; white laid paper ; 78 x 139 mm.

(Page 136.)

300 „ „ „ 94x119 mm.

( „ 136.)

Letter Card. 80 „ pink on creamy white.

( n 51.)

British East Africa. — Issue I.

\ a., black, on Id., lilac; on Great Britain stamps.

(Page 153.)

1 a. ,, on 2d., green and red „ ,,
4 a. „ on 5d., lilac and blue ,, ,,

( „ 153.)

Issue II. ia., brown.

4 „

5 „
British Guiana.

1 a., green.

2 a., red.
4 a., light brown.
8 a., blue.

1 rupee, carmine.

2 rupees, brick red.

(Page 153.
(

purple.

blue.

green.

153.)
153.)
153.)
153.)
153.)
192.)
192.)
192.)
( „ 192.)
-1 cent, red surcharge, on 1 dollar, black on green,

Revenue stamp. (Page 136.)

1 ,, ,, on 2 dollars ,, (Page 153.)

1 „ „ on 3 „ „ ( „ 172.)

1 „ „ on 4 „ „ ( „ 172.)

British North Borneo. — With inscriptions altered to "postage" and

"revenue." 8 cents, green. (Page 2.)
10 „ blue. ( „ 2.)
1 c, orange on white ; type II. (Page 154.)

1 c. ,, „ erroi(1) "Postage&Bevenue" ( „ 154.)

(Page 103.)

Post Cards
Bulgaria.

1 stotinki,

2 „

103.)
103.)
103.)
103.)
103.)
103.)
103.)

violet
grey.
3 ,, yellow-brown.
10 ,, red.
15 ,, yellow-bistre.
25 „ dull blue.
30 ,, dark brown.
50 ,, blue-green.
Post Cards. 5 stotinki, green on white ; double impression. (Page 192.)
5 „ „ „ new type. ( „ 192.)

10 ,, red on cream ,, ( „ 192.)

10 + 10 ,, vermilion-red ; black inscription. ( „ 52.)

Canada. 6 cents, chestnut-brown. (Page 205. )

15 „ bright violet. ( „ 67.)

PostCard. 1 cent, grey-green on buff. ( „ 154.)

Cape of Good Hope. — 4d., blue, current type; wmk. " Foul Anchor. "

(Page 154.)

Reg. Envelope. 4d., Size F; inscription "DelaRueS Co." ( „ 154.)

PostCard. l|d., slate-grey on buff; new type. ( „ 103.)

Cashmere. — Current issues. J anna, brown ; on thin laid paper. (Page 28.)

| „ bright red „ „ ( „ 28.)

i „ black „ „ ( „ 28.)

1 » >> >> 55 ( )) 28.)

Reprints. New dies for the £ a., la., and most of the 4 a.

PHILATELIC GAINS.

Cashmere-

-continued.

Circular.

*a.,

Type III., orange on thin native laid paper.

|a.

, vermilion ,, ,,

|a.

, carmine-red ,, ,,

Ira,

. black ,, ,,

§a.

, red on white ,, ,,

|a.

orange ,,

yellow „

1 a.

, blue on native laid paper.

la.

, black on thin native laid paper.

1 a.

, ,, ,, white wove paper.

1 a.,

Typ

3 II. , black on thin yellowish wove.

1 a.

III. , red on white laid paper.

1 a.

IV. (?), yel. on thin yellowish wove pp.

la.

,, white

la.

>j red ,, ,, ,,

•4 a.

II. , black on native laid paper.

4 a,

„ green

4 a.

„ purple

4 a,

I., black on thin yellowish wove paper.

4a,

II. „ ,, white ,,

4 a.

,, blue ,, ,, ,,

4 a.

„ green „

4 a.

„ yellow ,,

4 a.

,, red on white laid.

Page 137.)

„ 137.)

„ 205.)

,, 137.)

„ 137.)

„ 205.)

n 205.)

„ 205.)

„ 205.}

» 205.)

„ 205.)

Rectangular type of 1866 (original die). —
4 a,, orange on native laid papei
4 a., purple

4 a., blue „ ,,

4 a., black ,, ,,

4 a. , orange on thin white wove.
4 a., purple ,, ,,

4 a,, blue ,, ,,

Current type. \ anna, black on white.
1 „ „

Post Cards. J anna, pale orange-red on wove.

(Page 206.

206.)
206.)
206.)
206.)
206.)
206.)
154.)
154.)

(Page 206.)

Ceylon. — 2 c,
2 c.
2 c.

2 c.

3 c.
3 c.
3 c.
3 c,
5 c,

Telegraphs.

Post Cards.

vnthirregtilarinscrip.i „ 206.,

in black, on 4 c, violet-rose ; new type.

,, pink ; new type, icith varieties.
(Two Cents) on 4c, rose; wink. Crown CA.

,, ,, mauve-violet ,,

on 4 c, rose; surch." Postal Commissim.'
mauve- violet

in blue ,, ,,

in black, on 15 c, olive
20 c, on 50 c, blue.
40 c.

60 c, on 1 rupee, red.
SO c, on 2\ „ grey.

wmk. Crown CA.
(Page 172.)
( „ 172.)
( „ 172.)

( „ 172.)

Page 52.)
52.)
120.)
154.)
154.)
154.)
154.)
154.)
104.)

3 c
Registered Envelopes

3 c current type, without word "To" added (/). (Page 192.)

3 c, in black, on 5 c, blue on buff. (

brown on buff. (

new type ; size F. (

,, „ Gr- (

on 10c
15 c, rose
15 c ,,
15 c „
Chamba. — Indian stamps surcharged.
6 annas, yellow-brown.
12 „ Drown on red.
3 „ orange; "Service."
6 „ yellow-brown ; " Service
12 „ brown un red „

(

172.)
172.)
172.)
172.)
172.)

206.)
206.)
154.)
154.)
154.)

PHILATELIC GAINS.

Chamba — continued.

Envelopes. | a., green, 118 x 66 ; surcharged in black & blue.(Pnge 120.)
la., brown „ „ „ „ ( „ 120.)

Colombia. — 1 peso, pink on white; perforated 11 J. (Page 67.)

10 „ black on rose ; inscribed, " Correos nacionales de los ee.
uu. de Colombia." perf. 11. (Page 120.)

2 centavos, red on pink; perf. 13|.
5 „ blue on blue
10 „ brown on yellow
20 „ violet
Cubiertas. — (per Dr. Michelsen). —
10 centavos, blue.
20

(Page 104)

and 11. ( „ 192.)

( „ 28.)

( „ 155.)

(Page 121.)
( „ 121.)
30 „ „ ( „ 121.)

40 „ „ ( „ 121.)

50 „ „ ( „ 121.)

60 „ „ ( „ 121.)

70 „ „ ( „ 121.)

80 „ „ ( „ 121.)

90 „ „ ( „ 121.)

lpeso „ ( „ 121.)

10 centavos, black on rose ; new design. ( „ 137.)
20 „ „ yellow „ ( „ 137.)

30 „ „ orange „ ( „ 137.)

40 „ „ blue „ ( „ 137.)

50 „ „ green „ ( „ 137.)

60 „ yellow on white „ ( „ 137.)

80 „ green „ „ ( „ 137.)

90 „ brown „ „ ( „ 137.)

1 peso, vermilion „ „ ( „ 137.)

Official Cubiertas (different frames).— No value; black on pink. (Page

„ white. (
„ „ yellow. (

„ „ blue. (

Without indication of value, black on white wove (?).(
New type, black on blue wove. (

,, „ „ laidbatonne. (

Envelope. Servicio Postal Ferreo (Railways). 5 c, blk. on pink. (Page
Trial Sheets, etc. (Page 155.)
Post Card. Size increased from 118 x 74 mm. to 129 x 83 mm. (Page

Almaguer (?) 1 c, black on blue ; perf. 11 J. (Page 155.

67.)

192.)

173.)

67.)

2 c. „ rose

5 c. ,, yellow
Antioquia. — Provisionals (?).
2J c, black on pale buff.

155.)
152.)

(Page 173.)

5 c.
10 c.
10 c.
20 c.
50 c,
20 c.
20 c,
50 c,

deep yellow.
,, pale buff*.
„ pale rose
,, deep yellow
chocolate-brown ; new

„ error „
blue ; perf. 13 J.
green ,,

1 peso, vermilion ; perf. 13£.

2 pesos, black on solferino ; perf. 13i.
2 ,, ,, ,, imperf.
5 ,, ,, vermilion ; perf. 13^
5 „ ,, imperf.

Bolivar.— 10 c, mauve (1880) ; divided diagonally for 5 c.
Cauca (?). 5 c, red. (Page 156.)

173.)
173.)
173.)
173.)

.)
174.)
206.)
206.)
206.)
206.)
206.)
206.)
206.)

(Page 121.)

PHILATELIC GAINS.

Santander. 1 centavo, blue ; perf. 13; new type. (Page 7.)

5 centavos, vermilion ; perf. 13 ,, ( „ 73.)

10 „ violet „ „ ( „ 73.)

Tolima. Issue of 1871. —

10 c., bright blue, dull blue on white laid paper. (Page 137.)
10 c., blue on white wove, printed on both sides. ( „ 137.)

1886 issue (2 types). 5 c, brown, yellow-brown ; type 1. (Page 155.)

violet-brown
deep blue

vermilion

New issue.

Cubiertas.

(Page 121.)

5 c.
10 c.
10 c.
IP-.
1 P-
1 c, black on rose.
2 J c. ,, blue.

5 c. ,, yellow

10 c. ,, green

Printed in black.
5 c, black on blue, vellow and red. (Page 121.)
10 c. „ „ „ ( „ 121.)

50 c. „ „ „ ( „ 121.)

Congo. — New type. 10 centimes, carmine ; perf. 15. (Page 28.)
Costa Rica. — Surcharged " Official" in thin capitals.
1 centavo, olive-brown, overprinted in black ; perf. 15

155.)
155.)
155.)
155.)
155.)

121.)
121.)
121.)

2 centavos, blue-green

5 »
10 „
20 „

50 „

Envelopes.

14.
15.
14.
14.
15.

(Page 28.)

28.)
, 28.)
, 28.)
, 28.)
, 28.)
(Page 174.)
( „ 174.)
( „ 174.)

vermilion
brown-red
yellow-green
carmine

5 c, orange on white, 152 x 92 mm. ; new type
10 c, brown-violet on white, 152 x 92 mm. „
Wrapper. 2 c, green on yellowish-grey, 125 x 378 mm.
Post Cards. 2 c, green on buff. (Page 174.)
3 c, carmine „ ( „ 174.)

Guanacaste. — Current type. Surcharged 2 mm. high x 20 mm. wide.
20 c, yellow-green, surcharged in black in Roman capitals. (Page 88.)
50 c, carmine ,, ,, ,, ,, (

1 peso, blue „ „ „ „ (

2 pesos, violet ,, ,, ,, ,, (
5 ,, olive-green ,, ,, ,, ,, (

Current type. Surch. in thin block capitals, 55| mm. high x 18 mm.

1 c, brown ; black surcharge. (Page 121.)

2 c, green, „ ( „ 121.)
5c, orange „ ( „ 121.)

10 c, reddish-brown „ ( „ 121.)

Cuba. — New type ; perf. 14.
Adhesives. \ mil. de peso, light reddish-brown ; inscription

)

88.)

156.)

1 cent, de peso, yellow-brown ; inscription,

2£
5
10

Post Cards. 2

dark blue
blue-green
bronze-green
violet-brown
dark violet
green on buff ;
carmine „

new type.

impkesos. "
Page 52.)
„ 52.)
„ 52.)
» 52.)
„ 52.)
» 52.)

ISLA DE CUBA."

(Page 52.)

„ 52.)

, 52.)

. 52.)

■ 52.)

. 52.)

„ 52.)

• 67.)

PHILATELIC GAINS.

Curacao.— Type with numeral in centre.

% c, green ; perf. 12£. (Page 88.)

3 c, brown „ 13. ( „ 174.)
5 c, pink „ 12£. ( „ 88.)

PostCard. 5 + 5c. , carmine on rose. ( „ 174.)

Denmark. — Letter Card.

4 ore, blue on grey ;
,, 4 „ blue on white

Imperf. (Page 121.)
inscription changed.

(Page 206.]

Dominican Republic. — New issue.
Envelopes. 5 c , blue on white laid.
10 c, orange ,,
20 c, brown ,,
Wrappers. 2 c, carmine on manilla, 240 x 156 mm.
3 c, orange ,, 300x142 ,,

Post Cards. 1 c, green on olive-yellow.
1 + 1 c

5 c, carmine ; perf.
12£ c, grey

Page 121.)
121.)
121.)
121.)
121.)
121.)
121.)
156.)
156.)

Type with

Dutch Indies.— (?) Postal Envelopes dated 1794 to 1809.
numerals. (Page 138.)

Egypt. — Envelopes. Circular design.

1 millieme, brn. on azure laid; wmk.,"PostesEgyptiennes"; 108x 71mm.

(Page 4.)

2 inilliemes, green ,, „ ,, ,, ,, ( „ 4.)
5 ,, carmine-red ,, s, ,, ,, size 120 x 95 mm.,

145 x 121 mm. (Page 53.)

Envelope Letters. 5 milliemes, carmine-red on drab ; size 120 x 95 mm.,

120 x84 mm. (Page 53.)

1 piastre, blue on stout light blue wove ; 121 x 94 mm.

(Page 4.)
Farldkot. —
| anna, green ; on thick wove paper, not ruled in squan

1 paisa „
Native type.

; type 2.
1 paisa, blue-green
1 , , red

perf. 12

1 ,, black ,,

1 ,, green; imperforate.

1 >, blue „

1 „ red „

1 ,, black „

2nd type. 1 folus, yellow; perf. 12|

oblong.
3rd type. 1 folus, ultramarine ; perf.

type 2.

(Page 207.)
( „ 207.)
( „ 4.)
( „ 4.)
( „ 4.)
( „ 4.)
( „ 4.)
( „ 4.)
( „ 4.)

and imperf. ; small
(Page 29.)

12^ ; small oblong.

Finland. — 2 penni, grey ; perf. 12J ; new type.
5 „ green

10 ,, rose ,, ,,

20 ,, yellow
1 mark, grey and rose ,, ,,

5 marks, green ,, ,, ,,

Envelopes. New design.
20 penni, yellow on white laid paper ; 150 x 85 mm.
20 ,, orange ,, ,, 153x120 „

25 „ blue „ „ 150 x 85 „

25 „ „ „ „ 153+120 „

Post Card. 10 penni, rose on white.
„ 10 + 10 „ ,, cream.

„ 10 „ ,, (Retour-kort) rose on white.

(Page 29.)

29.)
29.)
29.)
29.)
156.)
156.)

88.)
139.)

88.)
139.)
122.)
139.)
139.)

THILATELIC GAINS.

France. 50 c, carmine on pink. (Page 104.)

75 a, black on orange. ( ,, 193.)

50 c, rose, surcharged u 2 Piastres 2," in black. (Pase 156.)
Post Card. 10 c. black on buff. (Page 139.)
Pneumatic Post Envelope. 60 c. , carmine on lilac. (Page 122. )
French Colonies. Diego Suarez. —
Colonial type. Surcharged 15 c. in violet on 1 c, black on grey. (Page 175.)

Xew design.

15 c. ,, 5 c, green. (

15 c. ,, 10 c, black on lilac. (

15 c. ,, 25 c, black on rose. (

15 c. in blue on 20 c, brick on green. (

1 c, black. (Page 194.)

5 c. „ ( „ 194.)

15 c. „ ( „ 194.)

25 c. „ ( „ 194.)

175.)

122.)

53.)

Gibraltar. —

Xew type. 75 centimos, olive-green ; wruk. Crown CA ; pert". 14. (Page 53.)

25 centimos on 2icL, blue, variety, short i. ( „ 122.)

25 „ 2d., brown „ ,, ( „ 139.)

25 „ 2d., brown „ defective N. ( „ 139.)

Res:. Env. 20 centimos on 2d., blue; issue of 1S56; sur. in black; Size F.

(Page 30.)
20 centimos, red : Sizes G and K. (Pase 30.)
20 „ red; Size H2. ( „ 53.)

Reply Post Cards. 5-5 centimos, green on buff. (Page SS.)
10-10 „ carmine on buff. ( „ 88.)
15-15 „ brown on buff. ( „ 88.)

Gold Coast. —

Post Card.

Reg. Envelope,
Great Britain. —

Type of May 1st. 1862

id., green on buff ;type of adhesives\
2d. , blue and black ; size G.

(Page 194.
( „ 194.)

3d.,

Type of April 1st, 1S73
New type

carmine (type 1S62) ; wmk. Emblems on
stout azure paper : perf. 14. (Page 104.)
6d.. lisrht vellow-brown, Plate 13 : wmk. Sprav ;
perf.' 14. (Page 104.)
10d.. purple and red ; wmk. " Crown " ; perf. 14. (Page 53.
Is., green (1557). overprinted "govt, parcels.''' (Page 65.)
5d., lilac and blue ; surcharged SO paras, black (for Levant

Post Office). (Page 175.)
Id., ultramarine ; South Kensington issue (not issued, em-
bossed, octagonal die;. (Page 123.)

Wrapper.

Post Card, Jubilee issue.
Telegraph Stamps.

Telegraph Forms.

lOd.

(Page 175.)

10- Id.

( ,

, 175.)

10- UA.

( ,

. 175.

10- 2d.

( ,

. 175.)

10 + 2id.

( ,

. 175.)

10- 3d.

( ,

. 175.)

10- 4d.

( •

, 175.)

10- 6d.

( ,

. 175.)

10-rlOd.

••

10- 1..

•

. 175.

Id., red- brown on white laid (printed to order .

(Pase 207. )
Id., carmine on buff. (Page 104.)
6d., slate-grey ; Plate t ; wmk. Spray of Rose.

(Page 139.)
Is., green, round stamp, on white laid paper.

(Page 157.)
10d., pale blue on bright yellow wove paper.

(Page 207.)
To be continued.)

CONVEYANCE OF SINGLE POST LETTERS BY RAILWAY.

CONVEYANCE OF SINGLE POST LETTERS
BY RAILWAY.

The following official notice denotes a somewhat striking innovation :

Those Kail way Companies which have entered into an agreement for the
purpose with the Postmaster- General, and of which a list is appended,
will on and after the 1st February next accept and convey by the next
available Train or Steamship single Inland Post Letters, not exceeding
One Ounce in Weight, either to be called for at the Station of Address,
or to be transferred there to the nearest Post Office Letter Box, for
delivery by Postman, under the conditions and regulations set forth below :

1. Every Letter intended for transmission as a Railway Letter must
be taken to a Passenger Station of the Railway Company over whose
line it is to be sent, and tendered, during such hours as the Station is
open to the public, to a servant of the Railway Company in the Parcel
Booking Office, or, if that Office be closed, in the Passenger Booking
Office. No such Letter can be accepted at a Post Office, or by an Officer
of the Post Office.

2. Upon every Railway Letter a fee of 2d. in addition to postage at
the ordinary rate of Id. for a Letter not exceeding one ounce, will be
charged. The total charge of 3d. will defray the whole cost of trans-
mission. No servant of a Railway Company will be entitled to make a
further charge on the delivery of a Railway Letter, nor any servant of
the Post Office, unless it should be discovered to have been accepted
contrary to the regulations of the Post Office.

3. Before a Railway Letter can be accepted by a servant of a Railway
Company, the sender must affix to the cover, in the same way as to an
ordinary post letter, a postage stamp (or stamps) of the value of Id.
which should, on acceptance of the Letter, be obliterated by the rail-
way servant, and must in addition pay to such servant the sum of 2d. in
cash, no more and no less. The railway servant will affix and obliterate an
adhesive label issued by the Railway Company. This label will simply
indicate that the sum of 2d. has been paid to the Railway Company.

List of Railway Companies which have agreed to accept and convey
Railway Letters under the above conditions.

England, Wales, and Scotland.

Aylesbury and Buckingham.

Ayrshire and Wigtownshire.

Barry Dock and Railways.

Brecon and Merthyr Tydvil Junction.

Caledonian.

Cambrian.

Central "Wales and Carmarthen June.

Cheshire Lines Committee.

City of Glasgow Union.

Cleator and Workington Junction.

Cockermouth, Keswick, and Penrith.

Colnc Valley and Halstead.

East and West Junction.
Eastern and Midlands.
Furness.

Garstang and Knot End.
Glasgow and South- Western.
Great Eastern.
Great North of Scotland.
Great Northern.
Great Western.
Highland.

Hull, Barnsley, and West Riding
Railway and Dock.

CONVEYANCE OF SINGLE POST LETTERS BY RAILWAY.

Lancashire and Yorkshire.
Liverpool, Southport, and Preston

Junction.
London and North -Western.
London and South- Western.
London, Brighton, and South Coast.
London, Chatham, and Dover.
London, Tilbury, and Southend.
Macclesfield Committee.
Manchester and Milford.
Manchester, Sheffield, & Lincolnshire.
Manchester, South Junction, and

Altrincham.
Maryport and Carlisle.
Midland.

Neath and Brecon.
Northampton and Banbury Junction.
North British.
North-Eastern.

North London.

North Staffordshire.

Oldham, Ashton-under-Lyne, and

Guide Bridge Junction.
Pembroke and Tenby.
Portpatrick and Wigtownshire

Railways Joint Committee.
Rhondda and Swansea Bay.
Rhyniney.

Seacombe, Hoylake, and Dee Side.
Severn and Wye and Severn Bridge.
Sheffield and Midland Railway

Companies' Committee.
South-Eastern.
Southwold.
Taff Vale.
West Lancashire.
Wrexham, Mold, and Connah's Quay.

Ireland.

Great Northern.

Great Southern and Western.

Kanturk and Newmarket.

Kilkenny Junction.

Limerick and Kerry.

Midland Great Western.

Rathkeale and Newcastle Junction.

Sligo, Leitrim, & Northern Counties.

Southern.

Tralee and Fenit.

Waterford and Central Ireland.

Waterford and Limerick.

Waterford and Tramore.

Waterford, Dungarvan, and Lismore.

West Clare.

West Donegal.

Athenry and Ennis Junction.

Athenry and Tuam.

Ballycastle.

Belfast and County Down.

Belfast and Northern Counties.

Cavan, Leitrim, & Roscommon Light

Railway and Tramway Company.
Clara and Banagher.
Clogher Valley Tramway Company.
Cork, Bandon, and South Coast.
Cork, Blackrock, and Passage.
Deny, Central.

Dublin, Wicklow, and Wexford.
Dundalk, Newry, and Greenore.
Enniskillen, Bundoran, and Sligo.
Fermoy and Lismore.
Finn Valley.

It is obvious that there are some advantages to be gained by the
public from this newT " rapid delivery " system. In the metropolis and
large cities with deliveries every other hour, as in remote county dis-
tricts with one or perhaps two daily posts, it will not help letter-
writers much ; but, on the other hand, to dwellers in the smaller towns,
and populated districts within a reasonable distance from each other,
with a good train service, it is possible that some benefit may accrue.
Business letters of length and importance, that have hitherto been neatly
smuggled in a brown paper environment as parcels, may now pass freely,
and the casual person — whose name is legion — who starts on a journey
and forgets some paper or letter, can now receive it by next train.
There is one class that may very largely avail itself of the privilege,
i.e., the Press. To the reporters and disseminators of news it should be
invaluable, and rejoice the heart of many an editor at the thought of the
economy he is effecting in reducing his press telegraphic expenses. We
do not, however, think that the general public will largely avail them-
selves of the new system until the delivery is included.

It will be seen that the usual postage of Id. per ounce is to be paid
by stamp as usual, and that the Railway Companies are entitled to
charge another 2d. for the extra rapid transit. Unless the message is
prepaid by a postage stamp, it could not be sent and taken alone : the

DINNER TO MR. A. H. WILSON. 41

label affixable by the Railways lias no franking value. It seems to us,
therefore, that these labels can hardly come under the designation of
Postage Stamps, but are merely a receipt or acknowledgment on the
part of the Companies that they have contracted with the sender, by-
sanction of the Government, to forward his letter alone, instead of
placing it with the usual mail bags. The question is one that will
admit of considerable difference of opinion ; but as the idea of the
starry-issuing capabilities of the railways of the world is enough to
freeze the philatelic marrow of the boldest collector extant, we are
emboldened to hope that they may not be deemed worthy of inclusion
in the philatelic pale.

DINNER TO MR. A, H, WILSON,

As foreshadowed in our last number, the general feeling of friendship
and respect for Mr. Alexander Wilson, of the firm of Pemberton,
Wilson, and Co., culminated in a dinner given to him by his friends
at the Criterion on Wednesday, the 18th of this month. Mr. T.
K. Tapling, the Vice-President of the London Philatelic Society,
occupied the chair, and was supported among collectors by Messrs.
Bacon, Bigge, Castle, Garth, Redman, W. T. Wilson, among dealers
by Messrs. Buhl, Cheveley, Giwelb, Hanson, Phillips, and by a numerous
gathering of friends of the guest of the evening in both sections of
buyers and sellers. Letters of apology for inability to attend were
read from Herr von Ferrary, the Earl of Kingston, Mr. Philbrick,
M. Maury, and others.

The Vice-President in proposing the loyal toasts felicitously referred
to the recent election of his H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh to the
Presidency of the Philatelic Society of London, an allusion that
invoked an enthusiastic reception. In proposing the toast of the
evening Mr. Tapling referred in eloquent terms to the services
rendered to Philately by Mr. Wilson during his long connection with
stamps and their collectors, and enunciated the statement, that in all
the course of his numerous and important dealings with Mr. Wilson
he had never had cause to look back with regret on any single
transaction. The cheers that greeted this observation showed that
those present fully coincided with this high meed of praise ; and
were further corroboration needed, we could endorse it ourselves, as
in the course of transactions extending over fourteen years we have
found Mr. Wilson's integrity as a business man only equalled by his
knowledge as a Philatelist. Mr. Wilson's reply — feeling, appropriate,
and appreciative of the assistance he had received from the Vice-
President and many others — was exceedingly well received, and revealed
a vein of eloquence that had hitherto lain unsuspected by his most
intimate friends.

The arrangements for the dinner, carried out by the committee,
consisting of Messrs. Bacon, Buhl, Castle, Garth, and Phillips, were
excellent ; and we are sure that hosts and guest separated with the
conviction that the kindly feeling that prompted this meeting had
achieved a happy result.

42 PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON.

PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON,

Honorary President — H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., &c.

COMMITTEE FOR THE YEAR 1890-91.

President — F. A. Philbrick, Q.C.

Vice-President— T. K. Tapling, M. P.

Secretary — D. Garth. Assistant- Secretary— J '. A. Tilleard.

Treasurer and Librarian — C. N. Biggs.

E. D. Bacox. A. W. Chambers.

M. P. Castle. Dr. C. W. Vixer.

The seventh meeting of the season 1890-91 was held at the Salisbury Hotel,
Fleet Street, on Friday, the 9th January, 1891, at 7.30 p.m., fifteen
members being present, including the Vice-President in the chair. After
the confirmation of the minutes of the last meeting, the Secretary reported
the receipt for the Society's library of a bound volume of the Monthly Journal
from StaDley, Gibbons, Limited, which he was requested to acknowledge
with the thanks of the Society. Mr. C. J. Daun, proposed by the Vice-
President, and seconded by Mr. Bacon, and Mr. C. Geldard, proposed by
the Vice-President, and seconded by Mr. A. H. Wilson, were duly elected
members of the Society. The Secretary then read a paper on the first
issues of the stamps of India, containing much valuable and novel infor-
mation, particularly in relation to the 4 annas stamp. In the course of the
discussion which ensued on the reading of the paper, the Vice-President
announced that he was preparing a paper on the same subject, which he
proposed to read at a subsequent meeting. On the motion of the Vice-
President, seconded by Mr. Castle, a cordial vote of thanks was accorded
to Mr. Garth for his most interesting paper, which with his permission it
was proposed to publish in the Society^ work on the stamps of India and
Ceylon. Mr. Castle in a few appropriate remarks expressed the gratifi-
cation of the members at the presence of Mr. Burnett at this meeting, and
referred in fitting terms to the valuable services rendered by Mr. Burnett
during his term of office as secretary of the Society.

The eighth meeting of the season was held at the Salisbury Hotel on
Friday, the 23rd January, 1891, at 7.30 p.m., and was attended by sixteen
members and one visitor. The chair was taken by the Vice-President, and
the minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed. The Secretary
reported that Mr. TV. T. Wilson had presented to the Society's library the
first four reports of the Postmaster-General for the years 1855 to 1858, and
was requested to acknowledge the books with the thanks of the Society.
Mr. T. G. Nicholson, proposed by Mr. Rossiter, and seconded by Mr.
Castle, was elected a member of the Society. The revision of the Society's
reference list of the stamps of British India was proceeded with and
adjourned.

'Farta,

A paragraph has recently travelled the usual round among the many
journals, who are more eager for " news " than anxious for accuracy, that
a well-known collector across the Channel is possessed of a "koh-i-
noor of stamps" that has cost its owner the trifling amount of £2000 !
This rara avis must indeed be as unique as the price paid ; but it may
be that franks or marks have been taken for golden presentments of
Her Majesty, as happened to a leading London journal in its comments
on the recent Philatelic Exhibition !

VARIA. 48

Those who have read that charming work of the late Charles Dickens,
Our Mutual Friend, will remember the amiable golden dustman, Mr.
Boffin. An enterprising antipodean contemporary has lately unearthed
his Philatelic prototype. It appears that this gentleman, whilst per-
forming the necessary, if unsavoury, functions that appertain to his
office — so long since as 1850, conceived the idea of removing all the
stamps on letters that he found amongst the household debris, and to
this day has continued the practice, the moral being added that " the
auction value of this would amount to a considerable sum." " Curiously
enough " he conceived the notion of having clean specimens also of the
humble stamps he found clad in dust and ashes ; and so unerring was
his Philatelic foresight, that he bought and preserved to this day such
unconsidered trifles as sheets of the earliest issues of Victoria, including
even an entire sheet of the first issue 2d., violet, with fine borders and
background, which, our informant says, would realise alone a great
value. He is correct in this ! In the interests of Philately let us hope
the golden dustman may be able to help us in our too scant acquaint-
ance with the early Victorians, and thus acquire the additional soubriquet
of the Golden Philatelist.

* * *

It seems probable that this year may produce considerable alterations
in the international postal rates, and we trust with no redundant result
as far as new postal issues are concerned. We understand that the
British Postmaster-General has written to the representatives of the
Australasian, South African, and Canadian Colonies, inviting them to
take part in the International Postal Convention to be held in Vienna
next May. Mr. Eaikes expresses the hope that those Colonies which are
still unrepresented in the Postal Union will see their way on this occasion
to join, more particularly as the postage between Great Britain and her
dependencies has now been reduced to the uniform rate fixed by the
Union. The communication in question further informs the Colonial
representatives that the desire expressed by some of their Governments
that each Colony should be allowed a vote cannot be acceded to, and the
Colonies are reminded that even such large countries as India and the
United States are content with a single vote each. It is therefore
necessary- that the decision arrived at on this subject by the Lisbon
Convention, 1886, should be adhered to.

* * *

It may interest collectors to know, as showing the value of " special-
ising," that a leading London dealer recently purchased a very fine
collection of Mexico for £325, and also an unusually complete assem-
blage of Philippines for £550, the property of a well-known member
of the Philatelic Society. Among the " best things " were some 240
specimens of the 1854-5 issue, including many fine shades and varieties,
and the four complete plates. The same firm has also purchased the
Colonial collection of another prominent member for a large sum — not
too large, considering the beauty of the specimens.

* * *

We are glad to read in the organ of the Berlin Philatelic Club that
Dr. Kalckhoff, one of its prominent members, has taken away a
favourable impression of the London Philatelic Society, whose guest
he was a short time since. In giving an account of the evening's
proceedings, he makes mention of Mr. Tapling's splendid collection of
the Cape of Good Hope, the study of which happened to be that
avening's work.

44 NOTES AND QUERIES.

The sale of Mr. W. A. S. Westoby's collection of English stamps and
envelopes on the 14th of this month, by Messrs. Cheveley and Co.,
attracted a fair assemblage of collectors. We should imagine on the
whole that the owner must have been well satisfied with the estimate
placed upon his philatelic treasures by the purchasers. As is usually
and unfortunately the case in this country, the envelopes and cards
were sold at prices not at all commensurate with their scarcity ; but
en revanche the imperforate specimens and better known rare adhesives
changed hands at high prices. The highest figure attained was for the
3d., small letters, plate 3, with secret mark, unused and imperf., which,
after a keen competition, changed ownership at £38, and was un-
doubtedly well sold.

liotes ana (Sltterus*

R. N., Dresden. — "We must congratulate you upon having submitted
to our inspection an interesting sheet of stamps. It is seldom that
novelties, or rather discoveries, among the English colonial stamps hail
from the Vaterland.

New South Wales, 2d., Plate II., on narrow vertically-ribbed paper.
This is a rather uncommon variety of paper either on this or any other
plate, but it is no novelty. It is in no sense papier verge, and may be
due only to imperfect milling.

Victoria, 3d., blue, beaded oval ; imperf. This is also no novelty,
although your specimen is fairly satisfactory as to margin.

Queensland, 2d., blue ; " wmk. flower." This is only the fleuron that
we believe is found on the border of the sheet.

New Zealand, 6d., lilac-blue; "imperf." This stamp may exist,
although we have never come across it in a convincing state. Your
specimen may be imperf., but we have seen perforated stamps of this
country with double the margin that yours has. A pair would be
better.

Ditto, 6d., lilac-blue ; perf. 10 x 12^ or 13. This is apparently quite
genuine. It is a scarce stamp as a minor variety.

Ditto, 2d., current issue. The flaw on the face is simply a defect in
printing.

Ditto, £d., rose ; wmk. " Stamp Duty." This again is but the water-
mark at the edge of the sheet.

Tasmania, 4d., blue ; wmk. numeral (1858), rouletted. There are
2^ points at the top only of the stamp ; but without saying that these
oases in the desert are not good, we can find nothing exactly corres-
ponding among our own stamps.

South Australia, ^d., mauve ; type of and used with the wrapper of
like value. This is probably only a cut specimen of the latter. The
stamp, perf. 12, is chronicled in Oceania.

The five other stamps submitted by you will be notified in the
" Novelties " in this or the succeeding numbers, as space permits.

W. D., Beckton. — As you are aware, there have been some changes
in connection with this journal. Will you kindly forward the Saxony
stamp, and we will examine and compare it with others ?

Theodor Buhl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

2to ptilat^lijj ^to\[l

Vol. XIII. MARCH, 1891. No. 147.

UR somewhat laborious task of chronicling the many

and varied new issues of the year 1890 finishes with

our next number, and, as will be seen, extends over

seventeen or eighteen pages of small type. Adopting this

as our text, we propose to " draw a few conclusions "

therefrom. The older school of collectors can well

recollect the time when the idea of anything but a

universal collection scarce entered into the minds of stamp

collectors. The champions of the " middle ages " of Philately also

mx. XT T call to mind the dim forebodings — raised by the ever-
The New Issues #> & J

of the last increasing influx of novelties — that neither time,
three years. energVj or money could keep pace with the flowing
tide of varieties. One by one these quondam champions of the
old style abandoned parts of their collection, until now-a-days we
find but an occasional Croesus who can still revel in the philatelic
riches of the five continents. Until this idea of specializing was
promulgated, gloomy forebodings as to the future of Philately
were entertained, the predominant feeling amongst collectors some
ten years since being, that crushed under the weight of new issues
the pursuit would dwindle down. As so often happens, however,
the necessity for action produced the remedy — sometimes, as in
this case, drastic, but none the less efficacious. The limitation of
collection will prove to have been the salvation of Philately as a
science, and to the individual collector a protection against the
necessity for securing all the new issues that are prompted by the
venality of Governments, or the speculations of Post-office officials
and dealers. We have approximately totalled up the stamps issued
by certain countries, as chronicled in the Philatelic Gains of the
Record for the years 1888, 1889, and 1890, and, to our mind,
they are instructive as emphasizing the action of philatelists during

46 THE NEW ISSUES OF THE LAST THREE YEARS.

recent years in collecting only what they choose, and not what
others elect for them.

Ceylon has issued over forty varieties during this period — more
than the mother country — and has for several years preceding
flooded the market with varieties of surcharge. Despite changes
of currency and postal rates, there can be no reasonable doubt
that the continual and needless varieties have some other raison
d'etre — better known perhaps at Colombo than here. We would
that some energetic M.P., with a taste for Postal Reform, would
seek information as to the powers of local postmasters to issue
fresh varieties, with a pertinent inquiry at head-quarters, whether
the multiplication of varieties does not tend to decrease the
difficulties of the forgers, and whether there is any source of
profit or, on the contrary, expense to the respective postal
authorities in the continued additional overprinting of the original
dies. Verbum sap.

The French colonies are, as we all know, notorious offenders ;
and while the Republic itself has philatelically slumbered with but
three stamps per year, the enterprising gentlemen who conduct the
colonial Post-offices have continued to produce a total of one
hundred and twenty varieties during the three years. Excepting
the ephemeral, partially (and justly) cremated Diego-Suarez stamps,
almost if not all these varieties have been produced by the
surcharger's "artful aid." Were the volume of trade from, disons,
Nossi-Be, Reunion, New Caledonia, and Diego-Suarez, com-
mensurate with their postal issues, the French nation might well
receive our congratulations on the fact that their hitherto dormant
powers of colonization were at last showing some evidence of life.

The worst offenders of all, however, are the South and Central
American so-called Republics, where nature has apparently trans-
mitted her volcanic tendency to the indigenous races, and where
insurrections, rebellions, and "repudiations" succeed each other
with a mushroom rapidity. Chili, Paraguay, and Ecuador have been
fairly quiescent as to new issues, and others have not — viewed
from a South American point of view — been guilty of over-issue ;
but an average of, say, ten years would include most of them
within the pale of collectors' displeasure. During the last three
years Costa Rica, Argentine, and Nicaragua have each issued about
fifty varieties ; Brazil and Salvador about sixty respectively ; and
Colombia and its component States over 120, making a total
of some four hundred new stamps, irrespective of shades and

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 47

sub-varieties, for the exploitation of the unwary collector. There
is no tribunal of appeal against this abuse of postal "necessities,"
and collectors can only defend themselves by abstaining from
taking the new issues. Were we ourselves trying to ride the
whirlwind of South American collecting, we should be content
with the 1 centavos of each speculative new issue, with the legend
Ab wno disce omnes, and a list of all the higher values.

A perusal of our Novelties for the month will show that this
flood is increasing in volume under the new system of yearly con-
tracts ; and we cordially endorse the advice given in the American
Journal of Philately to wait a few months, when the "remainders"
will be on offer at a price commensurate with their worth.

We do not see that any practical good is to be attained by Anti-
surcharge Associations or such-like, the matter being rather one
that each collector must decide according to his own judgment.
If the general body of Philatelists will abstain from buying these
new issues at face value, or anything approximate to it, they will
save their pockets, and tend- to discourage these speculative issues.
All those who have any influence in their respective countries
should endeavour to place before their Governments the discredit
that must attach to such proceedings, and hope that the steady
force of public opinion may in the end produce the desired result.

ADHESIVBS.

Afghanistan. — Major Evans reports having found the one
abassi of 1881 on ordinary white laid paper, similar to that of the
preceding issues, also "the second type of the same stamp in
carmine, on the usual white laid bdtonne paper, struck on the same
sheet as the first type."

1 abassi, carmine-lake, on white laid paper.

1 ,, carmine (Type of 1889), on white laid bdtonne paper.

Argentine Republic. — The Stamj? Neios presages the cheerful
information that high values of 1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 pesos are in
preparation !

147*

48 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Austria. — We find on examining our specimens surcharged for
use in the Levant, that while the perforation for the 3, 5, and 10 kr.
gauges 10, that of the 20 kr. measures 13, and of the 50 kr. 12 J.

Bavaria. — The 2 marks has made its appearance, says the
Philatelist, with the watermark of vertical undulating lines.
2 marks, orange ; watermark vertical luavy lines ; perf. 15.

Bolivia. — The set of four values of the perforated set noted in
our January number has now received the accession of a higher
value. 100 c, yellow ; perf. 12.

Brazil. — We hear of the 200 reis of the current type printed
on different paper, per the Monthly Journal.

200 r., purple, on thick wove paper.

British East Africa. — Illustration here-
with of the higher values previously described.

British Honduras. — Our publishers have
shown us two specimens of the 10 cents on
4 pence, mauve, with the London overprinting,
the surcharged numeral being barred out, and a
large Eoman figure 6 being substituted. We
should be glad of confirmatory evidence of the
authenticity of this before full acknowledgment of its claims.

British South Africa. — Our publishers send us copies of this
recent issue surcharged, stating " that they were required at once,
owing to the new postal rates." The surcharge consists of large
fancy numerals roughly occupying a space of 13 mm. square, and
is printed in black. We trust that the Afrikanders will now be
in a position to enjoy another of the advantages, before alluded
to, of European civilization !

|d., black surcharge on 6d., blue.

2d. ,, „ ,,

4d. ,,

8d. ,, ,, Is., brown.

Congo. — The 10 francs has been issued similar in appearance
to the other values. 10 francs, ochre ; perf. 15.

Fiji. — Another fresh surcharge has to be chronicled here, this
time on the 2d., green. It consists of the figures " 2£ " and the
letter "d" in Egyptian type, printed in black, and measuring in
width 13 mm. by about 5 in height.

2|d. on 2d., green ; perf. 10.

Gold Coast. — We hear of the new Postal Rate value, like the
others, bi-coloured.

2|d., blue and orange ; wmk. C A and Cr. ; perf. 14.

Haiti. — The provisional 2 c. is to have a short life apparently,
for we hear from several quarters of a new design for this value.
A decidedly martial appearance is attained by making the central
design to consist of all the panoply of war gathered under the
shade of a palm tree.

2 c, blue on white paper ; perf. 13-.V.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Hongkong'. — This colony, or rather British settlement, has
just arrived at its first jubilee, having been founded in 1841, and
the exuberance of its rejoicings thereat has
apparently even permeated its postal system, as
we find the following otherwise mysterious an-
nouncement on the current issue: "1841, Hong
Kong, Jubilee, 1891." The surcharge is in black,
and in four lines in the order given ; the first and
last in thin numerals, measuring 8£ mm. in length
by 3 in height ; the second in thin Egyptian
type, 15 x 2 mm. ; and the third in thin block capitals, 15x3 mm.
We are informed that it was in use for three days only. Let us
hope this may be so, and that the good Hongkong folks then
ceased to "enthuse," or we may be inundated with the like
curiosities. 2 c. , pink, with Jubilee Announcement.

India. — A provisional has also been called forth
for "Our Empire" by the recent regulations. It is
the current 4 annas and 6 pies that has been sur-
charged in black 2 \ as., the numerals being about
4J mm. high, and the whole inscription about
12 mm. wide.

2^ as., black surcharge on 6 as. 8 pies, green ; wmk. star ;
perf. 14.

Italy. — The 2 c, brown, newspaper stamp of the 1863 issue
has been shown to us with the voided spaces in the angles, but
without the surcharge of Estero that accompanies the stamp when
thus printed. The 1 c. has been long known in a similar condition,
but so far as we are aware this has not hitherto been chronicled.
2 c, brown, 1863 issue of Estero series with the surcharge omitted.

We have also seen the like value of the ordinary issue, sent to
us by Mr. M. Giwelb, in an imperforate state.

2 c, brown, 1863 issue ; imperforate.

The Timbre-Poste announces the issue of a provisional 20 c.
achieved by surcharging the current 5 c. with the effigy of King
Humbert. Rather a dangerous method of quadrupling the face
value ! 20 c, black surcharge, on 5 c, current issue.

Martinique. — In addition to the varieties chronicled in the
February Record we now note the following trifling additions to
the French colonial surcharges.

05 c.

on 20 c

red on green.

05 c.

on 30 c.

brown.

05 c.

on 35 c.

black on yellow

05 c.

on 40 c.

red.

15 c.

on 20 c.

red on green.

15 c.

on 75 c.

carmine.

Mexico. — Chiapas. — A very interesting discovery has been
made in the scarce issue of this province. The primitive-looking
oblong label, consisting of a broken ornamental border containing

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

the inscription "cor-reos, me-xico," with the value 2 reales, is
doubtless familiar to our readers through the facsimiles in the
catalogues. For many years this was the sole value known, but
a year or two since a specimen with the value 4 reales was found
by Messrs. Pemberton, Wilson, and Co. Our publishers have
now received from Mr. G. T. Koster the 1 real and a fraction of
a stamp showing the inscription 8 reales. Both these stamps are
on original letters, and have come direct from the hands of a large
commercial house in Mexico. They bear the postmark "Tuxtla"
in large script letters, in each case more than sufficing to cover the
face of the stamp ; and after a careful examination both of the
stamps and the conditions under which they are brought to light,
we are fain to agree with our publishers that their authenticity
should be undoubted. The "find" consisted of one of the 4 reales
(already known to exist), a pair of the un real, and what is, alas !
but a vulgar fraction of the 8 reales.

Un real (1), black on green.

Ocho reales (8), black on pink.

New South Wales. — The unpaid letter or, as
now designated, Postage Due stamps, have made
their appearance for this colony. We have not yet
seen the "real insect"; they much resemble the
U.S. unpaids, as will be seen by the illustration,
and are all printed in green.

Postage Due ; wmk N.S.AV. ; perf. 10.
Id.
2d.
3d.
4d.
6d.
8d.

5s. ,,

10s.
£1.

We illustrate the provisionals described last month

New Zealand. — The following interesting announcement we
take from the Federal Australian Philatelist :

"We are indebted to the courtesy of Mr. H. J. Knowles,
of Wellington, the secretary of the ISTew Zealand Philatelic
Society, for a sight of a most interesting thing; viz., an unused
specimen of the 3d., first type, on pelure paper. This stamp

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 51

has never before been chronicled, and is probably of the greatest
rarity. The specimen is printed in the peculiar brown-lilac shade
of the locally-printed imperforate stamps on the star watermarked
paper. Doubtless those in bright violet were printed by Perkins,
Bacon, and Co., and sent out with the plate, and the stamp under
review was printed along with the other values on pelure paper
in 1863 ; and the fact that the English printed stock was not
exhausted at the time of the arrival of the fresh supply of star
watermarked paper will account for its rarity. The discovery
of this variety is strong proof of the field of research yet open to
our New Zealand friends. Mr. Knowles knows of another
specimen which is also unused."

The Record of September, 1889, contained a very interesting
paper on the New Zealand stamps, by the late Mr. John Davis,
of the Postage Stamp Department, Wellington, in which he states
that the stamps on the provisional and local papers were printed
in 1862 and 1863. The Threepenny value, printed in bright
violet, is supposed to have arrived early in 1863, and it is therefore
quite within the bounds of probability that, only a limited number
of these having been sent, out, they were exhausted before the
existing supply of pelure paper, and that, in the colonial printing
of the brown lilac-mauve a few sheets of the thin paper were
used in addition to the star watermarked supply sent out by
Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, and Co. Mr. Bassett Hull is a philatelist
whose judgment we value so highly that we at once place the
stamp on the list, while endorsing from our own experience his
dictum as to the wide field of research invited by the stamps of
this country. 3d., brown-lilac (iniperf.) on pelure paper.

Our publishers have received a specimen of the Insurance
Department stamps. The central design is a lighthouse on the
sea-shore, the light flashes of which bear the words " State " and
" Security " respectively to left and right. A fancy-shaped solid
frame of colour, doubled at the top to admit of the inscription,
makes the stamp an irregular rectangle, with projecting circular
corners. The inscription is — at top, " Government Life Insurance ";
at base, "Department"; to right, "Postage"; to left, the value in
words ; while the letters " n. z. " and the numeral of value twice
repeated fill up the projecting curved angles. They bear the
usual watermark and perforation, nor does the paper vary from the
ordinary issue. As is so frequently and regretably the case with
Australian stamps, a good design has been spoilt by inefficient
execution.

Insurance Department Stamps ; wmk. small star ; per/. 11 J.
^d., purple. 2d., red-brown. 6d., green.

Id., blue. 3d., chocolate. Is., rose-pink.

The new 2Jd. that we announced last month has now come to
hand, and to our humble judgment is not "a thing of beauty."
The design consists of Her Majesty's portrait, to left, in widow's
weeds, apparently suffering from a royal swollen face, and a diminu-

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

tive crown that is gently glissading away from the head. In the
npper angles there is an attempt to depict a seascape that leaves a
huge field for the imagination, and is not in keeping with the rest
of the design. The execution is worse than the design. Our philatelic
friends in New Zealand should endeavour to imbue their postal
authorities with the conviction that the useful and the beautiful
may be combined. We should add to the description already
given, that the watermark is a small star, and the perforation
gauges 11 J. (See page 27.)

Nicaragua. — We give a list of the avalanche of adhesives
provided by annual contract for the benefit of collectors, of the
type of illustration.

1 c, bistre ; perf. 12.

2 c, red
5 c, blue

10 c., slate
20 c. , rose
50 c., purple

1 p., mauve

2 p. , green
5 p., brown-red

10 p., orange

OFFICIAL

STAMPS.

Regular issues surcharged F nm!z . T

OFICIAL

1 c. , green, carmine surcharge ; pei

2 c. „

3 c.

» 55 33
» 35 33

5 c. ,, ,

J 33 ,,

10 c.

> 33

20 c.
50 c.

5 33 35
> 55 55

1 P. „

2 p. „
5 p. „

10 p.

5 53 35
> 55 35
» 55 33

' y, 35

North Borneo. — The half cent has the inscr

and Kevenue." fa, rose

; perf. 14.

Orange Free State. — Our publishers have the Id. surcharged
on the Threepence, blue, exactly similar to that described by us in
the Fourpence in January. Whether it is error or intentional we
know not. id., black surcharge on 3d., pale blue ; perf. 14.

Queensland. — To the description of the £d. in our last number
we now add that the perforation is 13, and the watermark horizontal
Q and Crown. We note that the colour is a rather deep chrome-
green. (See p. 28.)

The F. A. P. records the existence of the 4d. of the current
issue in an imperforate state, "used and on the original cover."

The Timbre-Poste mentions the £1 stamp as having been seen
with the new watermark described by us in the January Record.

4d., yellow, current issue ; imperforate.
£1, dark green ; with netv watermark.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Raj Nandgaoil. — Another competitor among the native races
for the smiles (and tribute) of the collector has made its appear-
ance. We must confess that our acquaintance with the land itself
is meagre. Our publishers have received portions of sheets of
what purports to be a fresh eruption of Indian stamps which,
if judged by appearances, are what the illustrious Mrs. Gamp
designated as "rubbage." However stamps, as men, must not
be judged by appearances, so let us hope that the Nandgaoners
are genuine requirements of embryonic civilization. The name is
spelt in the postmarks on the packet containing the stamps
Nandgaon; but perhaps owing to an imperfect acquaintance with
the British vernacular it reads Nandgam on the labels themselves.
The design then — consists of a large rectangle about 36 mm. high
by 30 wide ; the centre is a large blank oval (or should we say is
voided1?) bearing the inscription in four lines in small capitals,
"Feudatory State Eaj Nandgam C.P." Surrounding this egg-like
white space are mystic floreate ornaments extending to the edge
of the broad rectangular band that bears the remaining inscriptions;
viz., right, "Eaj Nandgam State Postage"; left, native characters,
top ditto, and bottom " Half Anna," the two former being doubt-
less the "Nandgamese" equivalents to the others. The stamps
are of the most primitive and smudgiest order of lithography, on
white wove paper in 4 panes of 1 6 each, and are destitute of gum ;
fortunately so considering their size, as the deglutition of a few
would probably emasculate the physique of the gentle natives.
White wove paper ; imperf. and ungummed.

Half anna, blue.
Two annas, red.

Salvador. — The following are the values of the Seebeck con-
tract supply for 1891 ; but surely they must also exist surcharged
" Official." We append illustration of the type.

1 centavo, vermilion.

2
3

10
11
20
25

light green.

violet.

red-brown.

bine.

violet.

green.

bistre.

dark blue.

1 peso, brown.

Sirmoor. — We give an illustration of these £
stamps with the official surcharge. on

„ • , s-s-

6 pies, green ; red surcharge s.

6 „ „ black „ „

1 anna, blue ; red „ „

Two annas, rose ; black „ „

South Australia. — Vindin's Philatelic Monthly gives a notice
from the South Australian Government Gazette of January 8th, in

147**

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

which the Postmaster-General invites designs for
2JcL and 5d. adhesives, and a 2d. post card.
A prize of £5 (!) is to be awarded to the fortunate
successful artist, and he will certainly not deserve
this colossal remuneration unless his productions
are many degrees less hideous than the green and
brown creation that now does duty for the 2Jd.
postage. Meanwhile it appears that the 6d. has
been surcharged for use as 5d., pending the production of the
permanent dies. We give an illustration, which has curiously
reached us before the stamp itself.

5d., surcharged on Sixpence, current issue.

Sweden. — We note in the advertising columns of a Scandinavian
contemporary that the 10 ore on the 12 has been found with the
surcharge inverted. The Timbre-Poste mentions the unpaid letter
stamp 6 ore as exisiting with impression on either side.

10 ore, blue surcharge (on 12 ore) ; inverted.
6 ore, yellow ; impression on loth sides.

Switzerland. — We have from our publishers a new value.
3 francs, orange ; type of current set.

Tangier. — We append illustrations of these stamps as described
in the Record for Januarv.

Tasmania. — We illustrate above the provisional described last
month.

Transvaal. — We have received from Mr. M. Giwelb a copy of
the 6d., blue on green, of the 1878 issue, with the Eoman V.E.,
in which the V of the word Transvaal is of a smaller and shorter
type than the rest of the type, not extending more than half the
depth of the remaining letters.

6d., blue on green (1878 issue), with small v in Transvaal.

United States. — The Stamp News says that
the current 1 and 2 cent stamps exist in two
sizes. We hope to illustrate these later on.

Uruguay. — The illustration of the official
surcharge on the current set is given below, of
which we have, however, only seen the lowest
value as yet. |^

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.

Mauritius. — M. Moens has received registered letter envelopes
with the value on the flap " in various sizes."
8 cents, ultramarine.
Mexico. — On the same authority we note that two new
envelopes of the current set with arms in the left angle have
4 centavos, red ; current set.

The /. B. J. describes a wrapper of 12 centavos value, similar
to those already existing, with oval stamp, containing numeral
of value to right, and the Mexican arms to left.

Wrapper. 12 centavos, carmine on white.

Nicaragua. — The following are the necessary articles for
Mcaraguan postal intercourse for this year :

Envelopes. 5 centavos, blue on white.
5 „ ,, yellow.

10 ,, grey on white.
20 , , carmine on yellow.
30 ,, brown ,,

50 ,, violet ,,

Wrappers. 1 centavo, green.
2 „
4 „

Salvador. — The new type for 1891
has blossomed into the following choice
varieties as illustrated :

Envelopes. 1 centavo, violet on pale red.
2 centavos, deep red on white,
brown on yellow,
green on bluish,
orange on pale red.
carmine on yellowish,
brown ,,

Wrappers. 2 centavos, brown on pale red.

" J) 5J >J

6 ,, dark brown on pale red.

Tasmania. — We are informed by a Tas-
manian correspondent that Halfpenny and
Penny wrappers may be expected shortly.
The illustration given here is that of the
envelopes and wrappers previously described,
all of which are apparently unofficial.

United States. — Below we publish the new schedule for
stamped envelopes which came into effect January 1st, 1891.

PRICES OF STAMPED ENVELOPES AND NEWSPAPER WRAPPERS
TO TAKE EFFECT JANUARY 1, 1891.
In this schedule the prices of envelopes remain the same as in the pre-
ceding one. In other respects the schedule is changed as follows : 1st, The
designation by letters has superseded that by numbers ; 2nd, The envelopes

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

known as No. 2 are no longer issued ; 3rd, A new envelope designated H,
Hh or Hhh according to quality, measuring 4 J x 9^ inches, is introduced ;
4th, The I, formerly No. 8 envelope, is made yg- of an inch shorter ; 5th, The
size of the newspaper wrapper has been increased in length ; 6th, The N
envelope, formerly No. 11, is increased to 4£ x 5£ inches ; 7th, First quality
envelopes of the L, M, and N sizes will be furnished of white paper only ;
other first quality envelopes will be sent all white unless amber colour is
specially asked for. The 4 c. envelopes of the "extra letter" and "legal
sizes" have been omitted, and that denomination in the "official" and
"extra official" sizes has been transferred from third to first quality. A
1 cent denomination is added to the extra letter size.
No envelopes will be furnished other than those included in this schedule.

Size and Denomination.

Full letter, 3 J x 5 J inches

Full letter, 3| x 5£ inches,
gummed for circulars

Quality of
Paper.

Colour of Paper.

Denom-
ination.

First

White

1 cent

First

White

2 cents

Second

Buff or blue

2 cents

Aaa

Third

Manila or amber

2 cents

Manila

1 cent

First

White

1 cent

First

White

2 cents

First

White

5 cents

Second

Buff or blue

2 cents

Ccc

Third

Manila or amber

1 cent

Ccc

Third

Manila or amber

2 cents

First

White

1 cent

First

White

2 cents

First

White

5 cents

Second

Buff or blue

2 cents

Ddd

Third

Manila or amber

2 cents

Manila

1 cent

First

White

2 cents

Second

Buff or blue

2 cents

Fff

Third

Manila or amber

2 cents

First

White

2 cents

First

White

4 cents

Second

Buff or blue

2 cents

Ggg

Third

Manila or amber

2 cents

First

White

2 cents

First

White

4 cents

Second

Buff or blue

2 cents

Hhh

Third

Manila or amber

2 cents

First

White

2 cents

First

White

4 cents

Second

Buff or blue

2 cents

Iii

Third

Manila or amber

2 cents

Manila

1 cent

Manila

2 cents

First

White

2 cents

First

White

2 cents

First

White

1 cent

First

White

2 cents

No.

4£ C ; No

. 5, D ; No. 6, E

; No. 9,

[; No

. 1, L ; No. 10, M ; No. 11

,N.

Commercial, 3| x 5| inches

Extra letter, 3 1 x 6rV inches

Extra letter, 3| x 6tV inches, un-
gummed for circulars

Legal, 3| x 6f inches

Official, 3£ x 8| inches

Large official, 4| x 9^ inches

Extra official, 4| x 10£ inches .

Newspaper wrappers, 5£ x 10^
inches . ...

Small note, 2| x 5£ inches
Small baronial, 3-r6- x 4§ inches .

Large baronial, 4£ x 5| inches .

Old No. 3 is thus A ; No. 4. B
F ; No. 7, G ; No. 8, I ; No. 12, K

The A. J. P. comments thereon as follows : "As will be seen
by above schedule no new envelopes of 10 c, 30 c, and 90 c. arc

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 57

issued, neither the 4 c. envelope on blue, buff, manila, and manila-
amber, nor the 5 c. envelopes on blue and buff.

"At the beginning of this year the New York Post Office,
running short of 4 and 5 c. envelopes on blue and buff, sent a
requisition to Washington for more of these. Contrary to above
schedule, which was then already in force, the Department sent
one thousand of each of these envelopes with the new watermark
to New York ; but a few days afterward the error was discovered,
and the sale of them was stopped by a telegram of the Department
to the New York postmaster, ordering at the same time the
unsold stock of these envelopes to be returned to Washington.
2,500 envelopes were returned, as 1,500 had been sold."

The following envelopes with the new watermark have been
issued up to date :

Dd 5 c, buff, buff (error).

Dd 5 c, blue, blue (error).

Eee 1 c, blue, manila.

Ff 4c, carmine, buff (error).

Ff 4 c, carmine, blue (error).

K 1 c, blue, manila j Wrarmers

K 2 c, green, manila j ^

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Argentine Republic. — The Timbre-Poste chronicles a stampless
official for the Postal and Telegraph Department.

Letter Card. Without value, black on blue ; perforated.

Austria. — Of the new series, beyond those in last year's Phila-
telic Gains and in our January number, we note :
Letter Cards. 3 kr., green on green ; Italian-Illyrian.

2 c,

green, white.

2 c.

green, amber.

2 c,

green, buff.

lc.

blue, white.

la,

blue, white.

2 c,

green, white.

2 c,

green, amber.

3 „

?»

Italian.

3 „

j >

Polish-Ruthenian.

3 „

> >

Roumanian.

3 „

» >

Slavonic.

5 „

rose on grey ;

Italian.

5 „

j >

Roumanian.

5 „

Slavonic.

Ceylon. — When all the world is surcharging one
could hardly expect Ceylon to be passive in the like
direction, hence we are not surprised to receive
through Messrs. Eidpath and Co. the current 10 cents
surcharged 5 cents, in thick black block capitals,
measuring, as to the numeral, 3 mm., and, as to
the letters, 2 mm. in height, and of a width of
15 mm., with a corresponding black line underneath. We append
an illustration of the stamp.

5 cents, black surcharge on 10 c, brown on buff.
Cuba. — From the columns of the A. J. P. we take the 3 c,
with the Eoyal juvenile's presentment.

3 c, carmine on buff.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

penDdeC5iau^ne Z ** *A-"-^*V» to- V

the card described in
our last (without the
overprint).

Italy. — Several of

TfiB ADDRESS 0NL7 TO BB WBITTEN ON THIS SIE

oaoLuX>?r^&2<Ser»x>o^joSb5€j3rC50 .
Kt ^iWM <S3 1T9 tnflo fifSIB fc3f?c£ QTf?«7.

CARTOLIXA PO STALE

( CENT.iO.)

Promncia di.

contemporaries note a card for the
use of the Chamber of
Deputies. It is as the
ordinary issue, but the
arms are on the left,
instead of in the centre,
with the inscription be-
low, " Camera del Depu-
tati"

10 c, carmine on rose.

M. E. Diena notes
% c, bearing the dual

in the Timbre-Poste the reply card of
value 15 c. on the first half, and no note of the value except the
stamp on the second, which with other slight alterations no longer
carries the arms of the country.

7J x 7h c, carmine on rose ; " Cent 15 " on first half.

Leeward Islands. — We union postale universes

give the illustration of the reward islands ules sous le text*

POST dM|j| CARD

cards described in our last
number.

Mexico. — We give here illustrations of the last cards.

HE AOflfliU 0111 U BE wailttti

^YOSTAi.^

TARJETA POSTAL-CARTE POSTALE

j, SERVICIO POSTAL KEXICANO J&k

y ...... #11

TAR J ETA- CART A

vr^S%^

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Nicaragua. — The following belong to the 1891 series. The
illustration fortunately atones for the necessity of a description !

2 centavos, blue-green on pale red.

3 ,, dark blue on yellow.

2 + 2 ,, blue-green on pale red.

3 + 3 „ dark blue on yellow.

Norway . — The reply card with the 3 ore, yellow, has now
appeared, pace the I.B.J.

Reply Card. 3 + 3 ore, yellow on white.
Perak. — Chronicled by the Monthly Journal is an official of
the stampless order.

Official Card. Without value, black on yellowish- white.

Salvador. — We append the values of the Seebeck cum Salvador
series of cards for the current year of the accompanying type.

1 centavo, black on green. 3 centavos, black on rose.

2 centavos ,, yellowish. | 2 + 2 ,, ,, yellowish.

3 + 3 centavos, black on rose.

Servia. — From various sources we note the Postal Union cards
with a frame similar to those for inland issued in January, 1890.
10 paras, carmine on buff. 10 + 10 paras, carmine on buff.

Spain. — The Timbre-Poste describes an alteration of the Postal
Union cards, consisting of the substitution of Gothic for capital
letters, while the two lower lines are in bolder type.
10 c, red on buff.
Tasmania. — A correspondent from this island informs us that
2d. cards will be shortly issued.

60 PHILATELIC GAINS.

PHILATELIC GAINS OF 1890.

{Continued from page 38.)

Great Britain. — Envelopes. Page 38. The words " not issued, embossed,
octagonal die," refer to the lOd. envelopes. (Page 175.)

Greece. —
25 lepta, dark dull blue ; imperforate. (Page 105.)

40 „ violet on azure; overprinted with numeral 4 ontheback. (Page 105.)

Grenada. — Fiscal stamp, surcharged "half— penny — postage."
id. on 2s., orange and green ; surch. in black. (Page 4.)

Guatemala. — Current type, surcharged "Official."

2 centavos, yellow-brown, overprinted in black. (Page 68.)
20 ,, green, overprinted in black. ( „ 68.)

Envelopes. New type.

5 centavos, pale blue on white laid ; 152 x 89 mm. (Page 69.)
10 centavos, pink on white laid ; 152 x 89 mm. (Page 69. )
Post Cards. New type.

3 centavos, pale blue on white ; 142 x 91 mm. (Page 69. )
3 centavos, pink on white ; 142 x 91 mm. (Page 69.)

3 + o „ ,, ,, ,, ,, ( „ by.)

Wrapper. New type. 2 centavos, brown on buff; 126 x 300 mm. (Page 88.)
Gwalior. — \ anna, green ; surcharged in black. (Page 54.)
Haiti. — 3 c, blue (Head of President Salomon) ; imperf. (Page 194.)

3 c. ,, ( „ „ ) ; surcharged in red 2,

deux cent. (Page 208.)
Provisional Issue. (?) No value, black on white. ( „ 89.)

Holkar. — Current type. £ anna, broivn-violet ; perf. 15. (Page 89.)
Honduras. — New type. 1 centavo, green. (Page 69.)

2 centavos, red. ( „ 69. )

5 „ blue. ( „ 54.)

10 ,, orange. ( „ 54.)

20 „ yellow-brown. ( „ 69.)
25 „ pink. ( „ 69.)

30 „ violet. ( „ 69.)

40 „ blue. ( „ 69.)

50 „ brown. ( „ 69.)

75 ,, blue-green. ( „ 69.)
1 peso, pink. ( „ 69. )

Envelopes. 5 centavos, blue on white and azure ; 150 x 87 mm. (Page 69.)
10 ,, orange ,, 160 x 92 mm. ( „ 69.)

20 „ brown ,, 195 x 80 mm. ( „ 69.)

25 „ pink „ 239 x103 mm. ( „ 69.)

Wrappers. 1 centavo, green on manilla. (Page 69.)
2 centavos, red „ ( „ 69.)

5 „ blue „ ( „ 69.)

Hungary. —
Errors. 20 kreuzer, black (1881), without numerals. (Page 54.)

8 ,, orange (1887), numeral repeated. ( „ 54.)
Envelope. 5 kreuzer, orange-red. ( „ 175.)

Post Card. 5 kreuzer ,, ( „ 175.)

Letter Card. 5 kreuzer ,, ( „ 175.)

PHILATELIC GAINS. 61

Hyderabad. Deccan. —

Envelope. 4 a., yelloiv ; type 8. (Page 123.)

Post Card. | a., orange on buff; about 123 x 73 mm. ( „ 208.)

India. — Official Post Card. Green on buff; no value expressed. (Page 175.)

Italy. — 20 c. surcharged in black on 50 c, purple. (Page 124.)

20 c. „ „ 30 c., brown. ( „ 157.)

Parcel Post Stamps surcharged. 2 c. on 10 c, olive-green. (Page 208.)

2 c. on 20 c, blue. ( „ 208.)

2 c. on 50 c, carmine. ( „ 208.)
2 c. on 75 c, green. ( „ 208.)

2 c. on 1 1. 25 c, orange. ( „ 208.)
2 c. on 1 1. 75 c, brown. ( „ 208.)
Post Cards. With " Provincia cli " on left.

10 c. in black on 15 c, brown. (Page 157.)
10 c. ,, 15 c. „ reply half. (Page 157.)

10 c, carmine on cream. (Page 157.)
74 + 74 carmine on rose. ( „ 194.)

74 + 74 n » with diagonal halves of 5 c, green,

adhesive added. (Page 208.)
Jamaica. — 6 pence, yellow ; vmik. Crown CA ; perf. 14. (Page 103.)

24d., black surcharge on 4d., vermilion ; wmk. Crown CA.

(Page 139.)
Surcharged Official. 4 penny, green (type 1872) ; wmk. Crown C A ; over-
printed in black. (Page 105.)

1 penny, pink (new type) ; overprinted in black. (Page 105.)

2 „ slate-grey „ „ „ ( „ 105.)
4d., green, overprinted fficial. (Page 157.)

4d. „ „ offoal. ( „ 176.)

4d. „ double surcharge, one inverted. (Page 140.)
Jeypore.— British Indian Stamps surcharged " Raj " Service.
4 a., green ; red surcharge. (Page 140.)

1 a., brown „ ( „ 140.)

2 a., blue „ ( „ 140.)
4 a., grey-green „ ( „ 140.)
4 a., green ; black surcharge ( „ 140.)

1 a., brown „ ( „ 140.)

2 a., blue „ ( „ 140.)

4 a., grey-green „ ( „ 140.)
Jhalawar. — New type.

i a., bluish-green on white laid paper. (Page 140.)
J a., pale and deep green on smooth white laid paper. (Page 209.)
| a., on greyish laid paper. (Page 209.)
Leeward Islands (vice Antigua, etc.). —

4d., violet and green. (Page 20.9.)
Id., violet and rose. ( „ 209.)
24d., violet and blue. ( „ 209.)
4d., violet and orange. ( „ 209.)
6d., violet and brown. ( „ 209.)
7d., violet and slate. ( „ 209.)
Is., green and rose. ( „ 209.)
2s., green and blue. ( „ 209.)
Madagascar. — Current French Colonial type surcharged in black.

05 on 25 c, black on pink. (Page 54.)
Mexico. — Current type. 12 centavos, puce ; perf. 124- (Page 70.)

Envelopes. 4 centavos, red. (Page 70.)

6 „ „ ( „ 70.)

12 „ „ ( „ 70.)

20 „ „ ( „ 70.)

Wrappers. With square ends. 1 centavo, green on orange. (Page 70.)

2 „ red. (Page 124.)

62 PHILATELIC GAINS.

Post Cards. New type, lithographed (for Mexico).

2 centavos, carmine, inscriptions in blue. (Page 70.)

5 ., ultramarine „ pink. ( „ 70.)

With " Union Postal Universal."

2 centavos, carmine, inscriptions in green. (Page 70.)

3 „ red „ „ ( „ 70.)
Letter Cards (for Mexico).

4 centavos, red on buff; inscriptions in black. (Page 70.)
10 „ red on pink „ „ ( „ 70.)

Monaco. — Post Card. 10 + 10 centimes, violet-brown on pale blue. (Page 70. )

Montenegro.— 1 florin, blue, current type ; perf. 16. (Page 158.)

PostCards. 2 novich {Type 2), red on buff (18SS). ( „ 176.)

2(Type2) + 2 „ (Type 1) „ ( „ ). ( „ 176.)

2(Typel) + 2 „ (Type 2) „ (1890). ( „ 176.)

3 + 0 „ black on green (no impression on second half).

(Page 176.)
2 „ red on buff; no frame. (Page 194.)
3 + 3 „ black on green ; second line of notice 6S mm. lonq.

(Page 105.)
Nabha. — 1 a., chocolate, surcharged in error s2rvice. (Page 194.)
Surcharged on Indian Stamps.

3 annas, orange, overprint in black. (Page 70. )

6 „ bistre „ „ ( „ 70.)

12 ,, brown on red ,, ,, ( „ 70.)

Service. 6 ,, bistre ,, ,, ( „ 70.)

8 „ purple „ „ ( „ 70.)

12 ,, brown on red ,, ,, ( „ 70.)

Reg. Envelope. 2 ,, blue, Arms and overprint in black ; Size F.

(Page 70.)
Natal.— 3 pence, slate-grey; wmk. Crown CA ; perf. 14. (Page 4.)
Nevis.— Head of Queen.

1 shilling, purple; wmk. Crown CA; perf. 14. (Page 105.)

1 ,, green ; perf. 15 & imperf vertically. ( „ 158.)

PostCards. 1 penny, carmine on buff (type of ljd.). ( „ 105.)

J ,, brown on buff, current type. ( „ 158.)

New Brunswick.— Reprints. (Page 194.)

Newfoundland. — 3 c, violet-slate, new design ; perf. 12. (Page 209.)

Envelopes. 3 c. ; 120 x 94 mm. (Page 124.)

5c; 120 x94 mm. ( „ 124.)

3c; 140 x78 mm. ( „ 124.)

5 c; 140 x78 mm. ( „ 124.)

New South Wales. — Issue of 1856 (diademed head).

2d., blue; error of tvatermark 2,. (Page 93.)

3d., green „ %. ( „ 93.)

2d., blue (Type 2) ; perf.; retouched die. ( „ 94.)

5 shillings, violet; new wmk. in diamond; perf. 10. (Page 30.)
20 ,, blue ; wmk. N.S. W. in circle. (Page 124.)

1 ,, puce, Centennial Type, surcharged O.S. (Page 158.)
Post Card. Centennial Type.
Id., mauve on yellowish card. (Page 140.)

3d., green on white, with addition of words "and for France." (Page 195.)
Reply Card. 1 + 1 penny, violet on white, Centenary Type. ( „ 103.)
Registered Envelopes. 4d., rose ; Size ¥,flap to right. (Page 158.)
4d. „ „ G „ ( „ 158.)

Envelope. 2 pence, made by two stamps of Id. (1888), mauve on

white wove. (Page 5.)
Official Envelopes. 1 penny, mauve (1888), on white laid (120 x 95 mm.).

(Page 5.)
2 pence, blue (1888), on white laid, overprinted in black. (Page 5.)
(To be continued.)

VARIA. 63

The minutes of the two recent meetings of the Society are unavoidably
withheld until our next issue.

* # *

An interesting paper, on the Military Telegraph Stamps of our own
country, was recently read before the London Philatelic Society by Mr.
A. B. Creeke, jun., which we hope to place before our readers next

month.

* * *

Our friends in the States seem to be very busy in the auction line,
as we hear of several large sales — of collections and accumulations —
rapidly following each other. Tor some occult reason there has been
a perceptible lull in this form of pecuniary Philately here, the last sale
by Messrs. Cheveley and Co. not being marked by any very interesting
features, though a fourpenny red Cape error, in a somewhat mutilated
condition, attained the respectable price of £26 !

^ 5jc ■%■

Commotion of no mean order has been excited in German Philatelic
circles by the discovery of a considerable theft from the State collection
of Postage Stamps in the Imperial Museum at Berlin. We paid a visit
to this museum a year or two since on one of our Continental rambles, and,
under the kind guidance of Herr Lindenberg, the curator of the museum,
duly inspected the numerous and valuable stamps that are being
gathered together under his tender solicitude and ripe philatelic know-
lege. The collection is arranged, adhesives and ganzsachen, in revolving
show-cases, similar to the one that many of our readers must have seen
in the Philatelic Exhibition last year. The purloiner seems to have
succeeded in abstracting the stamps that were on the lower portion of
each pane by means of a long sharp knife. A promptly raised hue and
cry, and a visit to the various local dealers, soon brought the authorities
on the track of the wily bandit and it is satisfactory to know that not
only is the culprit secured, but that a considerable portion of the
missing treasures has been recovered. This affair coming so soon after
the robbery of stamps in London by Reese and Ventura, which has
been so widely noticed in both the public and philatelic press,
should put vendors of stamps on their guard against such depredators.
Stamps are such easily transportable goods that the dealers would do
well — when they are on show — to be extra vigilant.

* * *

In the days of yore the originators of the postage labels considered
no precaution too great to prevent the imitation of stamps. To-day, alas !
the one object seems to be to produce the cheapest and generally the
nastiest object for the money, regardless of the forger's skill. The new
Spanish Baby King issue has already been imitated in the colonies, and
we now hear of an even bolder venture on the part of the gentry who
aim at being the most sincere of flatterers. An enterprising litho-
grapher in Hochst seems to have turned his technical knowledge to
such good effect that he succeeded in producing imitations of the
current 10 pfennig German stamps, so admirably executed that we are
informed, even the wariest Philatelist could hardly discern any differ-
ence between them and the real Simon Pure. A select circle of con-
federates helped in the circulation, and the enterprising gang seems to
have been successful in exchanging the fruits of their industry for every

64 CORRESPONDENCE.

possible commodity, from ready-made clothes down to sausages ! This
little game lias evidently been unobtrusively played for some time, as
hundreds have been discovered in places far off, as in "Wurtemberg,
while we are told that the diminution in the sale of 10 pfennig stamps
was noticed by the authorities ; hence it is fortunate that the culprits
have been caught. Other Governments, who for the sake of saving a
few hundreds a year give forgers these chances, should take warning
before they are subjected to a like experience.

* * *
Ix the brochure issued by our publishers last Christmas, and reviewed
in the Record, by us, there is a speculative article by one of the members
of the London Philatelic Society, in which, under the guise of prophecy,
he indulges in a little gentle sarcasm at the expense of the German
Philatelic Societies, predicting that one of the near future events would
be the production of a magnificent work on the various German States
by them. " There is nothing certain but the unforeseen ; " hence we are
not surprised — but exceedingly pleased — to note that the Berlin Phila-
telic Club have really taken this matter in hand. A literary sub-
committee has been appointed, comprising the well-known names of
Herr Lindenberg and Dr. Kalcknoff, and no better choice could have been
made. TTe have had the pleasure of being present, as a member, at the
Berlin Philatelic Club's sitting, and can bear testimony to the scientific
and business-like method of conducting its meetings. There are many
able and advanced collectors amongst the members, and we think that
all European collectors will be much gratified to hear, not only that
this long-needed and important branch of Philatelic literature has been
commenced, but that there is every hope of a sound and satisfactory
result in view of the hands to which it has been entrusted.

THE CHALMERS CRAZE.
To the Editor of "The Philatelic Record"

Mr. Patrick Chalmers having recently published a petition, said to
have been addressed by him to the Treasury, asserting that the late Sir
Rowland Hill had abstracted from that Department the official papers
containing James Chalmers' suggestions, the following letter has been
addressed by Mr. Pearson Hill to the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury,
showing that there is no foundation whatever for such a change.

Copy of Letter from Mr. Pearson Hill to the Assistant Secretary
of the Treasury.

6, Pembridge Square, W.

\±th January, 1891.
Sir, — 1. I have to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 9th instant,
referring to a question raised by Mr. Patrick Chalmers in connection with
the invention of postage stamps, and informing me that certain documents
bearing upon that question —notably three letters from Mr. James Chalmers
of Dundee — are missing from the Treasury. I notice also that you state
that the replies (which I can inform you were about 2600 in number)
received by that Department, in answer to its letter of 23rd August, 1S39,
inviting suggestions from the public, are no longer amongst the urlicial papers ;

CORRESPONDENCE. 65

and further that you are requested to ask whether these documents are in my
possession, and if so, that I will return them to the Treasury.

2. In connection with your enquiry I cannot ignore the fact that recent
advertisements in the public papers assert that Mr. Patrick Chalmers has
published a memorial, said to have been sent by him to the Treasury,
requesting that steps may be taken to obtain the restoration of his father's
original letters, which he falsely accuses the late Sir Rowland Hill of having,
from dishonest motives, removed from official custody. That memorial I
have not seen, as I seldom trouble myself to read Mr. Patrick Chalmers'
endless and preposterous mistatements, but I make no doubt that your
application to me is connected with his appeal.

3. Under these circumstances I deem it only due to the Lords Com-
missioners of Her Majesty's Treasury that they should be made acquainted
with the real facts of the case, and I therefore forward to you, for their
Lordships' information, a copy of my pamphlet on " The Origin of Postage
Stamps," and other documents which I have thought it desirable from time
to time to publish in defence of my father's honour. These documents will,
I feel sure, satisfy your Department as to the absolute worthlessness of any
statement coming from a monomaniac like Mr. Patrick Chalmers, and place
it in possession of the means for successfully resisting preposterous demands
for compensation from that or any other quarter.

4. Their Lordships will see that, for the last ten years or more, Mr.
Patrick Chalmers— taking advantage of the defect in our law of libel which,
at present, enables any one to slander the dead without incurring legal
penalties—has done his utmost by the persistent circulation of charges
which are absolutely false, to fling dirt upon the memory of Sir Rowland
Hill— a man well known by all his friends to have been of stainless integrity,
and one that the whole world has recognized as among the greatest of its
benefactors.

5. The dishonesty of these shameless attacks I have repeatedly exposed, but
in the present state of the law I am, of course, powerless to prevent them,
and I would respectfully call their Lordships' special attention to the fact
that though I have over and over again publicly charged Mr. Patrick
Chalmers with almost every species of literary fraud — with giving false dates,
false and garbled versions of letters, &c, with wilful misrepresentations of
fact, and deliberate production of fictitious evidence, and have, moreover,
repeatedly dared him to bring an action for libel if my charges were in any
way untrue, he has never ventured to take up my challenge ; and while
consoling himself by reiterating his cowardly attacks on my father's memory,
he takes care in all his false statements about myself just to keep within
the wide limits of what the law will not punish, so' that he may run no risk
of having to substantiate his statements upon oath.

6. In face of these facts (while, of course, I cordially and completely
exonerate every member of Her Majesty's service in the Treasury from the
slightest suspicion of believing or sympathizing with the false charges pre-
ferred by Mr. Patrick Chalmers), you will not, I am sure, be much surprised
when I tell you that my first impulse, on reading your letter, was to reply
that I deemed it inconsistent with the respect due to my father's memory
to return any answer to charges originating in a source so disreputable.

7. I am, however, not unmindful of the fact that fifty years have now
gone by since the contemptible fraud with which Sir Rowland Hill is falsely
charged could have been committed — that more than a quarter of a century
has elapsed since he retired, full of honours, from the public service, and
that nearly twelve years have passed since he was awarded an honoured
grave in Westminster Abbey, and that after such a lapse of time it is not
altogether to be regretted that so admirable an opportunity has been
furnished me to place permanently on record, in the archives of your Depart-
ment, a complete reply to charges which, if made in the presence of any
one who still remembered the late Sir Rowland Hill, would at once have
been treated with the contempt they deserved.

66 CORRESPONDENCE.

8. The statement constantly made by Mr. Patrick Chalmers that Sir
Rowland Hill appropriated Mr. James Chalmers' invention of adhesive
postage stamps (which he absurdly declares saved the Penny Postage Scheme
in 1S39-40 from collapse), and that Sir Rowland Hill, in order to secure to
himself the credit for this idea, removed from the Treasury the papers con-
taining Mr. James Chalmers' suggestions, is false from beginning to end.
Mr. James Chalmers, I may mention, gave no real assistance in the matter.
His proposals that adhesive, as distinguished from non-adhesive, stamps
should be employed were never put forward (as is proved by James Chalmers'
own statements, which will be found published in the documents I have
already submitted) till long after Sir Rowland Hill, in his evidence of 13th
February, 1S37,"" had already proposed their adoption ; while the designs or
suggestions actually submitted by Mr. James Chalmers in 1S39 were so crude
and impracticable that they were set aside as worthless.

9. As to the false charge that Sir Rowland Hill made away with James
Chalmers' letters to the Treasury submitting his scheme, this is simply one
of those reckless assertions which Mr. Patrick Chalmers habitually puts
forward in the belief that they may serve his purpose, leaving it to mere
chance whether they may turn out true or false. It happens that I know
all about Mr. James Chalmers' scheme, and that the papers on the case have
not been preserved at the Treasury. Thereupon Mr. Patrick Chalmers at
once assumes theft of documents as the only way, satisfactory to his own
mind, of accounting for my better knowledge, and he deliberately puts
forward his mere suspicion as though it were an ascertained fact. Xow the
very letter addressed by Mr. James Chalmers to Sir Rowland Hill to which
you specifially refer (and which you will see by its date— 1st October, 1839—
is not one of the three missing from the official records, being indeed a
private letter to Sir Rowland Hill, and not even addressed to him at the
Treasury) exposes the groundlessness of Mr. Patrick Chalmers' disgraceful
charge.

10. I send you herewith a printed copy of Mr. James Chalmers' letter,
the main portion of which I published more than nine years ago, and which
was exhibited by me at the London Philatelic Society's Jubilee Exhibition
in May, and was printed in exteiiso in a Philatelic journal — The Stamp
Advertiser — of 14th June of last year. From that letter you will see that
Mr. James Chalmers, besides forwarding his original communication (dated
30th September, 1S39) direct to the Treasury, sent a printed copy of the
same privately to Sir Rowland Hill, as indeed he appears to have done to
many other persons then interested in the question of Postal Reform. This
printed copy is the document from which I derive my information, and
which, more than nine years ago, I fully communicated to the London
Philatelic Society.

11. I need scarcely point out that not only would Sir Rowland Hill have
scorned so despicable an act as the removal of James Chalmers' suggestions,
but that nothing could possibly have been gained by such dishonesty, as the
mere fact that Mr. James Chalmers' proposals had already been printed and
widely circulated would have rendered any concealment of their nature from
the scores of people who were then taking an active interest in the matter a
simple impossibility. I may add that all the copies of Mr. James Chalmers'
letters, &c, in my'possession are copies— mostly printed — which he himself
sent privately to Sir Rowland Hill, and which, of course, became the private
property of the latter, just as any printed circulars, say on postal matters,
now on my writing-table belong unquestionably to myself.

12. As regards the 2600 replies to the Treasury letter of 23rd August,
1839, I regret to be unable to give you any information. Probably at the
Treasury, as in other Government departments, papers not supposed to be of
any further use are from time to time destroyed, to make room for others
more recent or more important ; and these missing documents, which to
Philatelists would now be of great historical value, have doubtless years ago

jth Report of the Commissioners of Post Ollice Inquiry (1S:;7), p. 33.

CORRESPONDENCE. 67

been sacrificed. Certainly they were never in Sir Rowland Hill's possession
after he left the Treasury.

13. I may mention, however, that in some few instances persons who
made suggestions in 1839 — especially when they were acquaintances of Sir
Rowland Hill's — adopted the same course as Mr. James Chalmers, and sent
him duplicates of the envelopes, covers, stamps, &c, which they had
submitted to the Treasury ; and when going over Sir Rowland Hill's papers
some ten years ago I found, to the best of my recollection, perhaps a dozen
such communications, but none of these were the original official documents
such as those to which you refer.

14. As regards the facts mentioned in my pamphlet on the Origin of
Postage Stamps, such, for instance, as that forty-nine individuals, including
Mr. James Chalmers, proposed the use of adhesive stamps in 1839, which
facts you suggest might have been taken from the Treasury official
documents, I have no objection to inform you that they were obtained from
perfectly independent records — some from the Post Circular newspaper, and
other publications issued by the London Mercantile Committee, of which the
late Sir Henry Cole was Secretary, others again from notes in Sir Henry
Cole's own handwriting, and many more from sources such as Sir Rowland
Hill's private letter-books and his diaries for the years 1839-42, one of
which I exhibited at the Guildhall Jubilee Celebration in May last —
documents which, I need hardly add, are my undoubted private property.

15. It is only due to their Lordships that I should explain my reasons for
totally disregarding Mr. Patrick Chalmers' constant complaints that I will
give him no more information. - Ten years ago, after I had promptly acceded
to his request, and given him such information as he then desired, he pub-
lished a false and garbled version of my letters, and when publicly charged
with this misconduct, he coolly denied it, and persisted in so doing until my
publication of the letters in extenso in the Dundee Advertiser of 30th
April, 1883 (see enclosed reprint), rendered such denial useless. Mr. James
Chalmers' letters from first to last will ultimately be published, and the
documents themselves be placed in the British Museum or other similar
institution, where any one who desires to inspect them can do so to the
fullest extent ; but for Mr. Patrick Chalmers to demand that I shall again
trust him with documents, or with any sort of information, especially after
his persistent and unscrupulous attacks upon my father's memory, is about
as impudent a proposition as it would be for a man who had been foiled in
an attempt to defraud a mercantile house to demand permission to inspect
their books, so that he might the better know how to frame his future mis-
representations.*

16. Mr. Patrick Chalmers has his full and easy remedy in a Court of Law
if only he dared to take it. I have charged him with having, during the
last ten years, pursued a course of systematic fraud and misrepresention.
He well knows that if this charge be in the least degree untrue, he could
obtain, by bringing an action for libel, not only the heaviest pecuniary damages
and all his costs, but — what any honest man in his position would value
far more — the finest possible opportunity for establishing his father's claims, if
they were well founded, by bringing the matter before a tribunal where
every statement for or against him must be taken on oath, and be subject to
the severest cross-examination. He has everything to gain and nothing to
lose if only he were speaking the truth ; but the absence of that essential
condition is the unsurmoun table obstacle that has all along stood in his way,
and the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury will, I am sure,
have no difficulty in deciding what amount of credit should be given to the
statements of a man like Mr. Patrick Chalmers, who, while posing as the
earnest advocate of good faith, truth, and perfect candour in others, has for
years past shrunk himself from taking the straightforward course which
every man of honour would be only too eager to pursue.

* On this point see also the Supplement to The Origin of Foskme Stamps, note iv.. pp.
12, 13.

68 NOTES AND QUERIES.

17. Having thus explained to you the real facts of this case, I now
proceed to give a categorical answer to your several questions.

1st. The letters you name as missing from the Treasury ; viz., Mr. James
Chalmers' original letters of 30th September, 10th October, and loth
October, 1839, are not in my possession, though, as I have explained, I
possess printed copies of Mr. James Chalmers' communications.

2nd. The facts mentioned in my pamphlet on The Origin of Postage
Stamps were not taken from the Treasury official correspondence — i.e. from
the original letters— but from other authentic sources.

3rd. I have not in my possession any official Treasury papers, and conse-
quently there are none which I need trouble you to receive back.
I am, Sir,

Your obedient servant,

Pearson Hill.

P.S. — I need scarcely say that you are at full liberty to make what use
you think fit of this letter. I, of coiuse, retain my right to give it the
fullest publication.

Frank Mowatt, Esq., c.b.,

Assistant Secretary, The Treasury.

[We regret that through a misdirection of the Editor's address the
foregoing interesting letter was too late for insertion in our last number.
We now publish it with pleasure, at Mr. Pearson Hill's request, as it is a
reply to, and refutation of, a somewhat serious accusation of Mr. Chalmers.
—Ed.]

|iotts anil <8tumts.

W. D. B. — The Griqualand postmark fails to satisfy our philatelic
soul, but the Paraguay surcharges seem all right, although we have no
readily available means of comparison. The Belgian is but a slight
flaw in printing, and the others are not novelties. We are sorry we
cannot confirm your good opinion of the Saxony, head to left, 2 sg.
The colour is a nondescript pink-grey shade, in which (back and front)
dirt seems the leading characteristic. The face of the stamp has a
rubbed appearance, and we are convinced it is but a chemical changeling.
Kindly send us the Patiala.

C. F., Casella. — Thank you for sending the stamps ; but the Russian
14 kop. is no novelty, and the other (possibly) an official seal.

R. N. — As to Victoria 10d., grey, watermark 10, of the existence of
which we were sceptical in our last number, we are indebted to you for
kindly endeavouring to supply the deficiency. The stamp forwarded,
however, although " on the original letter," fails to convince us. The
colour is not the true colour of the grey stamp, and the postmark helps
to condemn it. The date of issue, as given in Oceania, for the 10d.,
grey, is 1865, and for the red-brown 1866 ; while your specimen is dated
September 11th, 1869.

M. G., London. — One of the Transvaals is, in our opinion, bad ;
two others are not novelties. The remaining stamps we have
chronicled.

Theodor Buhl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

fflk$ §) Wfafylut i^tat^

Vol. XIII. APRIL, 1891. No. 148.

ORROWFUL indeed! beyond the power of mere
faltering words to express, is the announcement
that it is this month our painful duty to make.

Thomas Keay Tapling has passed away from us
for aye in this world, and the Philatelic Society of
London stands bereft of its beloved and esteemed
Vice-President. As was well known, a severe
attack of pleurisy had kept him a prisoner for several
The late Mr wee^s, but it was not until Monday, the 6th
t. k. Tapling, of April, that any danger to life was appre-
M,p* hended. Complications appear then to have

set in, and a frame, none too strong already, yielded to the
accompanying prostration.

In the presence of so sudden and so dire a calamity,
neither reader nor writer, nor friend nor brother-collector,
can for the moment realize all that is involved in such a
loss. To the sorrowing relatives and friends of the deceased
we venture to tender, in the name of all the English collecting
world, our profound sympathy under a loss that we can to
a great extent appreciate. To those among us who have
known him intimately for many years, who have rejoiced
in his friendship and hospitality, and have been more proud
of his success than he himself, it is a blow that, even when
the first honest sorrow has been softened away by Time's
kindly hand, will ever tinge with sadness the pursuit that
first created the friendship. To the Philatelic Society of
London, and the general body of collectors in Great Britain
and her colonies, the premature passing away of the leading
English collector, who both by his superb collection and

70 THE LATE MR. T. K. TAPLING, M.P.

philatelic writings has done so mnch to advance the science,
will be regarded as a disaster that casts a deep shadow
across the path of Philately.

Of the dead there is nought but good that could be
written. Mr. Tapling was a man of great ability, possessing
in a marked degree that spirit of perseverance and tenacity
that made him eminently successful in all his undertakings.
His vast stores of philatelic knowledge, like his collection,
were ever at the disposal of his brother collectors. Generous,
hospitable, courteous, upright, and true, the death of such a
man leaves no room for aught but the most poignant regret.

So recently as January, 1888, the history of Mr. Tapling's
life was fully given in the Record. He was born in 1855,
educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge, where
he took the degrees M.A. and LL.M. He studied for and
was called to the bar in 1880. On the death of his father
in 1882 he became the head of the firm of Thomas Tapling
and Co., of Gresham Street, E.C. He contested the Har-
borough division of Leicestershire in 1885, and being defeated
by a small margin successfully renewed the attack in the
General Election of 1886. It is to be feared that his con-
scientious devotion to the arduous work involved in this
Parliamentary representation was beyond his physical strength.
He, however, endeavoured of late years to recuperate by
wintering abroad in Madeira, Lausanne, and other places,
and last year made an extended and interesting trip to
India, which apparently had a most beneficial effect on his
health. Some of the valuable information on the Indian
stamps that he then obtained was the last contribution made
by hirn to the Philatelic Society of London.

We can but briefly recapitulate at this moment the
services that Mr. Tapling rendered to Philately, and at a
future and more congenial date may return to the theme ;
suffice it to say, that in almost every philatelic work or under-
taking of the past decade the late Vice-President of the
Philatelic Society was intimately associated. His papers
and studies of the stamps of Afghanistan, Turkey, New South
Wales, Tasmania, India, and other countries, are widely
known as much prized contributions to the sum of our

THE LATE MR. T. K. TAPLING, M.P. 71

philatelic knowledge. A member of the Society in 1871,
he was elected Vice-President in 1881, and his absence
from the chair that he so ably filled at the meetings of the
Society will be sorely noted ; while friendly gatherings and
scientific work will alike perceptibly feel the sting of his loss.
The magnificent collection, that has but one rival in the
world, lovingly built up during many years by his un-
wearied exertions, by his deep philatelic knowledge, and by
the wise expenditure of his ample means, will constitute
a lasting memorial to him ; but far beyond this, Thomas
Tapling's name will always be remembered in the annals of
Philately as sjmonymous with all that is purest and noblest
in the pursuit. It will be remembered of him, that from
childhood to his latest days he never once wavered or faltered
in his love of our science, and that he died as he had always
lived — a true gentleman and philatelist.

Tfau*|Ilb$; JK$tau^rb$, nnt \tpmtilnihm.

To our Correspondents. — We shall be glad to receive from collectors and
dealers notices of Novelties, etc., which can, if desired, be inserted with
the sender s name and the date of receipt. Communications as to these,
as also general philatelic and postal information and correspondence,
should be addressed to "The Editor of the Philatelic Record," care of
Messrs. Theodor Buhl and Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, B.C.

ADHESIVES.

Argentine Republic. — It appears that the high values, to
which we recently alluded as being in preparation, are intended
for Telegraph Stamps.

Austria. — An official intimation has been given that (we believe
owing to the ringing of changes in the numerals of value) the
stamps of 20, 24, 30, and 50 will reappear in the same colour,
but with the design altered. The present stock of these values
will, however, be used up to the 1st September, when they will be
demonetized.

Belgium. — We are indebted to a Dutch contemporary with an
unpronounceable name for the information that a new value, pre-
sumably of the current set, has been issued.
35 cents, yellow-ochre.
148*

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Bolivia. — In addition to the values of the new series — type of
1868 with nine stars, but perforated 12 — that we have already-
chronicled, we note that the Monthly Journal has seen the two
lowest denominations. l c, carmine.

2 c, slate-violet.

British East Africa. — We have the information from our
publishers that two new values have been added to those now in
circulation ; to wit, 3 annas, black on brick-red.
4£ » » grey-lilac.

British Honduras. — In our preceding number (p. 48) we
mentioned the existence of a doubly-surcharged
stamp emanating from this colony, but waited
confirmation as to its authenticity. This is now
established beyond a doubt. The stamp in ques-
tion, the 4d., mauve, with surcharge of 10 cents,
has the numeral barred out by a horizontal line,
and a large Roman " 6," in black, substituted
directly over it. We have also a second variety
with the additional surcharge in red. We append illustration.

6 c, black surch., on 10 c, black, on 4J. mauve ; wmk. Crown C A ; perf. 14.
6 c, red „ „ „ „ „ „ l „

This, however, seems to have been but a temporary expedient
to meet the new postal requirements; for we learn from the
I.B.J, that, following the precedent of South Australia, New
South Wales, etc., the colour of one of the current values has
been changed and utilized by means of an overprint, presumably
in black.

6 cents, surcharged on 3 pence, ultramarine ; wmk. Crown and C A ; perf. 14.

British South Africa, or Mashonoland— The four new

r££?l values necessary for the inhabitants of this
favoured clime have appeared, vice the pro-
visionals chronicled in our last number, which
our publishers inform us were hastily impro-
vised so as to be forwarded with the other
values. The design is the same in all respects,
but the value is in each case expressed in
coloured Roman capitals on a horizontal label
at the base of the stamp.

^d., blue, vermilion inscription of value; perf. 14.
2d., green, yellow ,, ,,

4d., brown, black ,, ,,

8 J., pink, blue ,, ,,

We illustrate the high values previously described.

Greece. — The I.B.J, states that the Hellenic postal authorities
have purchased three perforating-machines of the most approved
construction in Leipsic. We may hence speedily have a govern-
mental and authentic perforation that may be accepted by every
collector without any sort of misgiving.

uwm/wwi

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 73

Grenada. — We illustrate the provisional de-
scribed by us last month.

Holland. — We hear that a new issue of stamps
will shortly take place here with the presentment
c of the youthful Queen Wilhelmina. We trust they
: s may be an improvement on those now current.

Italy. — The 2 centesimi Unpaid Letter Stamp, yellow-brown
and crimson, has been transformed into new and higher values by
the addition of black ovals covering the central space, and
containing two lined circles for the added numerals.

10 cents, black, on 2 c, yellow and crimson ; wmk. Crown ; perf. 14.
"0 >> j» »j >> >»

We have received from Messrs. Eidpath & Co. a specimen of
another new Provisional — the current 5 c, green, surcharged in
the lower left angle " C™1," and in the opposite corner " 2."
2 c, black surcharge, on 5 c, green, current issue.

Jamaica. — The new value of the permanent type has appeared.
It closely resembles the Seychelles issue, the design consisting of
the head of Her Majesty to left, within a small circle of colour
bearing the inscription ''Jamaica — postage and revenue." The
lower portion of the stamp is occupied by an octagonal label,
bearing the value in another colour, and various fancy ornaments
complete the design.

2|d., grey and blue ; wmk. Crown and C A ; perf. 14.

Luxemburg. — From the I.B.J, we learn that a new design for
the Luxemburg stamps has been prepared by Professor Engels.
The Grand Duke will be represented in quarter length, and the
heraldic functionaries have satisfied their souls at last in the
delicate work of grafting the Nassau lion on that of Luxemburg,
which we hear will "lie down with" each other in an eminently
satisfactory manner. The design is said to be "exceptionally
handsome, " in which certes it will not resemble the present issue ;
we therefore await its advent with impatience.

Mauritius. — The Timbre-Poste says that "the tariff in this
island will be reduced to 10 cents per letter, in accordance with the
wish of the General English Postal Administration"; and that,
"while awaiting the stamps ordered from London, the 16, 25, and
38 cents will be surcharged 10 cents."

Monaco. — Our publishers have sent us the 1 franc of the new
type. The design, like the country that issues it, 1T^J1_^_r^wwu,
is of an unpretending nature, and bears the head <fl
of the reigning prince to left in a circle, occupying
about two -thirds of the stamp ; while a young
person, seated apparently on a box, containing \\
the numeral of value, on the right, satisfactorily
occupies the remaining third of the label. "YVe
append illustration.

1 franc, brown on yellow ; perf. 14.

74 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

New South Wales. — Mr. A. de \Yorms has shown us a
stamp that we do not remember to have seen or to have heard of
as yet. It is the Twopenny of the current set, Centennial die,
but printed on the fiscal paper; i.e. watermark in larger type and
without crown. The Id. and 2d. of the preceding issue on this
paper are, of course, well known, and the Id. of the current set,
making four varieties in all printed on this paper. There have
been apparently in both cases far more printed of
the Id. than of the 2d. value.

2d. (current issue), dark blue on fiscal paper ; wmk.
N.S.W.; perf. 13.

We illustrate the last new Service Stamp, the 6d.
with the letters " o s " inserted in white circles in
the upper angles. B~££

6d., current type, with "OS" in white circles.

Nossi-Be. — In addition to the varieties chronicled in the Record
(pp. 8, 27), we learn from the Timlre-Poste that there is a further
variety on the 40 c, vermilion, of the 1877 issue. The surcharge
consists simply of the figures " 25 c," about 4J mm. in height,
directly over the 40. The specimen bears the date of obliteration
"June 4, 1889."

25 c, black surcharge, on 40 c, vermilion, 1877 type.

Orange Free State. — Our publishers have shown us a speci-
men of the stamp described in the March number of the Record,

p. 52, with a repeated surcharge.

Id. on 3d., blue, double black surcharge; perf. 14.

Queensland. — We have received from Mr. TT. Ravaison the
current 2d. value perf. 9 J x 12, the Id. of which we have long
had in our own collection. The shade is a full bright blue, and
the larger perforation is at the top and bottom of the stamp.
2d., current issue ; perf. 9^ x 12.

Mr. A. de TTorms has shown us the further values of the high-
value set printed on the thick white paper with the new watermark.
The 2s. is apparently obsolete, as the 2s. brown has been long in
issue; but none the less this value has been printed on the new
paper, although the stamp submitted to us bore on its face the
word " Specimen."

2s., blue, on thick white wove paper ; new-shaped wmk. Q & Crown ; pf. 12.
2s. 6d., vermilion ,, ,, ,, ,,

10s., brown

Soruth. — The editor of the Stamp News announces the receipt
of a fresh edition of the so-called reprints of the early type-set
stamps, less likely even to be mistaken for originals than those
chronicled twelve months since. The present set consists of the
1 a. in red, and the 4 a. in black, on white laid, with both values
in black on thin blue wove.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

South Australia. — To our description of the provisional 5d.
in our last issue we have to add that the surcharge is red, the
colour of the stamp brown, and that it is watermarked SA and
Crown, and perf. 10.

The current value 4d., violet, has been applied to official use.
4d., current issue, violet, surcharged "O.S." in black.

Swazieland. — In May and June of last year there were
described some varieties of types of these stamps, or rather the
surcharges. We have been informed by the present Postmaster-
General of Swazieland (who formerly held the same office in the
New Eepublic) that no such varieties exist, and that consequently
they are bogus.

Sweden. — New values of 5, 10, and 20 ore are in circulation.
As will be seen by our illustration, they are of a
handsome character, the engraving (taille-douce)
being finely executed. Other changes are also
foreshadowed.

5 ore, green ; wmk. Crown ; perf. 13.
10 „ red
20 „ blue

Victoria. — We were shown lately, by one of
the leading London dealers, a very interesting vertical pair of the
second issue 2d., with full-length portrait of the Queen. The top
stamp was lettered "z c," and the bottom one "i n," the space
intervening being 18J mm. It is thus evident that these stamps
were printed in two panes at least. The specimens in question
were of a greyish -brown, but with the background somewhat
worn, and were probably a late printing from the first lithographic
transfer.

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.

Brazil. — The P. J. A. states that the 200 reis of the old type
has been received in two new sizes, on unwatermarked laid paper.

200 reis, black ; 138 x 78 mm.
200 ,, ,, 120 x94 mm.

British East Africa. — A Eegistration Envelope has made its

appearance here, which we illustrate.
It measures 162x82 mm., and has
the word " Registered " in an oblong
frame to the right, with a square for
the stamp on the left, and the usual
inscriptions.

2 annas, blue on white laid linen-lined
paper.

Ecuador. — We gather from the I.B.J, that a Postal Union
5 c. Envelope has appeared in a somewhat smaller size.
5 centavos, blue, on yellow paper ; 12If. x 81 mm.

76 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Mauritius. — The Timbre- Poste states, on the authority of
M. Le Koy d'Etiolles, that the new 50 cent Envelopes will be
printed in yellow, without any alteration of the design. The
same journal mentions the interesting fact, that of the 1878
Envelopes with the surcharge of 50 cents, described in the Record
for February, but thirty-six copies were issued.
Collectors of "entire things" should be on
the look-out for what promises to be
rara avis.

We illustrate the Envelope described by
us last month.

Mexico. — We are indebted to the same
source for the information that another new
value of the type with figure at the right hand and Arms at the
left has been issued.

12 centavos, red ; 190 x 60 mm.

New South Wales. — A new official Registration Envelope
has made its appearance in this colony, somewhat resembling those
that have already been issued. On the upper border of the
envelope is inscribed, in Gothic letters, "On Iler Majesty's Ser-
vice," and to the left of this, "registered letter," in Eoman
capitals, with a line beneath ; in the centre, the words, " The
Cashier — Department of Public Instruction — Sydney." On the
left is the further inscription —

" Public Schools Savings Bank Returns.

Public School,
189,"

in small italics ; and there are the usual registration crossed lines
in red. The stamp on the flap has the coloured letters "O.S." in
small white circles.

Official Envelope, 6d., carmine; 220 x96 mm.

Salvador. — We feared that the list of the 1891 envelopes
given in our last number was hardly enough to satisfy the yearnings
for chromatic stationery on the part of the unwary Philatelist.
We now amplify our former list on the authority of the P. J. A.,
and trust that it will suffice for the present !

on white, amber, blue, salmon-red; 149 x86mm.
» >> jj >> »>

* > >»

, ,, ,, — 159 x89 mm.

1 cent,

lilac, o

2 cents,

red

5 „

brown

5 „

10 „

green

11 M

orange

20 „

carmine

22 „

dark brown

There is also a "last straw" in the shape of an additional wrapper.
Wrapper. 12£ cents, brown; 267x215 mm.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Straits Settlements. — We have a new

Registration Envelope here.

Registration Envelope. 5 c. , blue on white.

Victoria. — The Wrappers with the ob-
long stamp in red, as also others with the
current type of the Id. adhesive, have been
shown to us on grey, salmon-pink, straw,
and orange wove paper. These are, no
doubt, printed to order, and not an official
issue, although to our mind they are as interesting as the envelopes
of " many colours " hailing from the South American Republics.

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Argentine Republic. — To the list of Official Letter Cards that
we have already given in preceding numbers are to be added two
more, according to the Monthly Journal, respectively for "Minis-
terio de Guerra " and the " Ministerio de Eelaciones Exteriores."

Letter Cards. 5 c., War Department, 244 x 127.
5 c, Foreign Office „

Brazil. — A new letter card has been received by the editor of
the Timbre-Poste similar in type to that issued last year. It bears
the inscription Carte Bilhete (Nesto ludo so vendereco), and in the
lower left angle Brazil; while the second half of the card is
adorned by a representation of the Mint. The interior is white,
while the impression is in red on chamois, excepting the view of
Rio, which is in blue.

80 reis, red and blue on chamois.

Italy. — We illustrate below the post card described by us last
month (p. 58).

B- CARTOLrNA POSTALE

RISPOSTA

Provincia di.

Mexico. — It appears that the new cards that we illustrated on
pnge 58 consists of three values — 2, 3, and 5 centavos. The
Timbre-Poste quotes a "6 c, ultramarine, for the Interior"; but
this we have not yet come across. They are, says the /. B. J.,
type-printed, instead of, as heretofore, lithographed. The arms on
148**

78 PHILATELIC GAINS.

the left and the inscriptions also notably vary from those formerly
in use.

2 centavos, carmine, green inscriptions ; 140 x 90 mm.

3 „ red ., „ „
5 ,, blue red „ ,,

Roumania, — The new type that has already been noted on
the single, now appears on the double card.

Reply Card. 5x5 bani, black on rose.

Russia. — Here also the bachelor card has now its married
relation, the double card, of the new type "with a flight of
thunderbolts.'''
Reply Card. 8+3 kopecs, carmine on salmon (with thunderbolts added),
143 x 90 mm.

PHILATELIC GAINS OF 1890,

_\ :invxd from, page 62.)

The contents of the following list, not otherwise described, are to be taken
a? adhesives. Words in italics point to the particular change in the object
in question, which constitutes it a new variety ; and the page referred to is
that of the twelfth volume of the PkUatetic Record on which the novelty is
described. A nc :e of intern nation indicates that the authenticity is doubtful.

(

»>

55.

»>

(

55.)

(

55.)

(

55.)

55)

(

55.)

(

55.)

(

•1

55.

2sew Zealand.— Pest Card.

Id., red-brown, on pale buff card 'type of 1SS6 Reply Paid . (Page 140.)
Nicaraova. — Xcrw type, 1 centavo, yelk w-ochre. (Page 55.
2 centavos, vermilion.
5 „

10 „ grey.
20 .. red.
50 .. violet

1 peso, brown.

2 pesos, green.
5 ., pink.

10 ., orange.
Official Stamps. All the above values' printed uniformly in blue and sur-
charged in red.
Envelopes. 5 centavos on 10 c, lilac : surcharged in red. 'Page 30.)
5 .. blue: sue 150 x 87 nun* (Pase71.)
10 .. grey .. 160 x92 mm. ( „ 71.
20 .. pink .. 172 x95 mm. ( „ 71.)
30 .. red-brown; size 195 x 93 mm. Page 71.)
50 .. violet .. 239 x103 mm. ( „ 71.)

Wrappers. 1 centavo, green. (Page 71.
2 centavos ., ( „ 71.
4 „ „ ( „ 71.)

Post Cards. 2 centavos. chestnut-brown on cream. (Page 30.)
2-2 „ „ ( „ 30.)

Type of current adhesives.

2 c, brown on deep buff. (Page 177.)
2-2 c. .. „ ( ,: 177

3 c, blue on Yellow-buff. ( ., 177.)
3-3 c. „ .. ( „ 177.)

PHILATELIC GAINS.

Norway.— 2 ore, light yellow-brown ; perf. 13£. (Page 106.)
Post Card. 10 ore, red on white ; without frame. ( „ 106.)
Nova Scotia.— Reprints. (Page 194.)
Nowanugger. — 2 docras, black on yellow-green. (Page 140.)

3 „ „ yellowish-buff satine. (Page 140.)

Paraguay. — 1 c, green (1884), yellow wavy lines at back. (Page 124.)
5 c, brown (1881), imperf. (Page 178.)
10 c, green „ „ ( „ 178.)

Surcharged " Ojicial."
1 centavo, purple, surcharged in black ; perforated 11£. (Page 31.)
2centavos „ „ „ „ ( „ 31.)

3 „ „ „ „ imperforate. ( „ 31.)

Persia.— 7 ch., brown (type of issue of 1889) ; perf. 13£. (Page 124.)
Peru.— Current issue. Surcharged Official.

1 centavo, violet, hand-stamped in red. (Page 71.)

2 centavos, green „ „
5 „ orange „ „

10 „ slate „ „

20 „ blue „ „

50 „ pale vermilion „

1 sol, dull brown „ „

Philippines.— Head of Baby King ; perf. 14.

1 mila de peso, dark violet ; inscription filipas impresos. (Page 56.)

71.)
71.)
71.)
71.)
71.)
71.)

| de centavo, brown-violet
2 c. de peso, brown-red

filipinas.

8
10
12f
20
25
Telegraph Stamps

1 c. de p.

2 „

n „

5 „

10 „

12f „

20 „

25 „

ultramarine „

dark blue „

bronze-green „

yellow-green „

blue-green „

green „
pink
light yellow-brown „

56.)
56.)
56.)
56.)
56.)
56.)
56.)
56.)
56.)
56.)
56.)
56.)

blue-green ; new type.

(?)
violet-brown ,,
rose .,

(Page 124.)

124.)
124.)
124.)
124.)
124.)
124.)
124.)
124.)
124.)
124.)
124.)

bistre ,, (

brown-red ,, (

deep blue ,, (

bistre ,,

1 peso, bronze-green ,,

2 ,, orange-brown ,,
5 ,, yellow-green ,,

10 ,, deep violet ,,

Poonch.— 2 a., red on bluish laid paper. (Page 125.
Official Set. I a., black on yellowish batonne. (Page 210.)
ia. „ „ „ ( „ 210.)

2 a. „ „ „ ( „ 210.)

Porto Rico.— Head of Baby King ; perf. 14.

i mila. de peso, black, ' (Page 56.)

1 ,, blue-green. ( „ 56.)

2 „ pink. ( „ 56)
4 ,, bronze-green. ( „ 56.)
6 „ brown. ( „ 56.)
8 ,, greenish-bistre. ( „ 56.)

PHILATELIC GAINS.

(Page 56.)

V JJ

56.)

V }>

56.)

V »

56.)

' ))

56.)

V JJ

56.)

\ 5>

56.)

' ?)

56.)

\ )»

56.)

Porto Rico — continued.

1 c. de peso, yellow-bistre.

2 ,, dark violet.

3 ,, dark blue.
5 ,, violet-brown.
8 ,, ultramarine.

10 ,, pink.

20 ,, vermilion-red.

40 „ orange.

80 ,, yellow-green.

Post Card. Type of current adhesive. 3 c, green on salmon. (Page 210.)

Portugal. — Current type. 25 reis, red-violet. (Page 31.)

80 ,, orange-yellow. ( „ 31.)
Post Card.. 10 reis, brown on buff, without lines on back. (Page 31.)

Putttalla. — 1 a., brown, double surcharge red and black. (Page 178.)

Queensland. —

1882 issue. Id., 4d., 6d., and Is., varieties of type. (Page 71.)

Id., red (current type) ; per/. 9\ and 12. ( „ 158 )

1 shilling, mauve, icith burele pattern on the back. ( „ 158.)

2 shillings, brown, type of the lower values of 1882. ( „ 158.)
2 ,, (current issue), ultramarine ; no wmk. ( „ 210.)
5 ,, ,, carmine ,, ( „ 210.)

£1 (current issue), deep green ; no wmk. (Page 210.)

Reunion. — Post Card. Variety of type-set card of June, 1874.
5 c, black on white. (Page 178.)

ROUMANIA. —

1^ bani, violet-red on watermarked paper ; perf.
3 ,, violet ,, ,,

Page 56.)
„ 56.)
„ 56.)
„ 56.)
» 56.
„ 56.

;, 210.)

5 ,, sea-green „ ,, ,,

10 ,, brick-red „ ,, ,,

15 ,, bistre ,, ,, ,,

25 ,, ultramarine ,, ,, ,,

50 ,, orange „ „ „

Unpaid Letter Stamps.

5 bani, green, on watermarked paper. (Page 106.)

10 „ „ „ „ ( „ 106.)

30 „ „ „ „ ( „ 125.)

Post Cards. New type.

5 bani, black on rose ; reverse cream. ( „ 158.)

10 „ „ grey „ ( „ 158.)

Russia. — Current type, with Thunderbolts added.

1 kopeck, orange-yellow ; perf. 14. (Page 31.)

2 „ yellow-green „ ( „ 71.)

3 ,, carmine ,, ( „ 106.)
5 ,, violet ,, ( „ 125.)
7 ,, blue „ ( „ 5.)

14 ,, blue and pink ,, ( „ 106.)

3£ roubles, black and grey ,, ( „ 195.)

1 kop., yellow; imperf. (Page 178.)

2 „ green „ ( „ 178.)

3 ,, carmine ,, ( „ 178.)

Half of 2 kop., green ; used as 1 kop. (Page 178.)
Wrappers. 1 kopeck, orange on buff. (Page 32.)

2 ,, green on buff (two sizes). ( „ 32.)
2 „ „ 444 x76 mm. ( „ 195.)

Post Card. 3 + 3 kop., carmine on buff; all in colour. (Page 195.)
Letter Cards.
5 kop., violet on white. (Page 32.)

7
10

blue and red on yellow-buff,
blue on grey.

32.

32.)

PHILATELIC GAINS. 81

Russia — continued.

5 kop., violet on cream; without dotted ground; perf. 13|. (Page 178.)

5 ,, „ perf. 13J on the right and below only. ( „ 178.)

5 ,, ,, perf. 11^ on the left and below only : ( „ 178.)

5 ,, ,, perf. 11^ below only. (Page 178.)

7 ,, blue and red on buff; perf. 11^ below only. (Page 178.)

7 „ „ ,, double peri. 11^. ' ( „ 178.)

7 ,, ,, ,, imperf. (Page 178.)

Russian Locals.— Pages 5, 6, 7, 71, 72, 106, 107, 108, 125, 141, 159, 160, 179, 195.

St. Christopher. —

1 penny, red, Antigua stamp used temporarily. (Page 72.)
6 pence, green-grey ; wmk. Crown CA ; perf. 14. ( „ 108. )

St. Helena.— 4 pence, black-brown; wmk. Crown CA; perf.14. (Page 89.)
1| ,, red-brown, tablet and " St. Helena" in green (die of
Seychelles stamps) ; wmk. Crown C A ; perf. 14. (Page 89. )
St. Thomas and Prince Island. — Current type overprinted.

5 reis on 10 reis, green ; surcharged in black. (Page 7.)
5 „ 20 „ pink „ „ ( „ 7.)

St. Vincent. — Black surcharge.

2| pence on 1 penny, blue ; wmk. Crown Agents. (Page 33.)
2\ pence on 4 pence, claret; ,, Crown C A. ( „ 179.)

Salvador. — Type of 1 centavo, green.

2 centavos, carmine-red ; upper inscription barred. (Page 57.)

Current type surcharged.

1 centavo, green ; surcharged in black " 1889." (Page 57.)

3 centavos, brown ,, „ „ ( „ 57.)

5 ,, ultramarine ,, ,, ( ,, 57.)

10 „ orange „ „ ,, ( „ 57.)

New types. 1 centavo, dark green. (Page 57.)

2 centavos, yellow-brown. ( ,, 57.)

3 „ yellow. ( „ 57.)
5 „ blue. ( „ 57.)

10 „ violet. ( „ 57.)

20 „ orange. ( ,, 57.)

25 „ red. ( „ 57.)

50 ,, brown-violet. ( ,, 57.)

1 peso lake-red. ( ,, 57.)

Envelopes. With stamp on flap, similar to that on the envelopes of 5 c.

10 centavos, red on orange ; size 152 x 83 mm. (Page 57.)

10 „ ,, white; size 152x120mm. ( ,, 57.)

11 ,, brown on white; size 143x109 mm. ( ,, 57.)
New types. Size 160 x 90 mm.

5 centavos, blue on white and yellow. (Page 57.)

10 ,, brown-red on white. ( ,, 57.)

11 ,, dark yellow on white. ( ,, 57.)
20 ,, red-violet on white. ( ,, 57.)
22 ,, yellow-brown on white. ( ,, 57.)

5 „ blue on green. ( ,, 73.)

10 ,, brown-red on straw and azure. ( ,, 73.)

11 ,, dark yellow on straw and azure. ( „ 73.)
20 „ red- violet on straw and azure. ( „ 73.)
22 ,, yellow-brown on straw and green. ( ,, 73.)

Wrappers. 3 centavos, red-brown on white on azure. ( ,, 73.)

6 ,, >> j» )) ( ,, 73.)

12^ ,, ,, ,, ,> ( ,, 73.)

25 ,, ,, ,, ), ( ,, 73.)

Post Cards for the interior and exterior.

2 centavos, brown on buff. (Page 73.)

2 + 2 „ „ „ ( „ 73.)

3 ,, red on white. ( ,, 73.)

3 + 3 ,, ,, ,, ( ,, 73.)

82 PHILATELIC GAINS.

San Marino.— 5 c, golden yellow ; current type. (Page 125.)

25 c, violet=brown ,, ( ,, 125.)

Letter Card. 20 c, brown-red on saffron. ( „ 141.)

Scinde. — I anna, embossed in red. (Page 108.)

Servia.— New type. 5 para, green ; perf. 13. (Pages 73, 160.)

10 „ pink „ ( ,, 73, 160.)

15 „ violet „ ( „ 73, 170.)

20 „ orange „ ( „ 73,160.)

25 „ blue „ ( „ 73,160.)

50 „ bistre „ ( ,, 73, 160.)

1 dinar, lilac. ( „ 73,160.)

Post Cards. 5 para, blue on pink (Page 73.)

5 + 5 ,, ,, ,, ( ,, 73.)

10 ,, red on red-buff. ( ,, 73.)

10+10 „ „ „ ( „ 73.)

Arms on the upper left, and frame in carmine.

5 para, grey-green and carmine on rose. (Page 196.)
5 + 5 „ „ „ „ ( „ 196.)

Seychelles Islands. — Watermarked Crown CA, and perforated 14.
2 cents, green tablet in carmine. (Pages 74, 89.)

4 ,, carmine „ green. ( „ 74, 89.)

8 ,, brown „ blue. ( „ 74, 89.)

10 ,, blue „ brown. ( „ 74,89.)

13 „ grey „ black. ( „ 74, 89.)

16 ,, brown-orange „ blue. ( „ 74, 89.)

48 „ yellow „ green. ( „ 74, 89.)

96 ,, purple „ carmine. ( „ 74, 89.)

Post Cards. 4 cents, carmine on buff. (Page 109.)
8 „ brown „ ( „ 109.)

Shanghai. — New type.

2 cents, brown on plain paper. (Pages 32, 58.)

5 „ pink „ „ ( „ 32, 58.)
10 ,, black on watermarked paper. ( ,, 32,58.)
15 ,, blue on plain paper. ( ,, 32, 58.)
20 ,, violet on watermarked paper. ( ,, 32,58)

PostCard. New type. 2 cents, orange on white. (Page 89.)

Siam. — Current issue ; overprinted.
1 att on 2 atts, green and pink ; surcharged in black. (Page 7.)

,, ,, ,, ,, „ „ varieties in surch. (Page 33.)

1 att on 3 atts, green on blue „ „ (Page 196.)

Sierra Leone. — Current type.

6 pence, brown; wmk. Crown CA ; perf. 14. (Page 90.)

Sirmoor.— (?) \ anna of 1880 issue ; perf. 12|. (Page 7.)

So ruth.— Type of 1864 (?). 1 anna, grey-black on bluish paper. (Page 90.)

Type of the first issue re-composed.

1 anna, blood-red on white perf. and imperf. (Page 74.)

1 ,, black on blue ,, ,, ( „ 74.)

4 ,, black on blue and on white ,, ,, ( „ 74.)

Reprints. (Page 141.)

South Australia. — Varying sizes of watermarks.

Current type, wmk. Crown S A ; perf. 10. (Page 109.)
4d., purple. New design. (Page 125.)

Spain.— Post Cards. Head of Baby King.

5 c, green on buff. (Page 125.)

10 c, red „ Postal Union. ( ,, 125.)

10 c, violet-brown on buff. Interior. ( ,, 180.)

{To be continued.)

MILITARY TELEGRAPHS. 83

MILITARY TELEGRAPHS,

A Paper read before the Philatelic Society, London, Feb. 20th, 1891.
By A. B. CREEKE, Junr.

The only allusions to these stamps, seen by me, are contained on pages
50-51 and 117=118 of vol. x. of The Philatelic Record, and on page 48
of the recently-published Postage Stamps of the United Kingdom, by
Mr. Westoby.

These were all confessedly incomplete, as no copies of the very scarce
locally surcharged set had been seen by the authors.

A chance remark made in the presence of a friend, who had, unknown
to me, a fine and complete collection of these stamps, was the means of
enabling me to write the paper which I have the pleasure of reading
before you this evening.

The types of the stamps of this series being the same throughout, and
the different issues being caused solely by the absence or presence of an
additional surcharge, it will be as well to first describe the stamps as
they existed before being appropriated for this service.

They are of the series known as the unappropriated dies, the only
inscription thereon being the value in English currency, a blank tablet
— tablets in the £1— being provided to receive the overprint of the
particular service in which they are to be issued. The values used,
which are of three principal designs (varying inter se as regards the
minute details), are the Id., 2d., 3d., 6d., 8d., Is., 2s., 5s., 10s., and £1,
all surface-printed by Messrs. De la Rue & Co., from steel-faced electro-
types, in doubly-fugitive ink, on machine-made, medium, surfaced,
white, wove, watermarked paper. In the following descriptions all the
measurements are given in millimetres.

I. TJie Id., 2d., 3d., 6d. and 8d. — Diademed profile of Queen
Victoria to left, on ground of horizontal lines, within a single-lined
octagonal frame. Below is a blank tablet, the groundwork of which is
of a reticulated, zig-zag, or trellis pattern. The values are in shaded
block capitals on either side of the head, the word on the left reading
upwards, that on the right downwards. The spandrels are filled in with
small conventional ornaments, and the entire design is enclosed by a
single coloured line. Inscriptions : to left, " one," " two," " three,''
"six" or " eight "; to right, "penny" or "pence." Colour, purple;
shape, upright rectangular ; size, 18| x 22^ mm. ; wmk, orb ; per/., 14 ;
No. on sheet, 120 in one pane, of ten horizontal rows of twelve each.

II. The Is., 2s., 5s. and 10s. — Diademed profile of Queen Victoria to
left on ground of horizontal lines, within an uncoloured oval frame, which
touches the top and sides of the stamp. Below is a blank tablet, with
a zigzag groundwork. The values are in shaded block capitals above
and below the head, the words being inside, and following the curve of,
the oval frame. The spandrels are filled in with conventional leaf- or
scroll-like ornaments, except in the 2s. value, where they each contain
a small diagonally-disposed uncoloured label, bearing a coloured figure
" 2," with an ornament on either side. A single coloured line encloses
the design. Inscriptions: above, "one," "two," "five" or "ten";
below, "shilling" or "shillings." Colour, green; shape, upright
rectangular; size, 18 x 31 mm. ; wmk, " V.R.," in script capitals, reading
upwards ; perf., 13^ ; No. on sheet, 84 in one pane, of seven hori-
zontal rows of twelve each.

84 MILITARY TELEGRAPHS.

III. The £1. — Diademed profile of Queen Victoria to left, on ground
of horizontal lines within an upright oval frame, bearing leaf-like
ornaments, and the sides of which almost touch the exterior line ronnd
the stamp. Above and below the oval, and following its curve, is a
blank tablet, the groundwork of which is of a net pattern. The ends
of these tablets are cut off close to, and parallel with, the sides of the
stamp ; and the centres of their upper and lower sides respectively
almost touch the exterior line. The value is in shaded block capitals,
above and below the head, the words being inside, and following the
curve of, the oval frame. The spandrels are filled in with leaf-like
ornaments, and a single coloured line encloses the design. Inscriptions:
above, "one"; below, "pouxd." Colour, purple; shape, upright
rectangular; size, 22| x 3Si mm. ; icml;., two orbs, sideways ; perf. L3ff
vertically, 14 horizontally ; No. on sheet, 60 in one pane, of six
horizontal rows of ten each.

The immediate cause of the issue of these stamps, after being
"appropriated," was the inconvenience caused to the officials in charge
of the Army Telegraphs in Egypt, through having to keep account
of small amounts paid in currency. With a view to obviate this
inconvenience, Colonel "Webber, c.b., of the Royal Engineers, personally
applied, in the autumn of 1SS4, to the Controller of Stamps at Somerset
House, for a series of stamps from the "unappropriated dies," overprinted
" Military Telegraphs.'' Confirming this request, a communication from
the War Office, formally authorising the above requisition, was received
early in September of that year.

A supply of the required stamps had apparently been at once struck
off; for, immediately on receipt of the above, the following were sent
to Colonel Webber, who had meanwhile gone to Cairo :
42 sheets of 120 (5,010 stamps), at Id.

42 ,, „ (5,040 ,, ), at 3d.

43 ,, ,, (5,160 „ ), at 6d.

62 ., of S4 (5,208 ,, ), at Is.

63 „ „ (5,292 „ . ), at 2s.
61 ,, „ (5,124 ,, ), at 5s.
63 „ „ (5,292 ,, ), at 10s.
83 „ of 60 (4,980 ,, ), at £1.

In all 41,136 stamps, of the aggregate value of £9,909 12s. They were
received about the middle of September, 18S4, and presumably issued
at once.

These stamps were, as I have stated, from the " unappropriated dies,"
the appropriating overprint being '''military telegraphs," in block
capitals, struck on the blank tablet reserved for that purpose. Of this
issue impressions were registered as follows : the Id., Is., and £1 on the
9th September, 1884 ; the other values on the following day.

On all the values under £1, this overprint is in two lines, the letters
being 2 mm. in height. The words in the jjence values are respectively
14 and 17 mm. in length, with the lines some 4 m. apart ; in the shilling
values they respectively measure 14§ and 15| mm. in length, and the
lines are 1 m. apart. On the £1, the first word occupies the upper
tablet, the last the lower one. The letters are 2§ mm. high, each word
following the curve of its tablet, and each measuring 19 mm. from end
to end, taken straight across. The colour of this overprint varies on
the different values — Id., black ; 2d. (not included until the last issue),
blue ; 3d., brown-red ; 6d., green ; 8d. (also not included), brown ; Is.,
black ; 2s., blue ; 5s., lilac-rose ; 10s., pink ; and £1, black.

Another consignment of these stamps was prepared for the Bechuana-
land Expedition, and was forwarded, towards the end of November,

MILITARY TELEGRAPHS. 85

1884, to Captain Jelf, r.e., commanding the Telegraph Corps, and were
received by him when on board H.M.S. Pembroke Castle. I do not
know the numbers of this supply.

In the middle of February, 1885, a communication was received from
the War Office, asking that a supply of these stamps might be sent to
Major Turner at Aldershot, he being under orders for Suakin. A
consignment was accordingly forwarded to him, but I cannot ascertain
the quantity of it.

Hitherto, the overprint of " military telegraphs " had been made
from ordinary printer's type; but early in January, 1885, it was decided
to make some permanent provision lor overprinting these stamps, as
there then appeared to be very little likelihood of any lengthy period
of peace. Accordingly, plates of the overprint were ordered, and
completed early in March, and a supply struck off.

The two overprints — type-printed and plate-printed —are absolutely
identical, but those from plates are a little clearer than those from type.
The first consignment, with the plate overprint, was sent to Cairo in
March, 1885. Again, I cannot give the numbers.

This finishes the first issue, and brings us to the second, or locally
surcharged one, which was used in Egypt only.

It would appear that in 1886, the Director of Army Telegraphs in
Egypt found that considerable difficulty was experienced, in maintaining
equation between the telegraph charges in Egyptian currency, and the
telegraph stamps with value in English money ; and this difficulty was
further increased by the depreciation of English silver which took place
about this time. To remedy this, the entire stock of these stamps then
in Egypt was surcharged with arbitrary piastre values, in the manner
described below.

The extreme dryness of the African climate naturally caused the
sheets of stamps to curl up ; and that to such an extent, as to make it
impossible to surcharge entire sheets at once, either by printing or
lithography. The stupendous task of surcharging each stamp separately
was resolved upon, and was, in July, 1886, carried out by means of
a self-inking revolving stamp. The result seems to have been more
expensive than satisfactory ; still the surcharge is clearly and neatly
printed in black ink.

To take the values seriatim:

On the Id. — A single line, 27 mm. long, extends from the upper right-
hand corner of the stamp to its lower left-hand corner. In the upper
half of the stamp are the letters " p. t " (i.e., Piastre Turkish) in block
capitals 2f mm. high, and together 6| mm. long, with a point after the
first letter. Below these is "0. l"in ordinary figures, the "1" being
shaped like an italic figure, but printed upright ; they are 2| mm. high,
and together 6 mm. in length. In the lower half is a similar arrangement,
only "p. t" is below the figures; these are respectively b\ and 4| mm.
in length, and 2f mm. high. No part of this surcharge, except the end
of the line, is supposed to encroach on the tablet.

This stamp, in its entirety, represents one-fifth of a piastre, or two
dimes. It was permissible to bisect it, when each half became of the
value of one-tenth of a piastre, or one dime.

On the 'M. — Two parallel lines, 23 mm. long and some \ m. apart, run as
in the last surcharge, but do not extend so low down. In the upper half
of the stamp are, in block capitals 3 mm. high, the letters " p. t.", with a
point after each letter ; below them is " 0. 25 v in ordinary figures.
These inscriptions are each 8 mm. in length. The value in the lower half
is similarly expressed, but " p. t." is below the figures ; their height is
as before, and they are respectively 7^ and 8 mm. in length.

86 MILITARY TELEGRAPHS.

This stamp, which could also he bisected, -was of the value of half a
piastre, or 5 dimes, each half heing, after bisection, a quarter piastre, or
2\ dimes.

On the 6d. — The surcharge, which is in the upper part of the stamp,
over the original value, consists of " one piastre," in block capitals
3 mm. high, the words being respectively 7 and 15 mm. in length :
" one" is on the left of the head, "piastre" on the right, both reading
upwards, and being about 9 mm. apart. The last letter of " one " is
appreciably larger than the other letters.

On the Is., 2s., 5s. and 10s. — The surcharges, in block capitals 3 mm.
high, are respectively "five piastres," "ten piastres," "twenty
five piastres" and "fifty piastres," the word "piastres" being
below the head, and the number thereof above. In each case the
surcharge is inside, and follows the curve of the oval frame, covering
the original value. The lengths of the surcharges, measured straight
across from end to end, are respectively 11 and 14 mm., 9| and 14 mm.,
13 and 10 mm., and 8 and 11 mm.

On the £1. — This value is surcharged "hundred piastres" in block
capitals 2\ mm. high, the words together, and measured as before, being
18| mm. from end to end. Both are below the head, just inside, and
following the curve of, the oval frame.

This issue was in use from July, 1886, to the end of the following
February. The unused remainders were subsequently brought back to
England and destroyed.

In order to avoid this costly and unsatisfactory mode of surcharging,
it was determined that the piastre values should be overprinted at the
same time as the words "military telegraphs." Accordingly, stamps
overprinted as follows were ordered :

Id., overprinted "One dime."
2d. „ " Two dimes."

3d. ,, "Five dimes."

6d. ,, "One piastre."

8d. ,, " Two piastres."

Is. ,, " Five piastres. "

2s. ,, " Ten piastres."

5s. ,, "Twentv-five piastres."

10s. ,, "Fifty piastres."

,£1 ,, " One hundred piastres."

I should have previously mentioned that 10 dimes equal 1 piastre, of
which about 97£ are equivalent to our £1.

The 2d. and 8d. stamps, as you will remember, were not in the former

issues ; but it was determined to employ them in order to avoid bisection.

The additional overprint was carried out by Messrs. De La Rue and

Co., being printed from ordinary printer's type, to save the expense of

having special plates made.

In November, 1886, the overprints were formally approved, and a
supply struck off, which was sent to Cairo early in the following
February. The numbers were as follows :

25 sheets of 120 (3,000 stamps), of 1 dime.

25 ,.

(3,000 ,,

), of 2 dimes.

25 „

(3,000 „

), of 5 „

25 „

„ (3,000 ,,

), of 1 piastre.

25 „

„ (3,000 ,,

), of 2 piastres.

400 „

of 84 (33,600 „

), of 5 „

150 „

(12,600 „

), of 10 „

75 „

(6,300 ,,

), of 25 „

25 ,,

(2,100 „

), of 50 „

25 „

of 60 (1,500 „

), oflOO „

MILITARY TELEGRAPHS. 87

In all 71,100 stamps, of the aggregate value of 717,900 piastres. The
overprint of "military telegraphs" is similar to that on the last
issue : of course, from plates. The values in Egyptian currency were
overj^rinted in black block capitals, 3 mm. in height. They are as
follows :

On the Id., 2d. and 3d.— On the left of head, "one," "two," or
" five " ; on the right, " dime " or " dimes," all reading upwards. The
words measure respectively 5| and 7^ mm., 5| and 10 mm., and 5^
and 10 mm., and are 10 mm. apart.

On the 6d. and 8d.— On the left of head, "one" or "two"; on the
right, " piastre " or " piastres." The words are in length respectively
6| and 11 mm., and 7 and 13 mm., and are 10 mm. apart. They all
read upwards.

On the Is., 2s., 5s., 10s. and £1. — These overprints are in straight
lines above and below the head. Above, "five," "ten," "twenty-
five," " fifty," or " one hundred " ; below, " piastres." The lengths
of the words on the different values are respectively 1\ and 12 mm.,
6^ and 13 mm., 16 and 13| mm., 9 and 13 mm., and 18^ and 13 mm.
The words of each overprint are 14 mm. apart, except on the 25 piastres,
where the space is 15.

Impressions were registered on the 13th December, 1886. The issue
continued in use until the spring of 1890, though the employment was
evidently very limited, as very nearly all the stamps were returned to
England and destroyed.

This completes all the information I have been able to obtain con-
cerning these stamps. They are an interesting series, with one issue
which has also the merit of being very rare : this must be my excuse
for troubling you to listen to my paper.

In conclusion, I wish to tender my thanks to the authorities at the
War Office and at Somerset House, for allowing me to be furnished
with the above information ; to " my friend " for placing at my disposal
his fine collection of these stamps ; to our President for many kind
hints and valuable details ; and, finally, to Mr. Purcell, the Controller
of Stamps, for lending me the specimens which are now before you.

For facility of reference, I append a synopsis of the various issues,
premising that the colours of the stamps and of the overprints of
" military telegraphs," together with the watermarks and perfora-
tions, remain the same throughout.

Issue I.
With overprint of " military telegraphs " only.
(a) September, 1884. — Overprint from type. Used in Cairo, Bechuana-
land, and Suakin.

(6) March, 1885. — Overprint from plate. Used in Cairo only.
Id., 3d., 6d., purple. | Is., 2s., 5s., 10s., green. £1, purple.

Issue II.
July, 1886. — Above stamps [1 (a) or (6), or both], additionally sur-
charged, in Egypt, with arbitrary piastre values. Used in Cairo only.

Id., surcharged as 2 dimes, and divisible into halves of 1 dime.

,, ,, 2£ dimes.

3d.

5 „

6d.

>»

1 piastre.

Is.

5 piastres

2s.

»i

10 „

5s.

25 „

10s.

>»

50 „

£1

»>

100 „

MILITARY TELEGRAPHS.

Issue III.

February 1887. — Stamps similar to those of Issue I. (6), additionally
overprinted, in England, with, piastre values.

Id., overprinted 1 dime.
2d. „ 2 dimes.

3d. „ 5 „

6d. „ 1 piastre.

8d. „ 2 piastres.

Is., overprinted 5 piastres.
2s. „ 10 „

os. „ 25 „

10s. „ 50 „

£1 „ 100

THE LOCAL SURCHARGES OF ISSUE I.
ONi? ON 3? ON 6?

P.T /
0.1 /

/0.I
/ P T

P.T. /

°-2yo25

ONE
PIASTRE

ON I?

on£I

on5?

on 2!

onIOS

CORRESPONDENCE. 89

The remains of the late Mr. T. K. Tapling, m.p., were interred
at Norwood Cemetery on Friday, the 17th instant. The first
portion of the Church Service took place at Gumley Church,
Leicestershire, in the presence of a large congregation. Among
the mourners were Mr. Victor Tapling, the Earl of Kingston,
Lord Dunsany, and Mr. W. G. Hargreaves. As the funeral
cortege passed to Keb worth Station, on its way to London, the
road was lined with representatives of all the political Associa-
tions in the district.

A very large assemblage of friends, mourners, and emploije's
were present at the interment at Norwood, including the Presi-
dent and Committee of the London Philatelic Society, nearly all
the members, and indeed almost every name of note among
collectors and dealers in the south of England.

The Assistant Hon. Secretary of the Philatelic Society, whose services
are so highly esteemed by his brother members, has been for a short
period necessarily absent from his post, causing a slight delay in the
preparation of the minutes of the Society's last meetings. The sad
cause of his absence is indeed known, and has called forth from all
sides the most sincere sympathy with Mr. Tilleard under his double

bereavement.

* * *

We have reason to believe that a considerable number of the Tolima
stamps of the first issue (oblong type set), on white, blue, and yellowish
paper, have been exported from Columbia for the delectation of collectors.
Hence we take occasion to advise our philatelic friends to exercise
caution in purchasing these goods from any but well -recognized

channels.

* * *

The advocates of Imperial Uniform Postage are, under the cegis of
the Imperial Federation League, bestirring themselves. We have just
received an interesting brochure on the subject by Mr. R. J. Beadon,
which we hope to review in our next issue.

MR. PATRICK CHALMERS AND THE MISSING DOCUMENTS.

To the Editor of " The Philatelic Record."

14, Springfield Road, Wimbledon, April 8th, 1891.
Sir, — Your last issue contains a letter from Mr. Pearson Hill to the
Treasury on the subject of our controversy. I now beg to hand you copy of
a letter from myself to the Treasury, which I trust you will impartially
publish in your next issue, and oblige

Your obedient Servant,

Pat. Chalmers.

90 CORRESPONDENCE.

Copy of a Letter to the Secretary to Her Majesty' }s Treasury.

Wimbledon, March 10th, 1891.

Sir, — With reference to my letter of 4th December last, handing a Petition
to the Lords of Her Majesty's Treasury, praying that their Lordships would
be pleased to call upon Mr. Pearson Hill to restore to the Treasury certain
official correspondence and other documents removed from the Treasury by
the late Sir Rowland Hill while in the pay and service of the Treasury, I
beg now to inform you that the major portion of such correspondence and
documents, or of copies of same, has since come into my possession.

The pamphlet herewith, " Discovery of Contents, with Letters from Mr.
Rowland Hill, Mr. Wallace, M.P., and others," will explain in what manner
this possession has been arrived at, and I am satisfied the particulars would
prove of interest to their Lordships, should their Lordships find leisure to
peruse same.

I have read in a Philatelic journal copy of a letter of date 14th January
last, addressed to your Assistant Secretary by Mr. Pearson Hill, the contents
of which, setting aside the verbiage and vituperation in which the writer of
same has indulged, are simply a repetition of his refusal to make public, or
to return to the Treasury, the correspondence I have asked for. This reso-
lution on the part of Mr. Pearson Hill, it will now be seen, proves detrimental
to no one but himself. Mr. Pearson Hill refuses to disclose these letters,
sheltering himself under the plea that same were private, though at same
time he has not hesitated to publish an " Extract " from one of these letters
purporting to favour his own views. No one who now reads what has come
into my possession will be at a loss to understand Mr. Pearson Hill's reasons
for still withholding this correspondence under the plea* of " privacy."

As to official letters or documents, Mr. Pearson Hill disclaims having any
in his possession, and that consequently he cannot return the missing letters
in response to the demand of your Under-Secretary.

Happily I can now supply this deficiency, copies of the official letters of
James Chalmers to the Lords of the Treasury, of dates 1st and 7th October,
1839, having now been found amongst the papers of Mr. Chalmers, confirming
his title to having been the originator of the Adhesive Postage Stamp as
ultimately adopted by the Treasury, and yet in use.

I am likewise now in possession of the text of and signatures to the
missing memorial of the bankers, merchants, and others of Dundee, to the
number of 84, of date 30th September, 1839, addressed to the Lords of Her
Majesty's Treasury, in support of the plan of their townsman — a document
proving that, up to that period, the mercantile community knew nothing of,
and had heard or read nothing of, any proposal or pretension on the part of
Mr. Hill in connection with the stamp in question, and respecting which
document you have already informed me that same "is not now in the
possession of the Treasury, nor is it amongst the papers preserved at the
Record Office."

Thus, both on the part of the Treasury and on the part of Mr. Pearson
Hill, the possession of or knowledge of the contents of these official com-
munications is disclaimed. What, then, has become of these missing letters
and documents, wholly condemnatory as they were of the pretensions of Mr.
Hill to having been the originator of the Adhesive Postage Stamp ?
I remain, respectfully, Sir,

Your obedient servant,
(Signed) Patrick Chalmers.

Sir R. E. Welby, Secretary H.M. Treasury, Whitehall.

BRITISH ADHESIVE STAMPS.

THE "JUBILEE" ISSUE.

Dear Sir, — As a collector of British adhesive stamps I must acknowledge
my indebtedness to the authors of the papers on the "Jubilee" issue, which
appeared in numbers 140 and 141 of your magazine, and which contained

CORRESPONDENCE. 91

much that was new to me. It would be a great advantage to collectors, such
as myself, were you to publish in The Record, when the event occurs, any
variation in the letters on the sheets, jubilee lines, &c, so that one could be
on the outlook at the time instead of remaining ignorant of the change, and
having to pay fancy prices after the variety has become obsolete.

En passant I may ask whether your readers have observed that in some
of the sheets of our current stamps the perforation does not extend to the
ends of the sheet, but is confined to the pane ? I have seen the following :

1. Sheet of Id., with letter M.

2. „ ljd., with the two continuous green and purple lines.

3. „ l|d., with green lines at sides.

4. „ 2d., with continuous green and broken red lines.

Query. — Are any other of our stamps so perforated ?

FORGED SURCHARGES.

Can nothing be done to put a stop to the sale of forged "govt, parcels "
and " i. r. official " stamps ! For I am sure some one is reaping a rich
harvest from the sale of these, as I have seen ever so many, without even
a warning from the philatelic press that such forgeries are in our midst. In
June, 1839, 1 wrote to this magazine, stating that I had been offered the 3d.
and Is. of 1884, and the current Is. surcharged " govt, parcels " (not then
in use), and the 2s. 6d. surcharged "i. r. official." The last-named was
sent me by a London dealer, who has since gone to the bad ; while the others
were sent me by a provincial dealer, whose name has before now figured in
the black list as well as in one of the best known of our English novels.
This party had the audacity to send me the other day the Is. of 1884 sur-
charged " govt, parcels," along with forgeries of official stamps which are
really in use. His defence is the very lame one, that he got them out of a
collection he had purchased, adding the sweeping accusation that every
dealer sold forgeries more or less, knowingly or unknowingly ; in short, that
" they were all tarred with the same stick."

Yours truly, T. Martin Wears.

ROSEMOUNT, DOWNFIELD, NEAR DUNDEE, 7th April, 1891.

THE RECENT DISCOVERY OF CHIAPAS STAMPS.

Los Andes, Essex, 6th April, 1891.

Dear Sir, — In the last number of The Philatelic Record you refer to the
recent discoveries of Chiapas Stamps in Mexico ; and as it may perhaps
interest your readers, I send you herewith a few words respecting these
highly-interesting provisionals.

They were born in the Mexican State of Chiapas in the year 1867 ; but
owing to their rather shabby exterior, or great innate modesty, they shunned
daylight for fully twenty-three years, with the exception of one of the
family, the 2 reales black on flesh colour, which peeped out occasionally, but
very rarely.

During several trips recently made to Mexico, I had the opportunity of
looking through the principal collections of the country, but in none could I
detect what I know now to be a genuine 2 reales Chiapas, all specimens
being too large, and their colour at the same time too pronounced. I myself
bought one of these nicely postmarked forgeries in Puebla for $25, and
found another in a large collection I bought in the capital. I had forgotten
the appearance and character of the genuine stamp, as I had only seen one
in my life, a somewhat broken specimen, surcharged in blue "Chiapas,"
which was given to me about twelve years ago in Guatemala, and found its
way long ago into the largest English collection, where I understand it is
up to this date still the sole copy of the 2 reales. How rare this stamp
must be is proved by the fact that Mr. A. H. Wilson, as he assures me,
during his long career has only met with one.

92 NOTES AND QUERIES.

In the year 188S, about Christmas, I unearthed the 4 reales black on flesh
colour ; at least, I found the undeniable signs of its existence. It was in
the interior of the State of Tabasco where I discovered, while hunting after
the 2 reales, on four different letters six little bits of the, until that date,
unknown 4- reales Chiapas. It happened that these fractions, cleverly put
together, formed a pretty fair whole copy, and as such it exists to-day in the
largest collection in the world.

In October, 1889, I visited the same place again, and great facilities were
given to me to look over old boxes of correspondence, but I was unable to
find the trace of a Chiapas.

Now to come to the most recent discoveries. By a letter from Mexico,
dated 1st October, 1890, I was informed that a few Chiapas stamps of the
following description had been discovered in an old letter-box, viz. :

| real, black on blue.
1 „ „ „ green,
one-fourth of 8 reales, „ „ pink.

besides the already known 2 reales and 4 reales. They were offered to me
for sale, and I received them about the middle of last month, all finely
postmarked, and on their original letters.

Without exaggeration, I think this is one of the greatest and most
remarkable " finds " in Philately ever made ; and since there is no reason to
suppose that great quantities of these stamps remain to be found, they
should outrank, as to scarcity, anything known up to this date in Philatelic
circles. I am, dear Sir, yours faithfully,

G. A. Kostek.

[A singularly melancholy interest will always attach to these stamps,
which were the last rarities acquired by the lamented Vice-President of the
Philatelic Society. — Ed.]

J. J. C. — We take the stamp described, "Ceylon Is. type of 1861,
perf. 13, watermarked with, a large S," to be one containing part of the
marginal inscription.

G. G. T. — We have some difficulty in advising you. If you do not
ask for the stamps, either by advertisement or letter, we should counsel
your keeping them, where really worthless, until your unsolicited
correspondents send you the necessary postage. We can sympathise
with your feelings, as the stamps mentioned by you are simply rubbish.

W. D. B. — Your stamps have been returned. The U. S. we should
not pass as imperf. ; it is probably a corner specimen of the sheet. Wre
do not like the post mark on the Cape, nor do we feel happy about that
on the Mauritius. We advise extreme caution in buying postmarked
fiscals — made in London very often ! The surcharge in the Azores is
more of a slip than a double impression. The S. Domingo is right.
Thank you for the Nandgam, which we have already described.

Theodor Buhl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

Ssacr^

m™ . W&

< i

\**>^**~2

gftat ipftite^ J^tcrtti

Vol. XIII. MAY, 1891. No. 149.

T has been cynically said, that the good men do is oft
interred with them ; but we venture to state that in the
case of the very deeply regretted death of the Vice-
President of the London Philatelic Society the converse
holds good. The untiring energy and painstaking research
of Mr. Tapling have not only borne brilliant fruits in the
past, enshrining his name for all time among the leaders of the
The coUection of pursuit, but the strength of his devotion to Philately
Mr t *K Sapling anc* *^e noD^e a^ms tna* alwavs guided him, should
m.p. be the strongest incentive to those who follow him

not to allow any relaxation of their efforts to elevate collecting. In
the battle of life the leader may be struck down, but true soldiers
will nevertheless close up their ranks, and, emulative of the example
set by their chief, steadily march onward to the goal of their ambition.
We are sure therefore, that in urging upon the London Philatelic
Society and collectors generally to "put their shoulders together," and
endeavour as far as is, alas ! possible, to minimise the loss sustained,
we are only acting on the lines that would have guided Mr. Tapling,
and in consonance with his wishes. The most gratifying and perma-
nent testimony to perpetuate his worth and memory will be a steadfast
endeavour to continue the work that he so ably commenced.

In view of the unique position Mr. Tapling held as a collector
in this country, it may be of some interest if we give a slight
sketch of the formation of his magnificent collection. At a very
early age Thomas Tapling must have acquired a taste for collecting,
as it is well known that when a small boy at Harrow he was
already "keen on" stamps, and, as he has often told his friends,
spent a very large portion of his ample pocket-money on them.
He always averred that he had a distinct recollection of a 12d.

94 THE COLLECTION OF THE LATE MR. T. K. TAPLING, M.P.

Canada on wove laid paper — postmarked — being sent to him ; bnt
that as the rather (then) prohibitive figure of £2 was pnt on it, he
decided to invest in some less ambitious outlay, and bide his
chance of securing it later, although even then convinced, as he
well recollected, that it was a really scarce stamp. Continuing
steadily with his collection, we find that while still a Harrow boy
in 1871 he was proposed by the President, and elected a member
of the London Philatelic Society. At Cambridge he did not
allow his studies to interfere with his growing collection, and with
a wider scope for his energies and available means, he steadily
accumulated his treasures. During the years he was at college,
and studying at the Bar, the same process continued, until, in
1880 to 1881, when we personally were first acquainted with his
collection, it had grown to one of some magnitude, wanting indi-
vidual specimens only of some few of the rarities, and was
complete in the general issues; one item of considerable value
being that he had always sedulously looked out for unused speci-
mens, which in those days were more easily compassed. In 1881
(we believe) Mr. Image — reluctantly, we are sure — decided to part
with his collection, and Mr. Tapling became the fortunate possessor
of a fine assemblage of stamps that placed him at a bound in the
front ranks of English collectors. We have a very interesting
series of letters from Mr. Tapling written at this time, in which he
proposed to pass on to us the greater portion of his own stamps,
only retaining such as were absolutely wanting in Mr. Image's.
These letters contain lists of the principal rarities, and the number
of each, as also descriptions of the medium good stamps, that,
viewed in the light of the future colossal development of the
collection, are of much interest. The death of Mr. Tapling,
senior, however, put aside these plans and negotiations, and they
were never resumed. The altered circumstances, no doubt, enabled
his son to take a more comprehensive view of the situation, and
we may assume that he then conceived the idea to use the ample
means at his command in building up a collection that should
command a world-wide fame, and, if possible, equal in completeness
any other existing. How well he succeeded, and how wisely he
expended his time and money, has been seen.

From this time the growth of the collections — we use the plural
avowedly, as the wealth of specimens in each country constituted
per se a collection — was rapid. The knowledge that he was a large
and liberal buyer attracted to him the dealers' stocks, and notably

ERRATUM

Page 94, line 1, read " Canada on Wove Paper/'
instead of " Canada on Wove Laid Paper."

THE COLLECTION OF THE LATE MR. T. K. TAPLING, M.P. 95

from Messrs. Pemberton, Wilson, and Co. he secured an enormous
amount of fine and valuable stamps. The changes of life are many,
hence owing to death, removals, and other causes, quite a depletion
of the older collectors in his favour took place in the years imme-
diately following 1881. It is difficult to enumerate all, but we
may mention the following, from all of which Mr. Tapling absorbed
his desiderata : The collection of the late M. V. de Ysasi, which
embraced a magnificent lot of Spain and her colonies; those of,
Mr. Cameron, with the early British Guianas and first Cashmeres ;
of Mr. W. E. Williams ; of Mrs. Tebay ; of Mr. W. T. Wilson ;
of Mr. M. Burnett's choice stamps, including the triangular Cape,
with watermark C C and Crown ; of Mr. Shorthouse, rich in
Australians; of Mr. Botteley, a very strong all-round collection;
of Mr. M. P. Castle (other than Australians), " bloated " in most
things ; the fine accumulations of Australian stamps belonging to
Dr. Houison and Mr. Vandyke ; of Mr. P. De Coppet ; the many
treasures of Mr. Haslett ; of Captain Weare's Afghans — a princely
lot; of Mr. Bacon's enormous collection of post cards; of Major
Evans's splendid Mauritius; of Mr. Luard's grand early British
Guianas ; and last, but not least, the magnificent stamps of
MM. Caillebotte, of Paris, containing almost all the known rarities,
were all drawn upon, in some cases to a very large amount, and it
can readily be imagined that the united forces would produce a
brilliant array. In addition to this, Mr. Tapling was a large buyer
from the leading dealers, and scores of others. Prom a relative in
Australia he received large quantities of old Australians — certainly
1000 Sydneys amongst them — from which he derived much of the
information contained in his writings on this subject. As the fame
of his collection grew, the magnetic influence of his reputation
(and purchasing powers) increased, until his house became a
veritable receptacle of treasures philatelic from all portions of the
globe, and when a day's leisure could be secured it was spent, as
the writer has evinced from personal experience, in opening and
selecting the contents of numberless registered letters ! Mr. Tapling
never relaxed his efforts in perfecting his collection. Within a
fortnight of his most deeply regretted death he secured, at a large
price, the Chiapas stamps illustrated in our last number, never,
alas ! to enjoy their possession.

The many visitors at the Philatelic Exhibition of last year were
enabled by the late Vice-President's kindly consideration to get a
good glimpse of the results of the forementioned labours. They
149*

96 THE COLLECTION OF THE LATE MR. T. K. TAPLING, M.P.

saw Mauritius with the " Post-offices," the unused plates of the
earliest dies, and of the 2d. large fillet ; Buenos Ayres in every
imaginable shade of unpostmarked yellows, reds, and greens;
Hawaii in all the types of the first issue ; all values used and
unused of Reunions; New South Wales in numberless unused
Sydneys; Mexico, and many others. To the true cognoscenti,
however, a nearer inspection than glass-cases permit of is more
appreciated, and we who have been often privileged to inspect his
treasures cannot, within the limits of an article, do more than
indicate a point here and there of superlative excellence. Such
we should deem his assemblage of Afghans, undoubtedly the most
complete in the world; Transvaal, with many unique varieties,
earning the same proud pre-eminence ; New Zealand, with its first
issue complete, unused, and his splendid " pelures " ; Belgium,
every possible shade of all the issues, with watermark, unused ;
Great Britain complete, perforate and imperforate; Ceylon, with
its pairs of the imperforates ; Trinidad, with " native prints " by
the score ; Switzerland, with every type ; and doubtless many other
countries equally brilliant that for the moment escape our memory.
When it is added that, with very few exceptions, the whole collec-
tion was unused, that it embraced every variety of Local Russian
and United States, of envelopes, post cards, and telegraph stamps,
and that probably 200 volumes would not have contained it when
finally mounted, some idea of its dimensions and value may be
arrived at.

A Higher Power than that of this world has decided that he
who made this beautiful collection should not live to enjoy it;
but we believe that long ere Mr. Tapling died he had fully contem-
plated and arranged for the disposal of his stamps, whenever the
summons came. Although the paragraphs appearing in so many
of the daily papers have been premature and unauthorized, we
understand from an undeniable authority that their purport is true.
Mr. Tapling has, so we are informed, bequeathed his collection to
the British Museum, on the conditions that it is never to be sold
or broken up ; that it is designated the Tapling collection ; that a
room, or portion of one, be set aside for its especial reception;
that it shall be properly arranged and classified (for which purpose
he has left a sum of £1000) ; and that the President and Secretary
of the London Philatelic Society for the time being shall always
have access to it. There seems no reason to doubt of the accept-
ance of so munificent and princely a gift — not less than £50,000

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 97

in value, and perhaps far more — but the consent of the authorities
to the various stipulations has not yet been finally given.

This far-seeing and unselfish act of Mr. Tapling's will earn for
his memory in the future the respect and admiration of all collectors
in every portion of the world. His many friends who still and will
most deeply feel his loss will have at least the proud satisfaction of
knowing that — unselfish, open-handed, and liberal as was Thomas
Keay Tapling in all his too-short life — his last and greatest act of
generous self-abnegation will build him a monument of gratitude
and honour for future generations.

ADHBSIVBS.
Argentine Republic. — Our publishers send us the high values
that were announced as being in preparation some time since, from
which we note that they are intended both for postal and tele-
graphic service. The 1 peso has the effigy of a "statesman" to
left, and the 5 pesos that of a " warrior " to the right ; the latter
being a very handsome man ! The stamps are long upright rect-
angulars, and the engraving faille douce.

1 peso, dark blue ; perf. 11 \.
5 pesos, ultramarine „

Bamra. — It appears from the Timbre-Poste that a new setting-
up has taken place of the Bamra stamps, consisting of sixteen
varieties, as against twenty of the previous issue ; but that the
"errors" are again to be noted, while modifications have been
introduced in the 8 annas and 1 rupee as regards the six stamps
of the first two horizontal rows. In all the values there are ten
stamps with a capital P to " Postage," and six with a small initial.
There are other variations of an orthographic and interesting
nature. Bamra is working nobly in the Philatelic cause, and
collectors, we hope, appreciate the result ! The impression is
black, on coloured paper.

\ anna, black on red. 4 anna, black on red.

I „ black on green. 8 „ black on rose-lilac.

1 „ black on yellow. 1 rupee „ „

2 „ black on red.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

British Bechuanaland. — Mr. ML Giwelb has shown us the
halfpenny, red, with "British Becuanaland " in block capitals,
and "Protectorate, Fourpence," in lower case, in which the first
three letters of the latter word are absolutely omitted, owing to a
defect in the printing.

^d., red ; defective print, "rpence."

British Honduras. — Our publishers send us the new variety,
announced last month, of the 6 cents; i.e. the Threepence, ultra-
marine, surcharged in type similar to those recently described ;
viz., a large numeral, and "Cents" in thin upright Roman capitals.

British South Africa. — We illustrate below the provisional
recentlv described.

Ceylon. — From the same source
we have two new varieties of sur-
charge; namely, the current 25
and 28 cents, with the words
"Fifteen Cents" in two lines of
stout Eoman capitals, apparently
of De La Eue birth. We append
illustration.

WSSM

y*v

& h

K^*

-m

liE^R^.5

c f9m

^hS

^N-c

:*lf

G^eS

ssSg?®

rtfcN

&£

fe:Ke®S

15 c, black surcharge in words, on 25 c. brown, current issue.
15 c. „ „ 28 c. grey „

Falkland Islands. — Messrs. Whitfield, King, and Co. announce
a provisional here, made by diagonally severing the one penny
value, and surcharging each half "id.," in black.

Jd. , black surcharge on Id. , current issue.

Fiji. — We illustrate the provi-
sional previously chronicled.

Finland. — We have received from
our publishers specimens of the
Russian stamps improvised for use
in Finland, as recently foreshadowed
by Imperial announcement. The
four values of the current type that we have before us have the
necessary alteration effected in the guise of a series of circles
containing a point, commencing at the right and left of the inscrip-
tion at the base of the central design, which it follows, each
one diminishing in size until the eighth and last is barely
discernible as a minute dot. The alteration, in our humble
judgment, somewhat detracts from the pretty appearance of the
stamps. We gather that these and the other varieties, which we
have not yet seen, are for outward letters, while, as the luckless
Finns are to be allowed to use their own stamps for inland pur-
poses, under the beneficent rule of their "little Father,'' we take
it that there will be some rather mixed business at the various
Post-offices when all the varieties, imperial and local, are on sale !
We illustrate the variety.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

1 kop., orange, current Russian stamps, with added circles.

2 „ green „ „ „

£ " T?se, , " " " " »»

7 „ dark olive,,

Greece. — Perforation has commenced here in earnest, and not
only have the machines from Leipsic been got to work, but also
the one that has been previously tentatively used (for the 2 lepta).
Our publishers send us specimens of the following varieties :

Belgian impression.
40 lepta, violet ; per/. 11£.
50 „ grey-green „
1 dr. , dark grey „

Greek impression.

1 lepta, dark brown; per/. 11^.

2 „ light brown „ 13 J.
5 „ green „ 11|.

10 lepta, orange ; per/. 11 \.
20 „ carmine „ llf.
25 „ dark blue „ 11 \.

" ll:Hltlim;MM

Guadaloupe. — We have to chronicle the 10 centimes, surcharged
similarly to that described by us in February,
{SSS^lk^^k 5c. — G-.P.E. in two lines separated by a narrow
bar. Illustration appended.

5 c, black, surcharged on 10 c, black, on pale rose.

Hong-kong". — Our publishers send us the
14 cents provisional, already foreshadowed, the
surcharge consisting of "14" in numerals over
the word " cents " in small letters, occupying a
space of about 14x2 mm.
They also announce a further value, presumed to have been
issued for postal and fiscal purposes alike.

14 cents, black, surcharge on 30 c, mauve (wmk. CC and Crown).
5 dollars, brown-violet, surcharge on 10 dollars, rose-red (wmk. CA
and Crown).

Italy. — In addition to the two values described
by us last month we now have a third, namely,
the 1 c, yellow and crimson, with the centre
blacked out, and the bull's-eye looking numerals
20 added.

20 cents, black surcharge on 1 cent, yellow and
crimson ; wmk. Crown, perf. 14.

We give an illustration of the provisional described last month.

Jamaica. — Our publishers have seen the following varieties of
surcharge on a sheet of the twopence-halfpenny provisional on
the fourpence, red, which has just been superseded by the regular
bi-chromate "de la Kuvian." Both the varieties were in different
rows. The latter might easily be accounted for; but in view of
the recent Jamaica eccentricities, we can only swallow the "K"
with a considerable effort !

2id.
2£d.

black surcharge on 4d. red, lettered

PENCK.
PFNNY.:

100

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Labuan. — The I.B.J, announces a new provisional for this
island — the 2 cents, rose, with the horizontal surcharge One Cent,
in black.

1 cent, black surcharge on 2 c. , rose ; wmk. C A and Crown ; perf. 14.

Martinique. — Mr. Mackenzie has seen the 15 c. surcharged on
the 25 c, pale rose, to be added to the trifling list of surcharges
described in the Record for February and March.

15 c, black surcharge on 25 c, black on pale rose.

Monaco. — The new set seems to be coming rapidly into use.
We have either seen or heard of the following values of the type
described in the Record last month :

1 c, olive-green ; perf. 14.

2 c, violet
40 c, blue on rose
50 c, brown on yellow
75 c, violet-red on chamois

5 francs, carmine on green

Natal. — The new postal exigencies have called forth an im-
provised variety here, the fourpence, brown — having been submitted
to us by our publishers with the words twopence halfpenny sur-
charged in small thick block capitals in two lines, measuring about
3 mm. in height by 1 2 in length. The overprint is very neatly done,
and apparently emanates from the ateliers of Messrs. De La Eue.
2^d., black surcharge in words on 4d., brown ; wmk. Crown and C A ; perf. 14.

New South Wales. — Mr. Castle has seen some exceedingly
dangerous forgeries of the Id. Sydney views, against which he
wishes to warn all collectors, and hopes to describe fully in our
next issue.

The new 2Jd. stamp has already been seen applied to official
uses with the o.s. added.

2Jd., blue, current issue ; surcharged " O.S."

New Zealand. — The new 5d. value has not yet been cata-
logued by us, nor can words now be given that
will portray in all its " beauty " the original.
Nothing short of the illustration, which we give,
will reveal to the Philatelic gaze the full charms
of this grotesque delineation of Her Majesty.
It is the poorest and most meretricious design (?)
that this colony has yet afflicted us with, and of
New Zealand's powers in this line we have had
many evidences ! Why, alas ! did the authorities

forsake the old designs of Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, and Co. 1

Veritable joys for ever as real things of beauty!

5d., olive-grey; wmk. N.Z. and Star ; perf. 11.

Perak. — The Monthly Journal says : " We have received a
quarter of a sheet (60) of the 2 c. stamps with the Jubilee line,
and with what, we regret to learn, is another new setting of the

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 101

surcharge ' Perak.' The letters are 2 J mm. high throughout ; hut
there are two distinct varieties of the 'k/ one wider than the
other, though the whole word measures ahout 7J mm. in each
case. One stamp on the sheet has the word printed 'ferak,' and
the ' f ' altered to a ' p ' in manuscript. The wmk., of course, is
Crown and C A, and the perforation 14."

2 c. , deep rose ; new surcharge.
2 c. „ error "Ferak."

Peru. — Our publishers inform us that a new set of stamps is in
course of preparation for this country.

Salvador. — Our publishers have seen the 2 c. value surcharged
diagonally in Roman capitals about 2J mm. in height, as also
(received by a previous mail) the same value overprinted 1 centavo
in numeral, and block capitals of a rough type also impressed
diagonally.

1 centavo, surcharged in Roman capitals on 2 centavos, pale green.

1 ,, „ in block capitals and numeral on 2 centavos, pale green.

Sail Domingo. — The Timbre- Poste announces the forthcoming
issue of two new values of the current type ; namely,

3 cents, blue-grey; bleute.
5 ,, orange.

Sarawak. — We illustrate the new value that has
been issued for this " colony." .

5 c, black surcharge, on 12 c, green and blue.

Siam. — A permanent issue of the 1 att of the
current type has now appeared.

1 att, olive-green; watermark Flower; perf. 14 \.

Soruth. — The editor of the Monthly Journal has discovered
amongst some used specimens of the type-set stamps of this State
two varieties, of the authenticity of which he is quite satisfied,
and which have hitherto escaped notice.

1 a., type-set, black on pink; wove paper,
la. ,, red on green ,,

South Australia. — Mr. Ehrenbach has sent us a pair of
the 2s., carmine, that are perforated 11 \ horizontally above, 10
below, and are imperforate vertically in the centre. " Oceana " gives
them only as perf. 11 J and imperf., hence we make a note of the
additional variety.

2s., crimson ; perf. 11 \ x 10, and imperf, vertically on one side.
The current Id. has been seen by us with a new type of
surcharge for official use, the letters "o.s." being thinner and in
fancy capitals. We hope to illustrate it next month.

Id., current issue; surcharged "O.S." infancy capitals.
The provisional 2Jd. boasts of two varieties of perforation, the
fourth, fifth, and sixth vertical rows of stamps on the sheet being
perforated 12J in an upright sense.

2£d. on 4d.; perf. 12^x10.
149**

102 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Tasmania. — Mr. E. Ebrenbach sends us a pair of stamps that,
although we have rejoiced in a block of them for a long time in our
own collection, have not been hitherto chronicled ; viz., the 3d. of the
current issue, perf. 11^, and without any perforation horizontally.

3d., current issue, dull red-brown ; perf. 1H, and irrvperf. horizontally.

Tierra del FuegO. — This inhospitable and ferocious-sounding
country has, so we are informed by our publishers, awoke to the
necessity of having postal issues, probably somewhat in advance of
other adjuncts of civilization ; but only one value — the 10 centavos
— has been as yet seen by them. The Revue Philatelique, however,
announces the forthcoming appearance of the 5, 20, and 50 centavos.
The " design " consists of a Sun eclipsed by a capital " P," an
envelope, and other incongruities. How long will it be before the
Tierra del Fuegians find their stock exhausted, and a state of
surcharge fever intervening 1 It is ominous that these lithographed
productions are executed by a firm at home rejoicing in the name
of Kiddy and Co. — their prototypes can be found in London also.
"We should add that proofs have been already seen in blue, green
and brown. lo centavos, carmine.

Uruguay. — Our publishers have the current set surcharged
diagonally "Oficial," and have also seen some varieties with a
double surcharge, the first applied having apparently been too faint.

1 centesimo, light green ; current issue ; black surcb. " Ofici

2 „

carmine

dark blue

10 „

blue-green

20 „

orange

red-brown

pale blue

1 peso

lilac

al.'

Victoria. — M. E. Ehrenbach sends us an interesting pair of
stamps of the second issue of the 2d. — the lithographed full-
length presentment of Her Majesty en grande tenue. They are
the eighteenth and nineteenth stamps on the plate, in the second
row, and should ordinarily bear the corner letters s.w. and t.x.
respectively, whereas the latter here has g. m. in the lower angles.
This makes the third alphabetical variation that we have seen, and
we are endeavouring to supplement the list, in the hope of giving
further information to collectors at a future date.
2d., issue of 1852, brownish -grey, lithographed, lettered "G.M." instead of "t.x."

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.

Argentine. — Our publishers have shown us a variety of the
current wrapper printed, seemingly as a temporary expedient, on
thin grey-brownish paper of an inferior description, the dimensions
being 241 x 165 mm.

Wrapper. £ centavo, current issue, on thin grey-brownish paper.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 103

Gwalior. — Messrs. Cheveley, "Wilson, and Co. recently showed
us a postmarked specimen of the \ anna with the Arms, &c,
imprinted in violet in lieu of black.

\ a., green, violet surcharge,

Monaco. — We hear that the new type has blossomed on to the
envelope, but have not yet seen it.

Straits Settlements. — We append the sizes of the registration
envelope noted in the last number of the Record, which we take
from the Timbre-Poste.

5 c, blue (see page 77).

132 x 83 mm. | 150 x 95 mm. | 202 x 128 mm.

227 x 100 mm. j 292 x 154 mm.

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Brazil. — We hear from several sources of the 80 reis recently
described in the Record, with the blue portion of the printing
upside down. The Timbre-Poste announces a new card similar
in design to the front side of the letter card, but with the words
Bilhete postal in the upper left angle, and (Neste lado so o
endereco) under the view of Eio.

40 reis, orange and blue.

80 „ carmine and blue ; background reversed.

British Honduras. — We have a new value of the current
type ; namely, 3 cents, crimson on buff.

Ecuador. — The I.B.J, announces two new cards, in size
125 x 80, but gives no description further. '

5 c, blue on blue.

5 c, blue on orange (for Postal Union).

France. — The Timbre-Poste chronicles a letter card with the
notice on the lower portion of the reverse side inverted.
Letter Card. 15 c, blue on grey; with inverted notice.

Natal. — We have a new value here, similar in type to the
later issues. l|d., brown on grey.

New South Wales. — We now have the post card announced
by us on page 32, with the altered inscription, " For the United
Kingdom and other Countries to which Post Cards may be sent."
2d., ultramarine and straw.

New Zealand. — Our publishers send us a new card for this
island, bearing the normal type of stamp and the inscriptions,
"New Zealand — Inland and Australian Post Card," and the
address instruction. 1a dull blue on buff.

104

PHILATELIC GAINS.

PHILATELIC GAINS OF 1890,

{Continued from page 82.)

Straits Settlements.— Current type.

2 c, deep rose, with " Jubilee " line. (Page 196. )

Perdk. — Straits Settlements stamps.

Service. 2 cents, pink, surcharged in black with P. G. S. (Page 5.)

10
12
12
24

light yellow-brown ; wmk. Crown C A.
lilac

ochre-yellow „ „

slate ,, ,,

purple „ „

blue ; wmk. Crown C C.
green ; wmk. Crown C A.
1 cent on 2 cents, pink, surcharged in black Predk for Perak.

1 „ „ „ „ „ Perak One Cent.

Pahang.— Surcharged on Straits Settlements stamps.

2 cents, pink, black surcharge.
8 „ orange „ surcharged in error.

10 „ violet „ „

2 „ deep rose, with " Jubilee " line ; fresh type of surcharge.

Surinam.— Current issue, perforated 12.
15 cents, grey.
20 „ emerald-green.
30 „ Venetian red.
40 „ brown.

1 gulden, Venetian red, centre grey.
30 cents, lilac, numerals in black.
*>" „ „ ,, „

3 „ green ; perf. 13.

7^ „ on 15 c, grey; surcharged in violet,
horizontally and obliquely. (Page 8.)

7£ c. on 15 c, grey ; double surcharge. ( ,, 8. )

7ic. „ ' „ error 17'| (for 74). ( „ 8.)

-Current issue. Errors of surcharge. (Pages, 74, 160.)

2s. 6d., yellow. (Page 211.)

5s. green. ( ,, 211.)

10s. pale brown. ( ,, 211.)

Sweden. —Letter Cards. Current issue. With 16 dotted lines inside.

(Page 58.)
Type of adhesive. 10 ore, rose on olive. (Page 160.)

Switzerland. —
Current type. 15 c, violet. (Page 8.)

Unpaid Letter Stamp (current type). 3 c, yellow-green and red ; pe?'f. 12.

(Page 90.)

Unpaid Letter Stamps.

Type of numeral.
Post Cards.

SWAZIELAND.

71.)
, 71.)
, 71.)
, 71.)
, 71.)
, 71.)
, 71.)
Page 55.)

„ 55.)

Page 55.)
„ 71.)
„ 5.)
,, 196.)

Page 33.)
,, 33.)
„ 33.)

» 33.)
,» 33.)
,, 33.)
,, 33.)
„ 180.)

PHILATELIC GAINS.

105

Post Cards. Small alteration of type —

Current types. 5 c, black on buff, variety. (Page 160.)

5 + 5 c. ,, ,, error. ( ,, 196.)

10 c, carmine ,, with date. ( ,, 196.)

Tasmania. — Forged surcharges on 1 penny.

Tobago. — Current type.

Is., sea-green ; wink. Crown C A :

Transvaal. — 1883 issue.

3d., red on white ; per/, and rouletted.

Travanoore. — Wmk. Arms.

2 ch., vermilion. (Page 196.)

4 „ green. ( „ 196.)

Envelopes. Hound stamp, similar to adhesives —

(Page 58.)

perf. 14. (Page 90. )
(Page 196.)

1 ch., blue on white laid; 136 x 8J mm., shape a.

(Page 141.)

1 >> >» jj jj jj o.

( „ 141.)

2 ,, red ,, ,, i} ,, a.

( „ 141.)

3 ,, violet on thin white wove,, ,, a.

( „ 141.)

4 ,, green on white laid ; 120 x 84 mm. ,, b.

( „ 141.)

8 cash, carmine.

( „ 125.)

Post Card.

Trinidad. — Fresh instructions.
Registration Env. 2d., blue, size G ; surcharged in red.

Turkey. — Surcharged in black.
\ stamp of 2 piastres, violet and blue.

(Page 211.

i
United States. -

(Page 8.)
surcharged I Piastre, ( ,, 34,)

-New types, perf. 12.

1 cent, blue.

2 cents, carmine-red.

(Page 59.)

4
5
6

10
15
30
90

dark purple,
deep brown,
brown,
brown-red.
dark green,
dark blue,
black,
vermilion.

59.)
59.)
160.)
160.)
90.)
59.)
59.)
59.)
59.)

Particulars of the Telegraph frank stamps of the Western Union,
1882. Blue ; control mark in red. (Page 34.)

„ written in black.
„ violet.
„ red.
control mark in red.

» J) 5»

„ „ violet.
,. red.

perf. 14£.

Blue „
1S85. Green „

1886. Mauve „

1887. Red-brown

1888. Blue „
Blue „

1889. Olive-green „

Uruguay. — New issue.

1 c, yellow-green

2 c, red
5 c, blue
7 c, bistre

10 c, blue-green
20 c, orange

50 c, sky-blue ,,

1 peso, lilac ,,

Varieties. 1 c, green; imperf.

1 c. ,, ,, horizontally.

1 c, slatedilacj perf. 15.

34.]

34.)
34.)
34.)
34.)
34.)
34.)

Page 126.)
8.)
8.)
126.)
126.)
126.)
126.)
126.)
126.)
211.)
211.)
211.)

106

PHILATELIC GAINS.

Victoria.— 1850 issue.

Id., carmine ; damaged type.
New type. Id., brown-orange; wmk. V& Crown; perf. 12J.

Is. 6d., orange.
Postage-due Stamps. Id., red-brown and blue.
2d.
4d.
5d.
6d.
lOd.
Is.
2s.
5s.
Envelope. Type of current adhesive.

1 penny, brown-orange on white laid paper.
Reg. Envelopes. Alteration in inscription.
4 pence, flesh colour.
1 4 ,, ,, small size.

Letter Card. Alteration of inscription.

Id., blue on grey.
Wrappers. Types of 1885-1886.

id., deep rose (type of 1885) on buff.
|d., rose (type of 1886) on buff.
id. ,, ( ,, ) on grey.

Wrapper. Type of current adhesive.

Id., orange-brown on white.
Post Card. Type of current adhesive.

Id., brown-orange on straw card.

Western Australia. — First issue.

4d., blue ; rouletted \l\.
De La Rue type. Id., pink; wmk. Crown CA; perf. 14.

2d., grey

4d., yellowish-brown ,, ,,

Is., olive-green ,, „

Post Cards. Types of current adhesives.

2d. , rose on white ; 140 x 90 mm.

3d., green on buff ,,

Wurtemburg. — New Issue.

3pf., brown. (Page 126.)

5 „ green. ( ,, 34.)

25 „ orange. ( ,, 126.)

50 „ red-brown. ( „ 126.)

Official. Surcharged Amtlicher Verkehr.

3pf., brown. (Page 161.)

5 „ green. ( ,, 161.)

25 „ orange. ( ,, 161.)

50 „ red-brown. ( ,, 161.)
1 mark, violet. ( „ 161.)
Envelopes. 5 pf., green on yellow ; 350 x 140 mm. (Page 126.)

5 „ „ „ 180 x120 mm. ( „ 126.)

Official Envelopes. 5 „ brown on orange. (Page 161.)
10 „ (?) (?) ( „ 161.)

Official Envelopes. Stamped to order.

3 pf., brown on various. (Page 180.)
green „ ( „

rose „ ( „

brown on white. ( ,,
rose on yellow (? official).
green on buff.

(Page 197.)

( „ 34.)

( „ 9.)

( „ 211.)

( » 211.)

( „ 211.)

(Page 34.)

(Page 109.)

( „ 161.)

(Page 161.)

(Page 180.)

( „ 180.)

(Page 126.)

(Page 90.)

(Page 142.)

( „ 109.)

( „ 126.)

( „ 161.)

( ,, 180.)

(Page 180.)

( „ 180.)

Wrapper.
Letter Card.
Post Card.

5
10

3
10

5
5 + 5

180.)

(Page 180.)
( „ 34)
( „ 126.)

THE PHILATELIC PROTECTION ASSOCIATION. 107

THE PHILATELIC PROTECTION ASSOCIATION,

8, Gower Street, London, W.C.,
May 20th, 1891.
To the Editor of " The Philatelic Record." '
Sir, — I am requested by the Philatelic Protection Association to
forward to you the following copy of our articles 'of association, list of
officers, &c, requesting the favour of insertion of the same in the next
number of your publication.

I shall be glad to receive from collectors or dealers any information
which may be of use to the Association with regard to the manufacture
and sale of forgeries. The said information will be treated as strictly
confidential.

Applications for membership may be made through any officer or
member of the Committee.

I remain, yours truly, Charles J. Phillips,

Hon. Secretary.
Note. — Any of our readers wishing to join the Association should communicate with
Mr. Theodor Buhl, 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

COMMITTEE.

President — T. W. Cheveley.

Vice-President— -(Not yet elected).

Secretary and Treasurer — Charles J. Phillips.

F. G. Bepler.
P. M. Bright.
D. Brosnan.
W. Brown.

T. Buhl.

G. CaLLP.

Douglas Garth.
Major E. B. Evans.
W. T. Wilson.

ARTICLES.

F. R. Ginn.

M. GlWELB.

J. W. Jones.
Stafford Smith.

objects.
Art. 1. — The Association is constituted

{a) To protect Collectors and Dealers against fraud, and particularly
to devise and take measures to prevent the manufacture, sale, and
circulation, with fraudulent intent, of imitations of Postage Stamps
and other objects of Philatelic interest, including the fraudulent
imitation of any part of the process of their manufacture or author-
ised cancellation, or surcharge.

(b) To circulate such information as may be of service in preventing
Philatelists from being defrauded.

MEMBERSHIP.

Art. 2. — All Philatelists not under twenty -one years of age shall be
eligible as members of the Association.

Art. 3. — Candidates for membership must be nominated by three members
of the Association, balloted for at a General Meeting, and elected by a
majority of three-fourths of those present. The names of candidates,
together with those of their proposers, must be sent in to the Secretary, who
shall take the earliest opportunity of notifying the names of candidates to the
members of the Association ; but no such candidate's name shall be submitted
to ballot until the second General Meeting following his nomination.

108 THE PHILATELIC PROTECTION ASSOCIATION.

Art. 4. — The officers of the Association shall be a President, a Vice-
President, and a Secretary and Treasurer combined.

Art. 5.— If any charge or matter affecting the character or conduct of
any member shall be brought before the Committee, it shall be the duty of
the Committee, at a meeting summoned for that purpose, after giving full
opportunity to such member to deny or explain the charge, to expel or
remove such member whenever the Committee is satisfied that his character
or conduct is inconsistent with the objects or well-being of, or injurious to,
the Association. Three-fourths of those present must concur in any resolu-
tion to that effect ; and such resolution shall be subject to an appeal at the
second ordinary meeting of the Association following such expulsion.

Art. 6. — No person who is not a member of the Association shall be
permitted, under any circumstances, to be present at its meetings, except
on the recommendation of the Committee.

COMMITTEE.

Art. 7. —The affairs of the Association shall be conducted by a Committee
of fifteen members, consisting of the President, Vice-President, Secretary,
and twelve other members.

Art. 8. — For the purposes of a meeting of the Committee seven shall
form a quorum.

Art. 9. — An Annual General Meeting of the Association shall be held
in the month of May, at which meeting the officers of the Association and
members of the Committee shall be elected, to hold office for a period
terminating with the next Annual General Meeting ; but any office becoming
vacant may be refilled by election at any General Meeting upon notice being
given in accordance with Article 16. Retiring officers and members of the
Committee are eligible for re-election.

Art. 10. — The Secretary and Treasurer shall conduct the correspondence
of the Association, keep the minutes of all meetings, and have charge of
the funds. He shall at all times furnish all such information with regard to
the affairs of the Association as the Committee or a General Meeting may
call for, and shall present a balance-sheet, made up to the 31st of March,
to the Association at its first meeting held during the month of April in
each year, that it may be audited and laid before the Association at the
Annual General Meeting in May. On presentation of such balance-sheet,
two members shall be appointed as Auditors (one of whom shall not be a
member of the Committee), to audit the accounts and balance-sheet, and
report thereon to the Annual General Meeting in May.

SUBSCRIPTIONS.

Art. 11. — The annual subscription for members is two guineas.

Art. 12.— The subscription is due on being admitted a member, and
annually, in advance, on May 1st in each year. Members elected after
October 31st will only be called upon to pay half of the current year's
subscription.

Art. 13. — All members who have not sent their subscriptions to the
Treasurer by July 1st, after due application has been made to them, or
explained their not having done so to the satisfaction of the Committee,
shall be considered to have resigned their membership. To become members
of the Association again they will have to be re-elected in accordance with
Article 3.

MEETINGS.

Art. 14.— Meetings are held in London at intervals of not more than
thirty days, and at such dates, times, and places as the Committee may
appoint ; of which at least three days' previous notice shall be given by post
to members residing in the United Kingdom.

Art. 15. — For the transaction of business at General Meetings twelve
members shall form a quorum.

REVIEWS. 109

GENERAL.

Art. 16. — The Association, at any General Meeting, upon notice given
with that of the date of the meeting, can enter upon any special business,
except suspension or alteration of any of these Statutes, or the election of
officers or members of the Committee, on the occasion of any vacancy occur-
ring during the current year of office, of "which at least three weeks' notice
shall be given.

Art. 17. — No legal proceedings of any kind shall be undertaken by the
Committee until the subject matter of such proceedings shall have been laid
before a General Meeting, and such proceedings sanctioned.

Art. 18. — The proceedings of the Association at all meetings, and all
communications addressed to the members, are to be considered by them as
strictly private and confidential, and are not to be divulged to any person not
a member of the Association under any circumstances whatever. Any
member infringing this rule shall be liable to expulsion.

lUiuctos.

We have received from our publishers the first instalment of a new
price catalogue of adhesive stamps.* As far as we can judge by the
initial number, it gives promise of being a useful addition to the
Philatelic library, as in addition to the clear arrangement, good type
and paper, an appendix with all the types is to be given. With the
exception of M. Moens' catalogue, it goes into the varieties of watermark,
perforations, paper, and smaller variations more closely than any
European catalogue that we are acquainted with, and we therefore hail
its advent with pleasure, as being at once a production that will
redound to the credit of the publishers, and be of service to collectors.

THE STAMPS OP SPAIN, t
The reputation of M. J. B. Moens, of Brussels, is one resting on
a long series of labours in the field of Philately, and his books, the
Bibliothdque des Timbrophiles, have already found acceptance at the hands
of all the leading collectors, as constituting a splendid and remarkably-
accurate library of themselves. The latest addition to these works is a
Catalogue of the stamps of Spain that surpasses all its predecessors,
and is indeed a sumptuous book. The contents embrace no less than
564 pages quarto, printed throughout in excellent legible type, on
thick surfaced paper, and containing illustrations of every type of
stamp, many of the essays, portraits of the sovereigns of Spain since
1850, and numerous ornamental woodcuts and initials. There is almost
an embarras cle richesses in the size and weight of the volume, looking at
it in the light of a book of reference, wThich could have been perhaps
obviated had it been issued in two volumes octavo — the second consisting
of the fiscal stamps, with which nearly half the pages are concerned.
A separate chapter deals with each issue of stamps, giving not only
a succinct list of all the known varieties, but also of the essays known
at each period, as also the official notices and the author's copious and
interesting remarks. We note that in the 1851 issue M. Moens returns
to the charge once more on the question of the 2 reales, blue, that
passed some years ago from Mr. Westoby to Herr von Ferrary, and runs

* Descriptive Catalogue of Postage Stamps with Appendix. Theodor Buhl
and Co., London.

t Histoire des Timbres-Poste ete d'Fspagne, Jan. 1840 to Dec. 1890. Par
J. B. Moens, Brussels.

110 REVIEWS.

full tilt against it. He classes it with the essays, and gives at length
his reasons for so doing, the principal one being, that had it been either
from sheets printed in the wrong colour, or from a wrong type having
been inserted, in view of the considerable number of the 2 real stamps
issued, that there would have inevitably been far more copies known
than this solitary specimen ; nor does he consider that the fact of it
being postmarked is a proof that it is not an essay. We have never
seen the insect in question, but it certainly seems strange that it should
have had but one compeer, although we know of other stamps that
exist in solitary bliss. The table given of the stamps of each
denomination, issued between the years 1850-1856 inclusive, will be
found interesting, and throws light upon the scarcity of some of the
early Spanish stamps. The chapter devoted to the "Habilitado por
la Nation" series, the stamps surcharged by the Revolutionary
Government, will be found to contain a concise and carefully worked-
out list of all the varieties to be collected and to be eschewed. Another
chapter is devoted to the stamps of the Carlist Insurrection, which
describes at length their raison d'Stre, uses, types, essays, and
obliterations. In giving the list of the official stamps of 1855, the
author states that the lithographed series of these oval stamps, described
in the London Philatelic Society's Catalogue of Spain, is incorrect ;
that they were typographed, but never reproduced in any other way ;
hence any such must, according to M. Moens, be forgeries, whether
or not they have passed the post. We had, in common with others
of the older collectors, always endeavoured to make up the two sets,
and hope by the light of M. Moens' remarks to restudy them. Full
lists of the various official franks, post cards, and telegraph stamps are
given, and the first and strictly philatelic portion closes with a most
interesting chapter on postal curiosities ; i.e. fiscals used postally and
imitations or forgeries, of which the author naively says the number
has nearly equalled the normal issue — a statement borne out almost
by the numerous decrees quoted throughout the volume ordering new
stamps on account of the counterfeits abounding. In the list of these
" unofficial reprints " it is somewhat curious to note, even if not refreshing
to the insular mind, that practically the only issue that has not been
imitated is that engraved in London with the full face of King
Alphonso (June 1st, 1876). It would be beyond our limits to revise at
full length a work of this magnitude. We counsel our readers to
secure a copy for their libraries, for it is a book that will repay study,
and we cordially congratulate M. Moens on the production of a superb
Philatelic work.

THE SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN POST.*
This is a well-printed and neatly turned-out little work, consisting of
some seventy-five pages octavo, and is certainly an interesting production,
although the section of the work allocated to the Philatelic portion
is somewhat limited, as the principal part of the volume consists of a
carefully-written history of the Schleswig-Holstein Postal System and
Developments anterior to and up to 1852. A series of very well
executed photogravures of the various postal officials and uniforms
serve to enliven the text ; and by the same process — exceedingly well
done — are shown reproductions of all the essays that preceded the
legitimate issue, arranged in chronological order of birth, from the
original pencil sketch of the Postmaster -General down to the finally
accepted type. From the statistics quoted by Mr. Rosenkranz, we
* Die Sddcswig-Holsteinisclie Post. A. Rosenkranz, Kiel.

REVIEWS. Ill

gather that the total number of the 1850 issue that were printed and
delivered for postal use, amounted to 1,300,000 1 schilliug, blue ; and
700,000 2 schillings, red. Of this number, apparently but a small
number were used for franking letters between the date of their intro-
duction, in November, 18~>0, and their supersession, in August, 1851 ;
viz., 8701 stamps, of which values respectively not being stated. This
small use is accounted for by the author on several grounds— the short
time they were in issue, the novelty of the arrangements, and especially
as the system of prepayment (being apparently not compulsory) did not
offer any inducement to senders to vary their old custom of either
prepaying in money or not, as convenience might dictate. The principal
use for these stamps was for letters posted at railway stations shortly
before the departure of the trains, and for the correspondence of one or
two of the larger firms in Hamburg, Altona, and Kiel. No doubt, the
author has good authority for these figures ; but, in view of the number
of used specimens that are known in collections, it seems hardly
credible that so few could have been used. Mr. Eosenkranz alludes to
the rarity of these postmarked, saying but for the fact of letters having
formerly been more carefully retained than nowadays there would have
been hardly any. According to these figures, these stamps should be
about one-fourth as rare as the Post Office Mauritius, which we can
hardly at present credit. As to the unused remainder, we do not
gather that they were destroyed, but were disposed of to dealers in
Copenhagen and elsewhere, "and were always, until lately, to be
obtained at relatively moderate prices ; but the recent rise in price
seems to point out that the stock is exhausted." We can here again
hardly grasp the situation, as if only 8700 were used, there should
have been a remainder of 1,991,300, on the assumption of none having
been destroyed. This should certainly last some time, even for the
Philatelic wants of the world ! Is it not possible that more were used 1
A list of the various obliterations is given, from which we glean that —
except in the rare instances where the stamp of the place of destination
was affixed in default of that of departure — the postmark invariably
consisted of the well-known horizontal bars, forming a circle containing
a numeral, calculated both by its size and thickness to thoroughly
obliterate the unfortunate stamp. The numerals were prepared up to
50, and a list of the towns, with their relative numbers up to 42, is
appended. We can cordially recommend this little work as one of
general interest on a branch of Philately that has somewhat escaped
notice.

UNIFORM IMPERIAL POSTAGE.*
The advocates of Universal Penny Postage are untiring in their efforts,
and have apparently enlisted on their behalf a powerful advocate in the
guise of the Imperial Federation League. We have received a copy of
a brochure, extending over some sixty pages, lately issued under the cegis
of that Society, written by Mr. Eobert J. Beadon, m.a., a Member of the
Executive Committee, in which the aims and ends of the supporters of
a reduced British Imperial postal tariff are lucidly and forcibly repre-
sented. We are not, of course, as regards this journal, so much
concerned with the political and social aspects of the proposed scheme
as with its indices. There are, however, many passages in the work in
which these points coincide, and we have therefore to thank the author
for his permission to reproduce for the readers of the Record the most
interesting passages impinging on Philately. A keynote of sympathy is

* Uniform Imperial Postage, by Robert J. Beadon, m.a. Cassell and Co.,
Limited, London.

112 PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON.

at once struck by the fact that the work commences with an introductory
letter to Sir Daniel Cooper, Bart., an honoured past president and
present member of the London Philatelic Society, in which the objects
of the book are set forth — "Nothing less than the extension of the inland
rates current in the United Kingdom to the whole British Empire." The
first section deals with the present position, which is thus summarised :
"A great step, it is admitted, has been in some respects gained by the new
rates introduced by the Government in 1890, into the enjoyment of which we
entered last New Year's Day. And that reform involved something more
than the mere reduction of postage to India and the Colonies. It involved a
recognition, in a certain sense, of the Imperial idea— of the desirability of
facilitating postal communication within the Empire as such. It involved
also the recognition of two important principles hitherto not only not
recognised but vehemently combated by English Governments. One of these
is the application of the growing Post Office surplus to increasing the postal
facilities of the public instead of applying it in relief of general taxation.
The other is the right of Colonial correspondence to share with that within
the United Kingdom in the benefit of such increased facilities. The
recognition of these principles is a great gain, but it yet remains to carry
them out to their consistent and legitimate conclusion — a conclusion
legitimate and consistent not only on theoretical but also on practical
grounds. " ( To be continued. )

PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON,

Honorary President — H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., &o.

COMMITTEE FOR THE YEAR 1890-91.

President— -P. A. Philbriok, Q.C.

Secretary — D. Garth. Assistant-Secretary-^^ . A. Tilleard.

Treasurer and Librarian — C. N. Biggs.

E. D. Bacon. A. W. Chambers.

M. P. Castle. Dr. C. W. Viner.

The eighth meeting of the season 1890-91 was held on Friday, the 23rd
January, 1891, at the Salisbury Hotel, Fleet Street, sixteen members being
present. The chair was taken by the Vice-President, and the usual formal
business was taken, after which the Secretary read a letter from Mr. W. T.
Wilson, presenting to the Society's Library the first four Reports of the
Postmaster-General upon the Post-office, dated 1855, 1856, 1857, and 1858
respectively, which he was directed to acknowledge with the thanks of the
Society. Mr. T. G. Nicholson was duly elected a member of the Society.
The Vice-President read a letter from Mr. Corwin, a member of the
Society in America, urging upon the Society the desirability of sending
the Reference Lists of the Stamps of the West Indies for further revision
by himself, prior to publication, and reported that he had already replied,
pointing out that it was the invariable rule of the Society not to allow the
Lists to go out of the possession of the Secretary, or a publication
Committee, but inviting Mr. Corwin to furnish any information in his power
upon the subject. The Vice-President's action was duly endorsed by the
meeting. The business of the evening consisted of the further revision of
the Reference List of the Stamps of British India, which was proceeded
with and adjourned.

The ninth meeting of the season 1890-91 was held on Friday, the 6th
February, 1891, at the Salisbury Hotel, at 7.30 p.m., twelve members being
present, including the Vice-President, who occupied the chair. After the
usual formal business, a letter was read from Mr. C. J. Phillips forwarding

PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON. 113

specimens of forged post cards of Heligoland, which were received with
interest. The Librarian reported his receipt of a copy of Mr. Lundy's work
on the Revenue Stamps of Mexico, for the Society's library, and the
Secretary was desired to acknowledge the gift with the thanks of the
Society. The further revision of the Reference Lists of the Stamps of
British India occupied the remainder of the evening, and was again
adjourned.

The tenth meeting of the Society was held on Friday, the 20th February,
1891, at the Salisbury Hotel, at 7.30 p.m., eleven members being present,
including the Vice-President, who occupied the chair. After the usual
formal business, the Secretary gave notice that he would at the next
meeting of the Society move a resolution for amendment of certain of the
Society's statutes. Mr. J. N. Marsden, of Lisbon, was duly elected a
member of the Society. An interesting paper upon the " Military Telegraph
Stamps" was read by Mr. A. B. Creeke, and a vote of thanks was sub-
sequently accorded to him by the meeting, and his consent was obtained for
the publication of the paper in the Philatelic Record. The further revision
of the Reference List of the Stamps of British India was proceeded with, and
again adjourned.

The eleventh meeting of the season 1890-91 was held on Friday, the
6th March, 1891, at the Salisbury Hotel, at 7.30 p.m., fourteen members
being present. In the absence of the President and Vice-President,
Mr. M. P. Castle occupied the chair, and, after the usual formal business,
the Secretary read a letter announcing the death of Mr. Harry Firth, of
Baildon, Yorkshire, a member of the Society, and one of the Vice-Presidents
of the Leeds Philatelic Society. The Secretary was requested to write to
the Secretary of the Leeds Society, asking him to convey to Mr. Firth's
relatives the feelings of regret with which the Society had received the
announcement. Some portion of the evening was occupied in discussing
and resolving upon certain amendments to the Society's statutes, proposed
by the Secretary. Mr. Bacon, in the absence of the Vice-President through
illness, read for him a paper on the "Early Stamps of British India,"
containing much valuable information on this interesting subject. A cordial
vote of thanks was accorded to the Vice-President for his interesting
treatise, and the Secretary was desired to request permission for its
publication in the forthcoming work of the Society.

The twelfth meeting of the season 1890-91 was held on Friday, the
20th March, 1891, at the Salisbury Hotel, at 7.30 p.m., nine members
being present. In the absence of the President and Vice-President,
Dr. Viner occupied the chair, and the usual formal business was transacted.
Mr. C. J. Lambert, of Exeter, and Mr. 0. Firth, of Baildon, Yorkshire,
were duly elected members of the Society. The revision of the Reference
List of the Stamps of British India was proceeded with and concluded.

The thirteenth meeting of the season 1890-91 was held on Friday, the
3rd April, 1891, at the Salisbury Hotel, at 7.30 p.m., thirteen members
being present. In the absence of the President and Vice-President, the
chair was taken by Mr. M. P. Castle, and after the usual formal business
a letter was read by the Secretary, received from the Committee of the
Austrian Philatelic Society, announcing that by resolution of that Society
the London Society had been nominated one of its corresponding societies,
and hoping for friendly interchange of communications in the future.
The Secretary was directed to duly acknowledge the compliment, and to
reciprocate the friendly expressions of the Committee. On the motion of
the Secretary, Mr. A. W. Chambers, and Mr. xMaycock were appointed
Auditors of the Treasurer's annual Balance Sheet for the past year, and
directed to bring up their report thereon at the annual General Meeting, in
accordance with the Society's statute to that effect. The business of the
evening was the revision of the Society's Reference List of the Stamps of
Ceylon, which was proceeded with and adjourned.

114 VARIA.

T7arta,

The lamented death of Mr. T. K. Tapling has called forth a world-wide
paean of sympathetic notices in the various organs of the Philatelic
Press, one and all breathing the greatest respect and admiration of the
deceased, and regretting deeply that so valuable a life to Philately
should have been so early closed. The Tinibre-Poste has a long memoir,
and the Deutsche Briefmarken Zeitung a very feeling article ; while
a perusal of all the obituary notices shows that the measure of Mr.
Tapling's deservedly high reputation was spread over the whole of the
globe wherever stamps and their collectors are to be found.

* * *

A decided improvement has been effected by Messrs. Cheveley and
"Wilson at their last auction ; viz., the arrangement of their catalogue
into geographical divisions. This will relieve collectors from the
necessity of remaining during the whole of the sale. We use the
generic term, as the number of those who do not specialise is now but
small. Those who take, for example, Europeans or Australians need
not wait until the lord of the rostrum has toiled down to Wurteniburg
and Western Australia. The last two sales by this firm have been held
at their offices in Chancery Lane, and, although no especially rare
stamps have been offered, were well attended. At the latest one the
1 856 4 cents, Guiana, changed ownership at £8 10s., and a medio peso,
rose, Peru, at £12 5s.

* * *

That a stamp dealer's life is not one of unalloyed bliss and freedom
from the ordinary worries of commercial life has been abundantly
proved of late, and we now note another ingenious attempt to make a
collection on cheap lines.

" A young man, named Victor Shaw, was recently charged on a warrant, at
Bow Street Police Court, with obtaining a quantity of foreign postage stamps,
the property of Edwin Healey, and with forging and uttering an order for
the same. From the statement made by Mr. S. Myers, who appeared for the
prosecution, it transpired that the prosecutors, Messrs. Edwin Healey and Co.,
were dealers in foreign stamps. They employed a large number of agents in
various parts of London and elsewhere, to whom they consigned stamps and
stamp albums on sale or return. The prisoner, it was alleged, by some
means got hold of a list of these agents, and addressed post cards to them,
stating that the business was about to be sold, owing to unforeseen circum-
stances, and that Mr. Healey's traveller would call for the goods left on sale
or return. He subsequently called on a number of agents and obtained back
the goods, signing receipts for them. The prisoner was a stranger to Mr.
Healey, who called at his home, in company with the officers entrusted with
a warrant for his arrest, and was informed by him that most of his property
was on the premises. Prisoner's parents offered a monetary compensation,
and his mother handed over a number of stamps and albums, identified by
the prosecutor. Evidence in support of this statement having been given,
Mr. Lushington remanded the prisoner."

* * *

Numerous journals have been latterly indulging in diatribes against
the Postmaster- General, because he has not seen fit to adopt the
divisable stamp system, and in support of their "arguments" have
stated that Canada, South Australia, and other countries, have already
done so. The folly of discussing a question that is not understood is
once more exemplified. Collectors know that the first-named countries
have smaller stamps for the lowest denomination, which detract from

CORRESPONDENCE. 115

the uniformity of the series, and have no possible claim to favour
except that a trifle less moisture is needed to secure their adhesion.
Collectors know also that the permission to use bisected stamps — which,
if allowed when officially perforated, could not be refused if the separa-
tion were effected by the sender — would open the door to a great
amount of fraud, as thousands of stamps must daily pass the post on
which the obliteration extends over only a small portion of the face.
Halfpenny stamps are already available to these grumblers at all post-
offices. The burden of their cry is, " Just because these latter do not
happen to be at band, the unholy profits of the Post Office are increased
by the use of penny ones where halfpenny ones would suffice." This
translated means, that to save them a minimum of trouble, Her
Majesty's Postmaster- General is to allow a system that would probably
entail the re-use of 2| per cent, of all postmarked Id. stamps. The
ancient hero who set fire to a city in order to see to play his violin
would have a worthy compeer in these modern scribes !

* * *
The International Postal Congress at Vienna has commenced its
labours, which will, we hear, extend over six weeks. Many proposals
and schemes are to be discussed, and we hear that International stamps
are to be introduced — green for five centimes or one halfpenny, red for
ten centimes, and blue for twenty-five centimes. We trust that the
obnoxious regulation disallowing book-post rates for used or unused
stamps, cards, and envelopes will be repealed. As long as this lasts it
constitutes a heavy bar to the collection of the two latter, which
certainly needs no discouragement, seeing that it is neglected for other
and far less interesting fields of acquisition.

<£orr*8])on&tntt»

THE STAMPS OF TASMANIA.

To the Editor of " The Philatelic Record:'
Sir, — I shall be glad if you will allow me to correct, through the medium
of your journal, a mistake I fell into when writing the latter part of the
footnote on page 36 of Mr. A. F. Basset Hull's interesting work on The
Stamps of Tasmania, recently published by the Philatelic Society, London.
The following is a copy of the portion of the note referred to :
" The method employed for making the plates was as follows : The die
of the One Penny was first engraved by hand. Impressions from this were
then transferred to a soft steel roller, on which the words 'One Penny'
were afterwards erased on two of the impressions, and the values ' Two
Pence ; and ' Four Pence ' engraved by hand in their place, the roller being
then hardened. The plate for each stamp was constructed by transferring
impressions of each value 240 times from the roller."

From a recent interview I have had with Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, and Co.,
Limited, I find I was in error in stating that the values, " Two Pence " and
"Four Pence," were added on the roller, after erasure of the words "One
Penny," on two impressions transferred from the die of the One Penny
value. This was not so, as Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, and Co., Limited, inform
me, that although any part of a design can readily be removed from a steel
roller before it is hardened, it is impossible to add any fresh engraving to it.
Consequently the two impressions without value had to be transferred from
the roller to a flat piece of steel, and the new values of u Two Pence " and
"Four Pence" were engraved by hand on these dies. Impressions were
then transferred from the dies to a roller, and the plate for each value
constructed from these impressions in the usual manner.
The mistake I made arose from a misunderstanding of the .explanation

116 NOTES AND QUERIES.

Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, and Co., Limited, had previously been good enough
to give me, and it is only fair to state that I am alone responsible for it.

I am anxious to correct the error at once, as it might lead other Philatelists
astray who may deal with the method of production employed for stamps of
other colonies printed by Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, and Co., Limited.

I am, yours faithfully, E. D. Baoon.

41, Seething Lane, London, E.C., 6th May, 1891.

THE ADHESIVE POSTAGE STAMP.

Sir, — In thanking you for having been good enough to publish my letter
to the Secretary of H.M. Treasury, permit me now to add, that I have
moved to have a further search made at the Public Record Office for
the missing letters of James Chalmers to H.M. Treasury of October, 1839.
I have also applied to have search made at H.M. Post Office for these
missing letters, including that of the Dundee bankers and merchants—
an application which does not seem to have occurred either to the Treasury
or to Mr. Pearson Hill.

The contents of these letters will shortly be published by me from the
copies which have just come into my possession, when their importance will
become manifest. Should all efforts to find the originals prove fruitless,
readers can then form their own opinions as to the cause of and reasons for
such originals having disappeared.

Wimbledon, May 4th. Yours respectfully, Pat. CHALMERS.

[We are, of course, not responsible for any correspondent's opinion,
and dissent entirely from any such assumption as that contained in the
last sentence.— Ed.]

R. E., Frankfort.— Tasmania 4d., 1853, rouletted on letter. We do
not believe in this. The jwstniark on the portion of the letter does
not tally with other cancelled specimens in our possession, nor do we
like the " roulettes."

South Australia.— The half is simply a used cut wrapper. The
other variety we chronicle.

New South Wales. — The 6d. is hardly a double impression, but a
slip similar to those found on the Sydneys occasionally. The 8d.,
imperf., with "o.s.," has certainly a fine margin, but (watermarked
"n.s.w. " and Crown), either with or without "o.s.," we shall never
absolutely believe in this until we get a pair. The 5s. long stamp,
surcharged "Postage," also we cannot pass as imperf. on much the
same grounds.

Victoria, 1st issue, Id., rose ("pinny"). This variety arises from a
defective transfer. 2nd issue, 2d. full-length, we can faintly discern
the "x" in the right lower corner. The pair lettered " s.w." and "g.m"
is interesting, and we have noted it. The 2d. " emblem," in the shade
of lake issue, with watermark " 2," does not show any watermark that
we can see ; but as it is rubbed at the top, it is possible that a portion
of the missing filigrane may have been there, hence we hesitate to
chronicle it as a novelty. The 4d. is but a shade, these stamps varying
greatly in colour. One Shilling "Stamp Duty"; there are traces
of the word " Duty" at the right. The others we chronicle, and are
much obliged for the sight of them.

Tneodor Bunl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.G.

§^ flMla^liit |[^0tti

Vol. XIII. JUNE, 1891. No. 150.

&ITH the late but welcome arrival of summer there is
a perceptible slackening of the ardour of the Phila-
telic community, and a tendency to devote less of
its leisure to the, various cognate subjects of research
or acquisition, with a doubtless general inclination to
pass to recreations that are not pursued within four
walls. In the Parliamentary world the rising of the House is
generally held as indicating a practical surcease of political activity,
A retrospect an<^ a Seneral retrospect is given by the journals of
of the past the labours and results of the foregone session. In
season. Qur humbler sphere, with the final meeting already
passed by of what is practically our Parliament — the Philatelic
Society of London — it may be well to inaugurate a similar pro-
ceeding, and to briefly review, with as kindly a judgment as
possible, the incidents of the "season" of 1890-91. In this
brief retrospect it will render the relation of the various events
more intelligible if we discard their chronological sequence, pre-
mising that the period under review starts from a date corresponding
to this in the bygone year. In view of the important functions
that took place in 1889-90, such as the jubilee of the inauguration
of the Postal System, the Philatelic Exhibitions, etc., it was to be
expected that the " season " just terminated would partake some-
what of the character of an anti-climax; but such has not been
the case, as the past winter has been prolific of events both sad and
weighty. Coming under the former category, and looming heavily
as the greatest blow that Philately has suffered in the country, is
the unlooked-for and premature decease of the brightest and most
conspicuous ornament of the pursuit in this country. The sorely-
grieved death of Thomas Keay Tapling, the Vice-President of the

118 A RETROSPECT OF THE PAST SEASON.

Philatelic Society of London, is, alas ! too fresh in the minds of
us all to call for further comment than has already appeared in
the columns of this journal, other than to reiterate with an earnest-
ness that is no way dimmed, that the whole world of collectors
as deeply mourns his premature loss as it appreciated his great
character and qualities. As already stated, there is every reason
to hope that the magnificent result of his Philatelic labours, accord-
ing to his unselfish wish, may be preserved intact for the benefit
and instruction of those who come after him, and who may
endeavour humbly to tread in his footsteps.

It will be remembered that the beginning of the year saw a
most auspicious and gratifying alteration in the names of the
officers of the Philatelic Society — no less than the announcement
that H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh had generously consented to
accept the post of Honorary President of the Society. This fact,
coupled with the knowledge that the Duke is himself an ardent
and experienced collector, is one of great interest and advantage
to the collecting fraternity, and should tend much to give Philately
the cachet and prestige that obtain in the leading societies devoted
to scientific or intellectual pursuits. It is obviously impossible
that anyone could fill Mr. Tapling's place, but in electing a member
of the Committee, Mr. M. P. Castle, to the post of Vice-President,
the Society has no doubt recognised the fact that his devotion to
Philately is and has been unquestionable. We are of opinion
that another member of the Committee, Mr. E. D. Bacon, had by
his assiduous labours for many years in the literature emanating
from the Society, a very strong claim to the post ; but with the
modesty that has always accompanied his brilliant attainments as
a philatelist, he would not consent to be nominated. The place
on the Committee vacated by Mr. Castle has been most satisfac-
torily filled by the election of Major E. B. Evans, r.a. It is
absolutely superfluous to say that this appointment will meet the
same unanimous approval outside the Philatelic Society as it did
among its members. Our personal knowledge of, and friendship
with, that gentleman has extended over many years, and we are
convinced that in electing a gentleman of Major Evans' philatelic
reputation on the Committee, the Philatelic Society has taken a
very wise step.

At the commencement of this year the Postal Convention rates
were extended to Australia and the great majority of the English
Colonies that were previously outside its pale. Of the social and

A RETROSPECT OF THE PAST SEASON. 119

commercial advantages accruing from the increased postal facilities
there can be no question — in the narrower and philatelic point of
view with which we are more immediately concerned, it is a change
of some moment, and has of necessity been the means of intro-
ducing in our collections a large number of new varieties, pro-
visional or permanent, to meet the reduced tariff. In view .of the
prominent part that has been taken by the advocates of reduced
postal rates, and that has found its supporters at the Vienna
Postal Congress now in session, it seems to us probable that in
the near future we shall see an even greater assimilation of the
general international tariffs. With the unification of the various
smaller stamp-issuing groups of dependencies, such as has lately
taken place with the Leeward Islands, and is now foreshadowed
with the French Colonies, a great shrinkage and diminution of
the new issues would take place. As the vast majority of collectors
look upon new issues as a necessary but unwelcome concomitant
to the obsolete stamps, and as would-be philatelists are deterred
from commencing by the multiplicity of things to be acquired, we
look with hope on the future, feeling assured that if the collection
of stamps can be kept within a reasonable compass Philately will
stand on a surer basis both financially and scientifically.

The alarming growth of forgeries has lately been a somewhat
disturbing element in the progress of the science. With the ever-
increasing demand for rare stamps has sprung up a "trade" in
imitations of the " difficult " or "unattainable" specimens, that if
not seriously taken in hand, and checked by wholesome example,
bids fair to have a baneful effect on the future. The work of
forgery-mongering has grown apace, and the cleverest and most
dangerous imitations of rare stamps are unblushingly owned to
and unscrupulously sold all over the world to many purchasers,
by gangs of miscreants in this country and others, who are guilty
of felony in every sense of the word. The leading stamp dealers,
aroused at last to the necessity of action, have recently formed a
Philatelic Protection Association, one of whose aims it will be to stop
the sale of these counterfeits. We can only sincerely wish it every
success in putting an end to the livelihood of these chevaliers
oV Industrie.

In the field of literature there have been several notable events.

Following close upon the issue of the North American Colonies,

the Philatelic Society of London last autumn published a work

on the stamps of Tasmania, emanating from the able pen of Mr.

150*

120 A RETROSPECT OF THE PAST SEASON.

A. F. Bassett Hull, of Hobart, and revised by a committee of the
Society. It is but mere justice to say, that to the industry and
acumen of Mr. Hull we are all indebted for a work that, in its
absolute completeness, both as to philatelic and official information,
lias had no compeer. Mr. W. A. S. Westoby has also written a
most useful work on the stamps of our own country, bringing
the information of new issues up to date, and containing in a con-
cise form many items of interest. The work of M. J. B. Moens
on the stamps of Spain, has been so recently reviewed by us
that further comment here is unnecessary, other than the recommen-
dation that, as it takes the highest form of Philatelic handiwork,
every collector of European stamps should not fail to secure it.
Catalogues, complete with accurate descriptions and illustrations,
are in course of issue in many parts of the world by our Publishers,
M. J. B. Moens, The American Journal of Philately, The Philatelic
Journal of America, and many others. Of general Periodical
literature there is no end; but of original matter, other than
recriminations, routine records of societies' sittings and advertising
notices, there is but a scant supply, many of the papers whose
pages are most numerous showing but little gain to the sum of
philatelic knowledge. In commercial stamp circles, notably in
this country, there have been considerable changes ; the two best-
known firms having changed hands, one by its conversion into a
Limited Company (with a very energetic manager), and the other,
that of Messrs. Pemberton, Wilson, and Co., by its absorption with
our publishers. The late head of the latter firm, Mr. A. H. Wilson,
was not only a man of business, but an excellent philatelist, and on
his retirement his friends and clients showed their appreciation of
his character and services to the stamp world by inviting him to a
" banquet," that saw assembled nearly all the prominent representa-
tives of collectors and dealers. The auction sales, both here and in
America, have been very numerous, while other countries are pre-
paring to follow suit.

There is then, as we premised, much that will render the events
of the year gone by to dwell in our recollection, and we are fain
to believe that in the future, if the philatelic ship can be cleared
of the obnoxious barnacles that cling to it, it has every reason to
anticipate a long, a pleasant, and a prosperous voyage.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

121

If oinjlftss, J)bntuf[rb$, nnt \tpnmtnihu*.

ADHESIVES.

Argentine Republic. — We have to add to the new high
values previously described the following, which will be a some-
what costly addition to our collections in an unused state. We
illustrate this and the other values previously described.
20 pesos, green ; perf. \\\.

M. Kivadavia appears also in a new and handsome guise— as far
as a good taille-douce engraving can produce this
effect — on a new value, which contains the
numerals in rectangles at the base, and the words
correos y telegrafos, with the name of the
country, on the band surrounding the vignette.
See illustration annexed.

8 c, bright red ; perf. llj.

Austria. — M. Grignard informs us that on measuring the
perforations of the current set he notes that
they gauge as follows : Perf. 9, 12 kr. ; perf. 10,
1, 3, and 5 kr. ; perf. 10J, 2, 30, 50 kr., and
1 and 2 gulden; perf. 11 J, 10, 15, 20, and 24
kr. As already noted in the Record (page 48),
these variations will be found on the Austrian
Levant stamps. We illustrate the newly-issued

value.

30 kr., brown ; perf. 14.

122 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Bamra. — Mr. M. Giwelb has kindly shown us a variety of the
later printings of this philatelically-prolific State; viz., the \ anna,
black on lilac-rose, with the word denoting the value misspelt
"quatrer." We are, alas! not collectors of these simple natives,
and failing a ready means of identifying the varieties, are glad to
be able to avail ourselves of the following information in the
Monthly Journal, whose editor is so well-informed on these points :
"There appears to be some doubt as to the actual number of
stamps on the sheets of the first issue of this State, a matter of
some importance to those whose tastes lie in the direction of entire
sheets of stamps of this nature. Through the kindness of a
correspondent we have been able to examine a sheet of the 8
annas, and M. Moens has very kindly lent us some proofs of his
forthcoming illustrations of sheets of other values, which show
some curious peculiarities. All are in vertical rows of eight stamps,
and we believe that the full setting contained 12 of these vertical
rows, or 96 stamps in all : this is the number on the sheet of 8
annas before us. Of M. Moens' sheets, however, the 1 a. has only
9 vertical rows, and the others 10 each, but a comparison with the
sheet of 96 stamps shows that the 1 a. sheet is formed of the first
9 rows of the entire setting, the 2 a. of the first 10 rows, the 4 a.
of the last 10 rows, and M. Moens' 8 a. of rows 2 to 11, the first
and last row being absent. Of the 2 a. we have a pair, showing
stamps from the 9th and 10th vertical rows, and, to the right of
these, uncoloured impressions of two other stamps may be traced,
showing that in certain cases the 11th and 12th vertical rows of
this value were either covered up or were not inked; and it is
possible that this may have been done with other values also, for
some unknown reason. We may add that the bottom stamp of
the third vertical row of the full setting shows an error, ' postge '
for 'postage,' and the stamp on the right of it has the scroll
ornament upside down. The first error is found in a similar
position on the sheets of 2 a. and 4 a. also, and the inverted scroll
occurs on the sheets of all four values wTe have examined.

" Of the edition of the second issue which we described last
month, we have since received a sheet of 8 annas, which is
evidently from the same setting as the lower values. It contains
no errors, and is printed upon rose-coloured paper, like the \ a.,
2 a., and 4 a. We have also to add a new type of envelope
stamp, of which we annex an illustration. It is printed this time
in the right upper corner of envelopes of white laid paper, 137 x 80
mm., and the few copies we have seen show no varieties of size,
shape, or type."

AcUiesives. 2 a., green ; 1st issue, error, "postge."
4 a., yellow ,, „ ,,

8 a., rose ,, ,, ,,

£ a. ,, 2nd issue, error, " quatrer."

8 a. „ „ "Postage."

8a.,, ,, "postage."

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 123

Belgium. — We hear that a new 35 c. value for express delivery
letters will shortly be issued.

Bhopal. — The Monthly Journal states : " We have received a
copy of the redrawn sheet of 2 annas chronicled last year, upon
which there are two different errors. In one the word ' begam ' is
spelt either ' be eg am ' or ' bbegam ' ; it is difficult to decide which,
but there is an extra letter undoubtedly. Of the other there are
two or three copies on the sheet, in which the 'b' of 'nawab'
appears to have been originally an ' h,' and is more or less imper-
fectly corrected. We have also a new drawing of the \ anna,
again of the square type, with thirty-two varieties on the sheet ;
but the lettering is much smaller than on the stamps of the same
value and similar design issued in 1886, and there are no errors, a
very remarkable fact. The impression is in bright red on the usual
thiu wove paper, and we have seen it both imperf. and perf."
\ a., red ; square type, redrawn, iuiperf.
5a- i) >> ») peri.

British South Africa. — The blessings (1) of civilization are
taking a rapid and almost alarming hold on the coming Continent,
as the postal service of this enterprising Company can already
boast of six surcharged varieties ; i.e., two more in addition to
those already chronicled. We have been shown by two corres-
pondents a specimen of the 2 annas having the value obliterated
by a bar and surcharged in small type with the words " \ anna."
They came in each case, we believe, in the ordinary course of
post, and there is nothing to discredit their official issue, however
necessary they might be.

M. Moens also chronicles the arrival of the 4 annas converted
into a 1 anna bearing the postmark " Mombassa, April 4, 1891."
\ anna, small black surcharge, on 2 annas, red.
1 ,, small violet-black surcharge, on 4 annas, bistre.

British Honduras. — Our publishers inform us that they hear
of the surcharge " six," in red, on the previously overprinted 4d.,
and that owing to the indistinct nature of the impression but few
copies were so issued. We chronicle it "with all reserve," and
await confirmation.

" Six" cents, red surcharge, on 10 c. on 4d., mauve.

British North Borneo. — We do not remember to have
chronicled the 1 and 4 c. with the new inscription — "Postage
and Ee venue," which apparently now complete the set.
1 cent, orange. | 4 cents, carmine.

Cape of Good Hope. — To meet the exigencies
of the new postal regulations the current 3d., lilac-
rose, has been converted into a 2Jd. value, the sur-
charge consisting of a large figure about 6 mm.
high and 4 wide, the width in all, including the
fractional figures, being about 8J mm.

2|d., black surcharge, on 3d., lilac-rose ; wmk. anchor ;
perf. 14.

124 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Congo. — The high value of this series has now appeared.
10 francs, yellow-ochre ; perf. 15.

Dominican Republic. — It is with great constraint that we
occupy some portion of our pages with the enumeration of the
motley assemblage of remainders — and very small ones too! —
that have been resuscitated by the adventitious aid of surcharges
in order to keep pace with the demand for increased postal
facilities in the Black Kepublic ! In order that the philatelic
world may know who stand sponsors for this weakly progeny we
give in full a translation of the decree issued by the gentleman,
whose titles extend to such an alarming extent, and are calculated
to impress us with a greater sense of dignity than that of the
decree, that has the honour of emanating from the illustrious
Ulises.

" DECREE.

"Ulises Heureaux, General of Division of the National Guard, Pacifier of
the Country, and Constitutional President of the Republic,

" In view of the greatly reduced stock of some kinds of postage stamps
and the more than sufficient supply of some others, has resolved to use up
the small stock of the stamps of 1879-80, which were withdrawn from
circulation some years ago, in order to replenish the stock of stamps at
present required. The kinds which will be surcharged are as follows :

"Issue of 1879.

" 4500 stamps of Medio real, violet on grey, surcharged $100.

2500 „ Medio J real, white „ '80.

100 „ 1 real, rose on white „ *90.

2000 „ 1 real, rose on buff „ '50.

"Issue of 1880.
" 6000 stamps of 20 c, yellow, surcharged 0*02.
2500 „ 5c, blue „ 0-01.

"Envelopes. Issue of 1880.
" 600 envelopes of 10 c, red, 200 surcharged 0-30.
200 „ 0-40.

200 „ 0-50.

830 envelopes of 15 c, yellow, 200 „ 0'60.

200 „ 070.

200 „ 0-80.

230 „ 0-90.

164 envelopes surcharged $1*00.
14 of 1 c. (green), 6 of 20 c. (grey), 16 of 50 c. (yellow).
22 of 2 c. (red), 12 of 40 c. (brown), 14 of 75 c. (blue).
33 of 5 c. (blue), 8 of 45 c. (violet). 6 of $1 (gold).
20 of 25 c. (violet), 5 of 30 c. (red), 8 of 60 c. (green).

" The surcharged stamps will bear a red or blue cross with the letters
U. P. U. (Union Postal Universal) and the value surcharged on them.

"As soon as the stamps of the new issue, which were ordered on the 17th
and 26th of November, 1890, are received, the above mentioned stamps and
envelopes will be retired from circulation.

" Dated at the National Palace of San Domingo, the 20th day of March,
1891, 48th year of Independence, and the 28th year of the Restoration.
" The President of the Republic,

"U. Heureaux.

"Certified: The Minister of Finance.— Sanchez."

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

125

We give a list of these delightful innovations, which we refrain
from characterising, as the facts are patent to all philatelists, and
we earnestly hope that all classes of collectors may show their
appreciation of them by steadily refusing to purchase them except
at current value prices.

50 c, blue surcharge, on 1 real, red on chamois ; 1879 type.
80 c, red ,, ,, \ ,, violet on white ,,

90 c, blue ,, ,, 1 ,, blue on white ,,

1 peso, red ,, ,, \ ,, violet on grey „

With the following " errors," accidentally committed no doubt,
as there are only twenty-five of each :

80 c, red surcharge, on |, violet on grey ; 1879 type.
1 peso ,, ,, \ ,, white ,,

Of the next issue, there are of the type illustrated :

1 c, red surcharge, on 5 c, blue, white paper ; 1880 type.

1 c. „ ,, „ 5 c. ,, red network ,,

2 c, blue ,, „ 20 c, bistre, white paper ,,
2 c. ,, and black surcharge, on 1 fr., bistre, white paper ;

1880 type.
2 c, blue and black surcharge, on 1 fr., bistre, red network ;
1880 type.

There are also minor interesting varieties. We are i
indebted to the Timbre-Poste for some of the information.

Finland. — In continuation of the list of values of the new
series of Russian stamps for use in this country, we now complete
the list. The 4, 10, 20, and 50 kopecks, and the 1 rouble, have a
circle containing a dot in each of the four angles; the 14 and
35 kopecks have two circles, one on each side of the crown, in
the upper portion of the stamp ; and the 3J and 7 roubles have
the circle added inside the angles beyond the oval centre. We
illustrate some of the values, as also the 1 kopeck chronicled last
month.

150^

126

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

4 kopecks, deep rose.
10 „ blue.
14 ,, blue and rose.
20 ,, blue and carmine.

35 kopecks, lilac and green.
50 ,, violet and green.

1 rouble, brown and orange.

3^ roubles, yellow and black.

7 roubles, yellow and black.

French Colonies. — AYe read the following announcement in
the daily press, and can only say, that whatever may be the
cause, we should heartily welcome the extinction of the numerous
and needless surcharges on the French colonial stamps, and trust
that the statement is well founded :

" Collectors of postage stamps will be pleased to hear that
the Government has decided that in future each French colony
shall have a distinct set of stamps for its own use. Hitherto one
pattern has sufficed for the whole of the French dominions, and
the change is to he made on account of the facilities for fraud
offered by this system. Large parcels of stamps were being
bought constantly by unscrupulous persons in some colony where
the exchange between local and French currency favoured the
transaction, and sent to confederates in other settlements where
the stamps could be disposed of at a handsome profit. The new
labels will be similar in design for all the colonies, but the name
of each will be printed on a blank space under the words,
1 Kepublique Francaise.' "

In a French daily paper we read as under in an article on
this subject. Comment is superfluous.

" Un detail a ce propos :

" Tous les nouveaux timbres sont immediatement achetes par les
collectionneurs, et cette seule vente couvre une vingtaine de fois au
moins les frais de premier establissement."

French Congo. — The 15 c. of the current issue has been
converted into a provisional 5 by the addition of the words
"Congo francais " in small and the value "5 c." in large type.
M. Moens also chronicles it as existing inverted. CornUe de
bonheur / The /. B. J. has heard from a corres-
pondent that this fresh surcharge denotes the
amalgamation of this Colony and that of Gaboon,
and that there will hence be no stamps issued by
the latter. There would be few philatelic hearts
broken if the same process was widely imitated,
but we must meanwhile be content to be thankful
for small mercies. We append illustration.

5 c, black surcharge, on 15 c, blue, current type ; perf. 13£.
5 c. „ inverted „ „ „

Hongkong. — The values mentioned on page j|j| honskokc"
28 of this year's Record as being expected have
now appeared, one of which we illustrate.

20 c, black surcharge, on 30 c, brown on red ; current issue.
50 c. „ „ 48 c, violet „

1 dollar „ ,. 96 c, brown on red „ (?)•

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 127

Italy. — Our publishers send us the recent provisionally over-
printed Packet Post stamp of the 10 c. value with the surcharge
"the wrong way up."

2 c. on 10 c. Packet Post stamp, grey-brown, with surcharge inverted.

Johore. — We have been shewn by a correspondent the 24 c.
Straits Settlement stamp surcharged for this district or Sultanate,
as follows: Above, "Johor" in Roman capitals 14 mm. long by
3 high, in the centre "Two" in smaller type 6 mm. long by 1J
high, the initial letter being a capital, and below this the word
" Cents " in smaller Roman capitals measuring 10x2 mm.
2 c. on 24 c, green, Straits Settlements ; wmk. CA and Crown ; perf. 14.

Levant (French). — The I. B. J. chronicles the appearance of
a new value consisting of the current French 5 francs with "20
Piastres " in one line, presumably thin upright capitals.
20 piastres on 5 francs, dark on pale lilac ; perf. 13|.

Madagascar. — The Timbre-Poste has received from M. Le
Roy d'Etiolles two new values with the everlasting surcharge, and
more than usual of it, as it consists of large, thick, clumsy figures
measuring about 9 mm. wide by 7 high.

05 c, black surcharge, on 40 c, vermilion on straw ; perf. \2>\.
15 c. „ „ 25 c, black on rose „

Martinique. — Mr. T. W. Cheveley kindly writes as under.
Under a heavy sense of responsibility we insert the information
as sent, and can only say, in faint praise, that Mr. Cheveley's joke
is as good as the stamps !

" I believe the following are new to the Record ; I have just
seen them :

"Martinique. — Provisionals formed by surcharging the Unpaid
Letter Stamps in the following ' Mart-iniquitous ' way : ' timbre-
poste ' near the top in small Roman capitals ; ' MARTINIQUE ' near
the bottom in block type ; value across the centre in large
figures followed by the letter ' C "

"05 c. on 10 c, red surcharge ; imperf."
15 c. on 20 c, black „ ,,

15 c. on 20 c, red „ ,,

Monaco. — We have the remaining values of the new set of
which we mentioned the avant courier last month. The little
Republic is certainly well stocked with postage stamps and
stationery, though judging from its territorial extent we should
think the 1 c. would be the only value necessary for inland
rates. No doubt, however, its lovely sea-boards, and may we add
gambling-boards, bring shoals of visitors, who require the higher
values as well as collectors.

1 c, olive-brown on white ; page 14.

2 c, lilac on white ; page 14.
5 c, blue ,, ,,

10 c, red-brown on yellow ; page 14.
15 c, rose on white ; page 14.

25 c, green on white ; page 14.
40 c, blue on lilac ; page 14.
50 c, yellow on brown ; page 14.
75 c, black on rose ; page 14.
5 fcs., rose on green ; page 14.

128 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Natal. — "We illustrate the provisional described
in Mav. It appears that there is a varietv with a
"G" 'instead of a " C," and that the surcharge
exists inverted.

2h&., black surcharge on 4d., brown ; error "PSHGM
2£d. ,, ,, „ surcharge

New South Wales. — A friend in the colony
has- kindly sent us the current shades as now being
issued, and we note that the new provisional Jd., 7Jd., and 12 J,
which appeared at first with regular perforations, are now being
issued with punctures of the roughest description, that fail to cut
away any portion of the paper, and might well deserve the late
E. L. Pemberton's description, as "having been done by a blind
man with a skewer." They still apparently gauge 10, as does
the 5d., which time-honoured and deservedly-admired stamp now
wears a deeper and a richer hue.

Mr. Castle writes as follows : " I have now had time and the
opportunity, thanks to a leading firm in London, to examine
the forgeries of the Sydney Views, to which I called the attention
of your readers last month. I have heard that in addition to
the Id. value, the 2d. and 3d. have also been imitated, but have
not yet seen them. I know of several cases in which collectors
and dealers have been 'taken in; by these clever imitations, and
can only express the hope that until the sale of these counterfeits
has been stopped intending purchasers of "Views" will take the
trouble to compare them with the autotype plates, when they
can readily ascertain their authenticity or the reverse. I cannot, I
think, do better than repeat the description for the Record that
I have already sent to one of its respected contemporaries.

"The Id. Sydney Views submitted to me for inspection, are un-
doubtedly bad, but are forgeries of so dangerous a character that,
in the interests of collectors, I think it advisable to point out such
points of variation as I have observed in a cursory inspection.
Impression : The stamps in question, which purport to be from
Plate I. (without clouds) in an early state of the die, are printed
in too rosy pink a shade, the colour approximating to this only
appearing in the real stamps with later printings ; while the whole
appearance of the stamps has a somewhat scratchy look, notably in
the outer diagonally-barred spandrils. The pick in the foreground
is almost vertical, whereas it should in all the types slant at an angle
of about 45 c to the right. In the real stamps the upright vertical
' diamonded ' border that appears right and left, and is intersected
by the vignette, consists really of a lattice pattern, in which fre-
quently more than one complete diamond appears horizontally,
sometimes part of two, and they are of very irregular formation.
In these forgeries the diamonds are larger, more regularly shaped,
and occupying the centre in each case, impinge on both sides of
the vertical band in which they appear, being thus necessarily each
directly above the other. The most salient point of difference, I

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 129

should say (noting however that the word 'nov.' in the border
begins in both stamps exactly opposite the foot of the central
design),, is the background of the vignette. The true types have
some few bold lines in the foreground, indicating terra firma, for
the figures to rest upon, the middle distance is faintly lined, and
allows the figure ploughing to be clearly distinguishable, while the
sea to the right consists of a few lines quite detached from the
rest. In these imitations the whole of the background consists of
straight lines, principally equidistant, giving the appearance that
the figures — the (very indistinct) plougher — and the ship all
have a precarious footing on a watery medium that extends to the
foot of the hill. The two false types submitted differ from each
other in the other details, and are apparently engraved in taille-
douce (possibly all the 25 types have been done !), hence I can best
warn collectors by stating the common differences between them
and the originals. Paper. — This a thick, smooth, slightly surfaced
yellowish wove, shewing the granulations clearly, and quite different
from any of the many varieties on which the genuine stamps exist.
It most resembles the hard paper on which the latest copies are
found, but by comparison will be seen to vary even from this;
while, as is well known, all the early impressions, such as these
purport to be, are on a soft, yellowish, spongy paper. Postmark. —
This is also done in a fainter and more watery-looking medium
than usually found, and the obliteration, which consists of a
vertical row of curved strokes, with three diminishing horizonal
bars above and below, is slightly more spread and clumsier than
the true postmark.

"A second and, if possible, more dangerous forgery is that
of the Id., Type II., with clouds, which would deceive even
the initiated, without the most careful scrutiny. I have before
me a strip of four, all different types — probably a row was
engraved of each plate — in which the colour approximates to the
'original'; and the paper is somewhat thinner, smoother, and
more granulated than it should be. As in the preceding 'stamp,'
the diamonds are single, and each above the other in the vertical
column; the words 'camb. aust. sigillum' occupy the same
relative positions, 'nov.' beginning uniformly at the base of the
design, where it is separated from the inscription; the pick and
shovel are as before, and they have (perhaps to a less extent)
the general scratchy appearance. The background is again watery,
consisting of straight lines ; the ship is too far away from the edge,
the clouds are too shaky and detached, and the bale has a distinctly
double-lined cross dividing it. The postmark consists of curved
bars right and left, and four diminishing horizontal strokes above
and below — somewhat thinner and more greasy-looking than the
proper cancellation. As a whole they are exceedingly clever, and
might deceive any one who had not the types at command. I
warn all collectors, therefore, against them, and trust that the
miscreants who make them may meet their due reward."

150***

130 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

New Zealand. — The 2|d., blue, of the new design — or what
passes for it — is now appearing in a much deeper shade of blue,
the impression being decidedly clearer. Tant mieux — any change
must be for the better !

Pahang. — We have the 24 c. Straits stamp surcharged similarly
to the Johor described elsewhere ; i.e. top line, " pahaxg " in Eoman
capitals, 16x2 mm.; second line, "Two," with initial capital,
5J x l|mm.; and lower line, "Cents" in thin capitals, 10 x l^mm.

2 c, black surcharge on 24 c, Straits Settlements; wink. CA and Crown ;

perf. 14.

Paraguay, — Our publishers have received the 20 c, rose, of the
present set on bluish paper.

20 c, rose, current type on bluish paper.

Persia. — M. Grignard sends us a Persian stamp of the coloured
border series, with the head of the Shah, and writes :

"I venture to send you enclosed Persian stamp A, 10s., of the
1879 series, to compare with a similar stamp B. My friend and
colleague of the Societe Francaise de Timbrologie, Dr. Legrand,
has this stamp B in his collection, but he had not noticed the
difference between it and the type A; i.e. circle smaller, cap of
Shah smaller, curved lines of ground thicker, &c. Xeither he nor
I know what this stamp is. Could you tell us anything about it ]
We can hardly take it for a bogus stamp, inasmuch as the lion,
sun rays, frame, mauve groundwork, seems to us, under an exami-
nation with a magnifying glass, identical with type A. If these
difficulties were overcome by forgers, they could no doubt have
executed the circle and Shah to closer resemblance with type A."

We have very carefully examined the stamp in question,
and have compared it with specimens of the other values of
the issue; and, while it is of an undoubtedly different type,
we incline to a belief in its genuineness. And if so it would
point to the employment of a second die for the 10s. value
at some period. The differences are so notable that we should
hardly think it could have been much used without escaping
notice at the hands of collectors. We have not discovered
any difference except in the vignette, which is nearly j mm.
smaller, and in fact contains no point that does not vary from the
ordinary specimens. To note a few : The head of the Shah is
thinner, and turns more to the right; the fez sits differently on
the head, and the aigrette and plumes are smaller and less con-
spicuous, while there is more of the bust and neck visible, and the
lined background is notably composed of coarser lines. Paper,
colour, impression, and postmark of the stamp seem all right ; but
we hope some of our readers may send us corroboration or further
information respecting it before finally accepting it.

"It never rains but it pours." Since writing the above, we
have been shown by our publishers three stamps, apparently
similar in type to the variety described and styled "Errors" by

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 131

the vendors. They are the 2 shahi with a blue border, the 5 shahi
with a pink, and the latter with the normal green border. The
simultaneous appearance of so many "errors" or varieties is, to
say the least, perplexing, if not disquieting, and we hesitate to
pronounce a decided opinion as to these stamps, although their
appearance is in their favour.

Queensland. — On page 74 of the Record we noted the appear-
ance of the 2s., blue, with the new watermark, but surcharged
specimen ; hence were led to conclude that owing to the issue of
the 2s., brown, of the current set this value had only been struck
off for the purpose indicated on its face. We have, however, now
the stamp innocent of any disfiguring printing, so assume that it
will be in use concurrently with its less brilliantly- coloured
companion value.

Roumania. — We cannot complain if, following our example,
other countries jubilate philatelically. Hongkong has followed,
and now this country has relieved the exuberance of its rejoicing
by the issue of commemorative stamps. Mr. C. F. Casella kindly
writes to us, under date of. May 27 (when our last number was
in the press) :

" I fear I am too late in sending you the following information,
but I have only just received it from my friend in Bucharest: 'Our
King to-day completes the twenty-fifth year of his reign (1866-
1891). His Jubilee is being celebrated with a three days' fete;
to-day is the third day. It was decided to issue a special set of
stamps to be used during the three days only. I now send you
a specimen of each; namely, 1J bani, red-brown; 3 bani, mauve;
5 bani, green; 10 bani, red; 15 bani, drab. Translation of words
round head, 'Roumania, the Jubilee of 25 years of the reign of
King Charles.' "

The execution of the stamp is certainly delicate
and pleasing in effect and a great improvement on
current issue. We give an illustration of the
O bani. ii bani, Jubilee issue, red-brown ; perf. 14.

3 ,, „ mauve ,,

5 „ ,, green „

10 ,, „ red „

15 ,, ,, drab ,,

St. Pierre and Miquelon. — The fecundity of the providers
of French colonial surcharges is apparently unlimited — Vappetit
vient en mangeant ; there must be a demand or the supply would
not be so prolific. The Timbre-Poste describes six fresh varieties
— to fill our souls with joy and empty our pockets — consisting of
the current colonial types surcharged with large numeral of value
"15 c." and "S. P. M." in large Roman capitals, separated by a
bar extending the whole width of the stamp.

15 c, black surcharge on current colonial issue, on 30 c, bistre.
15 c. „ „ „ on 35 c, orange.

15 c. „ „ „ on 40 c, vermilion.

132

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

With the surcharge inverted.
15 c, black surcharge on current colonial issue, on 30 c, bistre.
15 c. „ „ „ on 35 c, orange.

15 c. „ „ „ on 40 c, vermilion.

Siam. — Our publishers have received the 3 atts of the current
issue surcharged in one horizontal line " 2," with (presumably) the
Siamese characters for atts.

2 atts, black surcharge, on 3 atts, grey and blue,

Surinam. — The /. B. J. notes the appearance of the 1 c. of
the now well-known type with the centre occupied by the numeral
of value on ground of concentric circles.

1 cent, grey-lilac ; perf. 12£.
West Australia. — Our publishers have shown us the current
Id. of the De la Eue type printed in pale blue instead of pink,
an apparition that has somewhat astonished us, and whose "reason
of existence " requires explaining.

Id., current type, pale blue ; wink. CA and Crown ; perf. 14.

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.

Bamra. — Our publishers "have received an ordinary white
envelope with stamp in the right upper corner of similar design
to the adhesives, but with ornamental frame and no inner line."
|d., black, on white laid paper.
Ecuador. — The 10 cents of the 1887 issue
has been issued with a new and diminished
value superimposed in one horizontal line of
fancy capitals " 5 Centavos 5," the envelope
measuring 139 x 81 mm., as illustrated.
1887 issue.

on reddish-yellow.

5 cents, black surch., on 10 c.

5 „ >3 JJ

0 1? 5» 55

„ orange.
„ white.
„ blue.

Finland. — The new envelopes have appeared of the ordinary
size. The 7 and 14 kopecks have the three added circles above
and below, the central one being larger than the other two;^the
10 and 20 kopecks having a circle in each angle.

7 kopecks, blue on cream. 14 kopecks, blue on cream.

10 „ „ blue. 20 „ „ blue.

<sr <•) ® o ® «b

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

133

Our publishers send us also the new wrappers having the three
circles at the top of the stamp. They are printed on
buff wove paper of a rather inferior quality but
varying as to " surfacing," have a Russian inscription
in three lines over the stamp, and the higher value
has a thick vertical line traversing the whole length
of the wrapper in the centre.

1 kop., orange*vellow ; 88 x 377 mm.

2 ,, green ; 135 x 377.

Liberia. — Our publishers have received a queer-looking envelope,
similar in type to the post card that we illustrate.
The awful blank in the centre has been caused,
we hear, by the elimination of the portrait of
some obnoxious personage ! Truly a strange pro-
ceeding to issue such an embryo stamp ! This is
certainly a new issue without any design, which
is more than we could say for others described
in this number ! 3 cents> red and blue#

Monaco. — This Republic has now issued its quota of postal
stationery, as noted on page 103 of the Record , in the guise of an
envelope bearing the new portrait.

5 c, blue, 153 x 117 mm.

Mauritius. — The new envelope mentioned on page 76 of the
Record has now appeared in a most becoming colour.

50 cents, dark yellow.

Sweden. — The Timbre-Poste mentions a new envelope, pre-
sumably like the others now in issue.

10 ore, carmine-rose on blue laid, 150 x 124 mm.

POSTAGE

-1

—

1 CD

z>\

0.1

U.li

—

3 CENTS

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Finland. — The new cards have also appeared, the 3 kopecks
having the three circles above and below, and the 4 kopecks one at
each corner. Letter Cards are also issued of 7 kopecks with the
three circles, and 10 kopecs with the one in each angle.

3 kopecks, carmine on chamois.
3x3
4

4x4

Letter Cards. 7

blue on chamois,
blue on grey.

We illustrate the four types of the varieties on the next page.

134 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES. AND RESUSCITATIONS

OTKPHTOE HHCLMO

#ecz:
OTKPU

BCEHIPHUft nOTTOBMft CO»3T»- POCC1S. £

• i CART1

OTKPMTOE ITU CbMOl CARTE PO STALE

3AEPUT0E OKCLHO.

#3aEPLJT*$ OHSfeJO. - (Corle^CeUre.
BeeMtpuua ncmoauft Cmv Poeci*

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

135

6reeC8. — We hear that letter cards will shortly be issued.

Jamaica. — We give an illustration of the
last new card.

Jd., black surcharge, on blue.

India. — The Tlmbre-Poste illustrates a new
service post card, evidently intended for official
postal use, as it is imprinted with the address,
"To the Postmaster of." Above is the inscrip-
tion in an arch, " On Postal Service," in small
type, and beneath this the Royal Arms,
flanked on either side by the words "East India" and "Post
Card" in large Eoman capitals, with "The address only to be
written on this side " in small type immediately beneath.
Official card, without expressed value, yellow-green.

Liberia. — We illustrate the new card, of
design similar to the envelope elsewhere

POSTAGE

=-'

-I

Q.
u
K

m
J)

3CENTS

described, but adorned with the "missing
link"^-we mean the portrait of the august
personage whose absence rendered the en-
velopes described elsewhere such an awful
blank — and trust that our readers may feel
duly edified. 3 c, blue and red.

Monaco. — The new post card has arrived.
10 cents, brown on chamois.

Perak. — We are informed that the surcharge on the 1 c. card
now measures 14J x 2f mm. instead of 15 x 2^.

1 c. card, current issue ; surcharge 14J x 2f mm.

Roumania. — The Jubilee issue is rounded off by the issue of a
card similar in type to the adhesives, as illustrated, and bearing the
words " Carta Postale " and the arms of the country.
5 bani, black on rose ; Jubilee issue.

CARTA POSTALA

Sweden. — We are informed by the Timbre-Poste that the reply
card of the new type, with " Sverige Suede " on the frame, has
made its appearance.

10 + 10, carmine-rose on white.

136 THE PRIVATE ADHESIVE STAMPS OF THE

ME NOTES ON THE FIRST TTTQ ISSUES OF

THE PRIYATE ADHESIVE STAMPS OF THE ELECTRIC
TELEGRAPH CO., GREAT BRITAIN,

By E. D. BACON.

As the date (1881) when the work of Messrs. Philbrick and "Westoby —
The Stamps of Great Britain — was published, very li::-r was ^nown
concerning the stamps which had been employed by the various
private telegraph companies previous to their absorption by the Post-
office. The portion of that work devoted to these stamj a was practically
a new field of research, and it would be surprising indeed if no
mistakes or omissions had occurred in the descriptions there given.
That these have been so few in number, as is shown by the short list of
emendations given in The Philatelic Record for September, 1885, is only
one more proof of the great accuracy and care displayed by the compilers
of that well-known work.

The two issues :: stamps I purpose dealing with in the present
paper are those of the Electric Telegraph Company, le scribed at pages
320-322 of The Si _ : ; : ~ I tain

Through the kindness of Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, and Co., Limited,
the printers of these the first two series of adhesive stamps issued by
that Company, I am enabled to add some few new particulars about
the manufacture . he, :: these stamps, as well as to correct one or
two misstatements given concerning them in the work I have
mentioned.

From information furnished me by the printers, it appears that the
mgraved lie for the first series in question was not prepared until
April Sth, 1854

The plate with the words " above 100 miles n was made on May 8th,
1854 ; that for "under 100 miles" on May 16th ; and that for "under
50 miles" on May 22nd the same year. So the issue of the stamps
could not have taken place until later on in that year, instead of in
1S51 or 1S52, as stated by Messrs. PI ilbrick and Westol y.

All thi~e plates were :t steel, and each contained sixteen labels,
arranged in four rows of four. The original engraved die had the
following line of words beneath : franked kbssa z — : _ :ds —

above 100 miles/*' An impression of this die was taken on to a
roller in the usual method employed by Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, >>•:
and the plate made from this roller. The word "above" was then
taken off the impression on the roller, and a second plate made, the
blank space being filled up on each of the sixteen labels by the word
"under." For the third value the roller was once more altered, the
figure " 1 " and first " 0 *' of " 100 " being removed. The plate was
then constructed, and the word "under" and numeral "o"
inserted in the vacant space as in the second plate. These additions
engraved on each label of the two plates by hand, so that there
are sixteen varieties of each of these two stamps as regards the modifica-
tions, but only one with the inscription, "Above 100 miles,"

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH CO., GREAT BRITAIN. 137

stamps were printed direct from the plates, and not from lithographic
transfers, as Messrs. Philbrick and Westoby suppose.

With regard to the second series, the values first issued were three in
number ; viz., two shillings and sixpence, one shilling, and two shillings,
all in the year 1854, not 1853. These three stamps were printed from
the old plates of the preceding issue, the line of words under franked
message being erased, and the value in words substituted. This
alteration was done on each label by hand, so that there are sixteen
varieties of each stamp as regards the engraving of the value. The
plate for the two shillings and sixpence was altered July 12th, 1854 ;
that for the one shilling on July 17th ; and that for the two shillings
on July 19th the same year. On August 9th, 1855, the one shilling
plate was altered to three shillings, and the two shillings and sixpence
to one shilling and sixpence. On August 28th, 1855, a four shilling
plate, on July 7th, 1857, a threepenny plate, and on October 8th, 1857,
a new one shilling plate were made. These three latter plates were
constructed from the original impression on the roller, after the words
"of 20 words — 0 miles" had been removed. The value was after-
wards engraved on the labels of each plate by hand. Consequently,
like all the other stamps of this issue, there are sixteen varieties of each
of these stamps as regards the engraving of the value. All these
stamps, like the first issue, were printed direct from the plates, and not
from lithographic transfers. It will be noticed that the two shillings
and sixpence is omitted altogether from Messrs. Philbrick and Westoby's
list of this issue. Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, & Co., Limited, inform me
this value was printed upon blue paper. The two shillings is noted
in their books as printed upon green paper. Messrs. Philbrick and
Westoby give the colour of the latter as light blue. The only specimen
I have seen is that in Mr. Tapling's collection, which is blue-green in
shade.

SYNOPSIS.
June (?) 1854.
Under 50 miles, black on pink, 16 varieties.
Under 100 miles, „ deep blue, 16 varieties.
Above 100 miles, „ white.

August (?) 1854.
One shilling, black on fawn, 16 varieties.
Two shillings, „ blue-green, 16 varieties.
Two shillings and sixpence, „ blue, 16 varieties.

September (?) 1855.
One shilling and sixpence, black on pink, 16 varieties.

Three shillings, „ deep-blue, 16 varieties.
Four shillings, „ white, 16 varieties.

July (?) 1857.
Threepence, black on light-yellow, 16 varieties.

October (?) 1857.
One shilling, black on fawn, 16 new varieties.

138 REVIEWS.

fcttbtctos

UNIFORM IMPERIAL POSTAGE.*

{Continued from page 112.)

The second section deals with " what is wanted," and as the following
extracts testify, the author is at no loss to urge his views with consider-
able force :

"The time has come for revising our postal geography. The horizon of
the Post Office vision needs to be extended, and the great historical fact
recognised that ' Britain ' is a world-wide Empire, and that that Empire is
a unit. The whole of the territories occupied by the British people form a
single political empire ; and therefore logically and practically they must be
regarded as a single group, exactly as, fifty years ago, the whole of the
United Kingdom, places within a mile of St. Martin's-le-Grand, and the
furthermost hamlet on the north-west coast of Ireland or the islands of
Scotland, were brought into a single group, and all placed under one postal
system and one rate of postage.

" This is the one fundamental principle to be recognised, that communica-
tion with all parts of the Empire ought to be treated as a branch of internal,
not of external, Post Office management. At present, the 'Foreign and
Colonial Mails ' form a class together as distinguished from ' Inland Mails/
a phrase covering all mails within the United Kingdom, whether their
carriage be actually 'inland,' or by coast-wise packet service. This
classification was natural enough, no doubt, geographically. And, as regards
some routes, and particularly some special services along those routes, such
as the trans-continental railway service for the quick eastern mail and the
Mediterranean connections, it may not at any time be possible to sever the
foreign from the colonial (or as we prefer to say, 'Imperial'" element, so far
as regards the conveyance of the mails ; but a distinction can perfectly well
be made in the postage charge nevertheless. Such cases apart, the classifica-
tion we contend for is one based on the distinction, not between internal and
external in a geographical sense, from the point of view of England, but
between the same words in their political signification — meaning, by
'internal,' 'within the Empire,' and by 'external' meaning 'foreign' —
we would, in short, divide our postal system as we divide many other things
into ' British ' on the one side, and ' foreign ' on the other. We want the
Post-office to take up once more the principles which guided RoAvland Hill to
the Penny Post throughout the United Kingdom, and apply them on the
larger scale demanded by the existing conditions of Her Majesty's dominions.

'* As a part, though not a necessary part, of this system, may be suggested
the adoption of a uniform Imperial stamp, available for postage between all
and any portions of the Empire. Such a stamp need not oust from its pride
of place the inland stamp of any part of the Empire, where a special device,
such as the emu or the centennial device of New South Wales, or the
graceful Western Australian Swan, is cherished as racy of the soil. But the
adoption of a stamp common to all Her Majesty's dominions for purposes of
intercommunication, would serve to mark, in an emphatic and practical way,
the unity of the Empire. Such a stamp could be printed wherever issued,
upon a uniform design, changing only the name of the country of origin, and
where, as in Canada, there is a different currency, the denomination.

" When Rowland Hill decided to make the postage the same for a letter to
Scotland as for one to the next street in London, his calculation was based
not only upon the large proportion of total cost assignable to terminal
charges, but upon a general principle of ' making the good pay for the bad.'

* Uniform Imperial Postage, by Robert J. Beadon, m.a. Cassell & Co.,
Limited, London.

REVIEWS. 139

The millions of letters collected and delivered in London and other large
centres at a high profit make up for those delivered at great distances and in
outlying parts at little or no profit and often at a considerable loss. This
principle is still confined to the United Kingdom. It should be extended to
the Empire. There is no valid reason why a correspondent in Hampshire
writing to a third cousin in the Isle of Skye about a terrier should have part
of the cost of his letter paid out of the profit made by the Post Office on
London letters, while another writing from Sussex to his brother in Australia
has to pay the whole cost of his letter, and, as shall be shown by-and-by, a
great deal more than its real cost."

The design for the suggested stamp, appropriate to its Imperial
character, is shown on the cover. It consists of the figure of Britannia,
very similar to that on the Trinidad stamps, with the words British
Empire above, United Kingdom beneath, and postage and one penny
respectively to right and left. The prophecies indulged in by Mr. Castle
last Christmas will apparently not long wrait for fruition if the League
can get their way, and it is not a little curious that so much similarity
in idea should have been experienced by both writers.

" What is contended is that, even though loss accrue to the Post Office
revenue, provided that the loss be brought by administrative reform within
the narrowest attainable limits, correspondence with distant parts of the
Empire is entitled as a matter of right, and, on grounds of public policy,
ought to be placed on the same footing as that within the United Kingdom,
and treated as a part of that rather than as a part of the foreign corres-
pondence of the country. This contention rests on Imperial grounds."

An article from the Economist of January 18, 1890, is quoted (a paper
certainly not guided by sentiment), wrhich favours the author's ideas :

" Perhaps, however, the greatest boon which the Department could bestow
would be the inauguration of a penny postage throughout the Empire. At
first this sounds an impossibility, unless we are prepared to expend a vast
sum of money in making up the loss that would occur owing to the adoption
of such a step. In reality, however, it is no more absurd than Rowland
Hill's original proposal. Of the political advantages of an Imperial Penny
Postage we have no space to speak. It may be said, however, that such a
link between the various portions of the Empire would be worth three
hundred years of agitation by the Imperial Federation League in making the
English-speaking countries feel the importance of their common interests."

The third chapter is devoted to describing the obstacles in the way
of the proposed reform, and it is here that we get a clear glimpse of
the object of the book ; namely, the adoption of an Imperial basis,
instead of the continuance of the present Postal Union scale, at the
forthcoming Congress. We quote the thread of the author's arguments,
which it must be confessed have cogent as well as patriotic points in
their favour :

" The great panacea recommended by the Post Office, when the recently
amended high rates of the Ocean Packet Services were complained of, was
the further extension of the Postal Union system. We are all given to
push our own pet remedy for any or all of the ills that, whether literally or
figuratively, our poor humanity is heir to, and not least when the nostrum
happens to be of our own invention. And so it is with the Post Office and
the Postal Union, which may be regarded to a great extent as its own
particular bantling. But, apart from the virtues and vices of this system
in relation to our communication with foreign countries on the Continent
of Europe and some others outside it, we have very little hesitation in
affirming roundly that in relation to the question of Imperial Communi-
cations, the Postal Union system has been and is nothing short of disastrous
to the interests both of the United Kingdom by itself and of the Empire
as a whole."

1 40 PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON.

After alluding to the recent adhesion to the Postal Union rate of
Australia and other Colonies, Mr. Beadon goes on to express his fear
that at the Vienna Conference the other outstanding Colonies will be
drawn into this rate, and that therefore the day of Imperial Penny
Postage may be long delayed.

" The Imperial idea will be lost sight of, and the grip of international
Union thus firmly established by the completion of the circuit, we may say
good-bye for many a long day to the establishment of the Communications
of the Empire upon an Imperial basis."

Chapter IV. deals with the proposals, pointing out that even under
existing contracts the extra cost of a general penny rate would only be
£75.000 a year. We are, however, aware that the Chancellor of the
Exchequer does not acquiesce in this statement, as in receiving a
deputation at the Treasury so recently as May the Sth on this subject
he dissented from these figures, and quoted others showing a somewhat
higher percentage of loss. " He did not regret the step they took, and
thought possibly the time might come when arrangements might be made
to decrease that cost. Eepresentatives would be sent to the Postal Con-
vention at Vienna, and there would be no obstinate resistance on the
part of this country to any movement in the direction of getting a
somewhat freer hand. The question was being examined how far, as
regarded ocean postage, we should be limited by any of the conventions
which bound us in other respects." His bearing on the question seems
to be favourable, and it must be a patent fact, that if the loss to the
Eevenue can be well reduced to anything short of £50,000, penny
postage to Great Britain would have an early chance of adoption.

The " proposals " of the Imperial Federation League are principally
in the way of reduction of mail subsidies, and greater and more
economical simplification in the methods of carrying the letters, with
which the author deals at some length. The book is well and lucidly
written, and would afford interesting reading to any philatelist. "We
have devoted some considerable space to the quotations that the
author has kindly permitted us to use, as the vista of simplification in
the postage stamps of the future is one of such moment that it would
have a marvellous effect on stamp collecting. It is the fear of what
the future issues may be that has of late years narrowed the channels
of collecting, and were this removed, Philately would have a sounder
foundation, and universal collecting might almost hold up its head
a.urahi :

PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON,

Honorary President— H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., &c.

COMMITTEE FOR THE YEAR 189Q-91.

President— F '. A. Philbrick, Q.C.

Secretary — D. Garth. Assistant- Secretary — J. A. Tilleard.

Treasurer and Librarian — C. N. Biggs.

E. D. Bacon. A. W. Chambers.

M. P. Castle. Dr. C. W. Vixer.

The fourteenth meeting of the season 1S90-91 was held on Friday, the 1st
May, 1S91, at the Salisbury Hotel, Fleet Street, and was attended by
thirteen members (including' the President in the chair), and one visitor.
After the minutes of the last meeting had been read and confirmed, the
President addressed the meeting, alluding in fitting terms to the recent

VARIA. 141

decease of Mr. T. K. Tapling, m.p., the Vice-President of the Society,
and concluded by moving the following resolution ; viz., "That the Society
desires to express its deep sense of the irreparable loss it has sustained by
the recent decease of Mr. Thomas Keay Tapling, m.p., the Vice-President,
whose wide philatelic knowledge and untiring exertions have been of such
signal service to its interests, while his unfailing urbanity and courtesy
endeared him to all its members. That the Secretary be requested to convey
this resolution, with the expression of the profound regret of the members,
to the family of the late Mr. Tapling." The motion was seconded by Mr.
Castle, and a letter addressed to the Society on the same subject by Mr. E.
D. Bacon having been read by the Secretary, the resolution was carried
unanimously. Mr. R. Greening, proposed by Mr. Biggs, and seconded by
the Secretary, and Mr. A. E. Westaway, proposed by Mr. Bassett Hull,
and seconded by Mr. Biggs, were duly elected members of the Society. The
further revision of the Society's Reference List of the Stamps of Ceylon
was proceeded with and again adjourned.

The fifteenth meeting of the season was held at the Salisbury Hotel, Fleet
Street, on Friday, the 15th May, eleven members being present. The
President being absent, the chair was taken by Mr. Castle, and, in the
unavoidable absence of the Secretary and assistant Secretary, Mr. E. D.
Bacon kindly undertook the duties of those gentlemen for the evening.
After the minutes of the last meeting had been read and confirmed, Mr.
Bacon read a letter from Mr. Skipwith, the Secretary of the Leeds Philatelic
Society, expressing the members' regret at the great loss sustained by the
London Society, and philatelists in general, in the lamented death of Mr.
T. K. Tapling, m.p. Mr. Bacon was instructed to acknowledge the letter,
and to thank the members of the Leeds Society for their kind expressions
of sympathy. Mr. C. N. Biggs presented to the Society's library, on behalf
of Mr. W. T. Wilson, a Book of various Types of Lettering, Borders, &c.f
employed by Printers, and the thanks of the meeting were accorded to
Mr. Wilson for his gift. The Chairman then called attention to the recent
very dangerous forgeries of the one penny " Sydney Views," both with and
without "clouds," and alluded to The Philatelic Protection Association, a
copy of whose Articles had been handed to him for presentation to the
meeting. A lengthy discussion ensued upon the question of " forgeries " in
general, and Mr. Bacon was authorized to write to the Secretary of the
Philatelic Protection Association, and assure him that the Association had
the most cordial sympathy of the Society, and wishing the members every
success in their endeavours to suppress the imitations of stamps which are
so rapidly increasing in number. The evening being now somewhat advanced,
the further consideration of the Reference List of the Stamps of Ceylon was
postponed until the next meeting.

T7aria.

The mechanical work of stamp collecting, such as cleaning, mounting,
measuring perforations, &c, is always a somewhat tedious labour, hence
anything that tends to lighten this work should receive a welcome at
the hands of Philatelists. A very ingenious Perforation Gauge has been
submitted to us by our publishers, who have, we believe, the sole agency
for the sale in this country. The novelty consists in the fact that it is
printed on absolutely transparent celluloid, and thus obviates the
necessity for the removal of any stamp from its place in order to
measure the perforations. We have found it a great convenience, and
congratulate the Socie'te' Lausannoire de Timbrologie on their happy
invention. ^ ^ #

The Scott Stamp and Coin Company have had the courtesy to send
us priced catalogues of some of their principal auctions during the past

142 VARIA.

spring. Judging by the frequency of the sales, and the large number of
lots in each (averaging over 1000), it must have been a busy season. The
American auctioneers evidently sell very rapidly, as we note that, begin-
ning at 7.30 p.m., 500 to 600 lots are disposed of each evening. Inthe
107th and 108th sale, comprising mainly the collection of Mr. A. Lehmann,
jun., there were some scarce things. A sheet of the 12 Providence 5 c, with
the 10 c. variet; |57"00j a Mobile 2 c, black, on the original

dope, $35*50; and for 2 stamps of the province of Cauca, in the
tJ.& of Columbia, stupendous figures were attained. For the 5 a, lilac-
rose, :: 1879, (140*00 • and for same value in black no less than $326 !
The English colonials, notably Canadian varieties of the earliest issue,
seemed to have attained good prices ; while the general average of the
selling price of European and Australian stamps show, not only that
these auctions afford a good medium for collectors in disposing of
their stamps, but that the appreciation of the rarer ones has evidently
risen in a marked degree with our American cousins. The auction sales
in this country have now finished, one each having been recently held
by Mr. Thomas Bull and by Messrs. Cheveley. Wilson, and Co. At
neither of these were any especially notable stamps put up, while there
was a perceptible slackening of interest, due no doubt to Philatelic
exhaustion at the end of the season. The London auction sales have,
in the aggregate, not attained anything approaching the importance of
the preceding year, when several ••fine and large'5 collections were
dispersed at the fall of the hammer.

* * *

There can be, we imagine, but one answer to the accompanying

letter, which recently appeared in a London daily paper ; viz., that if

;gnlations are complied with, the letter, with all in it and on it,

belongs to the addressee, and we trust Mr. HipwelTs complaint may reach

the official ears.

PROPERTY EN POSTAGE STAMPS.
To the Editor of the "Standard."

Sir. — Can any of your readers inform me through your valuable columns
•whether, having paid for a postage stamp and applied it to a mailed letter,
it remains my property, or whether it becomes once more the property of the
Postmaster-General ?

I ask this because I am in the habit of receiving several letters from abroad,
the stamps of which on reaching me have all been removed. In one special
instance, in which I had particularly written to Hong Kong to request that the
stamp used there on Jubilee Day this year might be sent me, it was de-
tached ; and as this stamp was in use for one day, it means a serious loss to
a Philatelist like myself. If, as I imagine, the stamp belongs to me, I
shall, of course, complain at the sorting office here,

I am, Sir, your obedient Servant, PsRCT C. Hipwell.

IS, Abbeville Road. Clapham. S.W., June 12M.

* * *

There have been numerous comments in the pjress on the new
Postage Stamp Museum opened in Vienna. We ourselves visited it
some years since, when it was located in a suburb of the Austrian
capital, and found many interesting exhibits. Mr. Friedl has, however,
evidently since that time largely developed his curiosities; and no doubt
the Flankengasse Museum has "now much that would repay the visit of
a Philatelist. AYhen. however, it is stated that '"the finest object in the
collection is believed to be a Dundee stamp, worth five hundred
pounds sterling," our natural impulse, as a distant follower of St.
Thomas, is to indulge in a smile, especially when we note, in one of the

VARIA. 143

indefatigable Mr. Patrick Chalmers' latest leaflets, that "the above-
named Dundee stamp is a specimen of the original Adhesive Stamp
for postage purposes invented by James Chalmers, Dundee, in the year
1834, and now in the possession of Herr Sigismund Friedl, the extensive
postage stamp merchant of Unter-Dobling, Vienna. Germans, the
greatest stamp fanciers, have long had commercial and personal relations
with Dundee, thus accounting for this specimen having found its way
to its present home." There cannot be much doubt as to the " personal
relations " with the city whose marmalade has made it famous ; but we
wonder if the " commercial relations " involved the purchase of the £500
treasure at any appreciable fraction of its estimated value ! " The
worth of anything is just as much as it will bring," as the old English
saying has it. We should like to see this unique stamp in the auction-
room ! * * *

It is amusing to note the gradual alteration in the comments of the
press on stamps and their "followers." Formerly the one redeeming
point allowed in the so-called lunacy was, that our insanity was not
dangerous to any one but ourselves. The overwhelming logic of facts
has during the past two years, however, convinced the outside world
that Philately, like the Salvation Army, " must have something in it,"
or there would not be so many disciples of the creed, and that there
must be some method in our madness. Even now, although the
criticisms are both more frequent and kindly, there is an indisposition
to believe in the pecuniary value of "worthless old postage stamps."
The following article, which appeared in the Evening Standard of
June 18th, gives credit to the newly-formed Philatelic Protection
Association, wishes it success, and in its general tone leaves but little
cause for complaint by Philatelists :

"Among the most curious 'fads' of recent times, there are few more
innocent than the passion for the collection of old postage stamps. The
votaries of this strange pursuit disdain to be thought mere stamp collectors,
and have endeavoured to impress upon the uninitiated the true dignity and
importance of their vocation by assuming the title of Philatelists. But, in
spite of this imposing name, we fear that the public at large will continue to
regard them as nothing more than gatherers of worthless old postage stamps,
after all. Of the ardour with which these amiable enthusiasts devote them-
selves to their favourite hobby people generally have little conception. But
practical evidence is furnished on this point by the enormous prices which
certain rare stamps now command in the chief countries of Europe and
America. We can understand a new or unique orchid fetching a large price,
for a flower is in itself a thing of beauty. But what is there in an old
postage stamp, which has been used, or has ceased to be issued, that men
should be willing to give hundreds of pounds for it ? Yet, that such is the
case there can be no question. Indeed, the market price of some of the
rarer issues is so extravagant that it has called into existence a new class of
counterfeiters. And the skill with which the frauds have been carried out
has been such that the greatest connoisseurs have been deceived, and have
paid heavy sums for what they have afterwards been grieved to find are
worthless imitations. Under these circumstances, it can well be understood
with what rejoicing the Philatelic world has received the announcement that
a ' Philatelic Protection Association ' has been formed to hunt down the counter-
feiters, and to prevent honest Philatelists, whether dealers or amateurs, from
being defrauded. The subscription is only to be two guineas per annum ;
but no one will be admitted as a member of this Society without first under-
going a rigid examination as to his Philatelic antecedents. The proceedings
of the Association are to be conducted in the strictest secrecy, and any
Member divulging its transactions is to be liable to immediate expulsion.
This effort to introduce honesty into Philatelism (otherwise, the traffic

144 CORRESPONDENCE.

in old stamps) deserves every success. But as the counterfeiters have
hitherto so often succeeded, not only in deceiving the greatest experts, but
also in concealing their own character, it is to be feared that they will not
very easily be kept out of this new Association, or, at all events, prevented
from obtaining information as to its proceedings, which so vitally concern
their own particular branch of the new industry."

The only article of belief our contemporary is not prepared to
swallow is, how " an old postage stamp " can attain the value of an
orchid, which may be unique. Why not? A unique orchid would
probably not long remain so, and it might be nipped in the bud ;
whereas a stamp cannot be propagated, nor can it perish of frost or want
of care, other than extreme carelessness in the case of damp or fire.
"Why it should be mad to give £100 for a postage stamp, and sane
to pay the same sum for an orchid or a Dutch bulb, to pay £1000 for a
fox terrier, or £5000 for a piece of marqueterie, or £10,000 for a pair
of china vases, we are at a loss to discover. These values do not
represent the intrinsic beauty of the several articles except to a very
limited extent, the balance being paid for the privilege of owning some-
thing that is either rare or unattainable. So with stamps ; the
"lunacy" only consists in paying anything at all — we will say a
twentieth of its value — for the intrinsic article itself. The remaining
nineteen twentieths, paid for the scarceness, is on all fours with regard
to all the above-mentioned articles of luxury. Would not £5 buy
as pretty an orchid as £100 1 And if so, what is the difference between
the remaining £95 and the like balance expended on the " old postage
stamp " ]

To the Editor of " The Philatelic Record."
Sir, — I thank you for having published my letter of May 4th. With
reference to your appended note, it will be no part of my case that the
missing letters to the Treasury have been designedly made away with, the
fresh evidence will be enough for me — evidence which neither I nor Mr.
Pearson Hill have so far had it in our power to produce— so the London
Philatelic Society has been groping in a fog. Favour me by mentioning this
to any of the members of the Society you may meet with, bespeaking their
impartial consideration of same, as I have no means of knowing the names
and addresses of more than one or two of the members.
June 5th, 1891. Yours respectfully, Pat. Chalmers.

I trust you will favour me by publishing the above.

[We publish Mr. Chalmers' letter with pleasure, as he withdraws the
inuendo implied in his last letter, and can only regret that he should ever
have thought it "part of his case" to even suggest it. — Ed.]

jjiotrs autr <£tuert*0»

G. — The stamps sent are all of the recent dangerous forgeries. We
advise you to buy none, except from well known and reliable firms.

Owing to pressure on our space, we delay replying to several
correspondents until next month.

Theodor Buhl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

§^ JpWIatijBit 3^tat[i

Vol. XIII. JULY, 1891. No. 151.

ST. GEOKGE to the rescue ! The realms of Philately
are being devastated by a many-headed dragon, whose
numberless victims cry aloud for a modern champion
that shall sally forth in their cause and extirpate the
monster. The dragon of the forger threatens to almost
exterminate the smaller collectors, hence the appearance
in the arena of conflict of our champion, in the guise of the
Philatelic Protection Association, will be received with a chorus of
The flood welcome- To drop our metaphor and to treat the
of matter with a seriousness that befits its importance,
forgeries. we jiave no compUncti0n in stating that, in our opinion,
unless some decisive check can be given to the ever-increasing
production of forgeries, a disastrous effect will be produced on the
future of stamp-collecting. A glance at the columns of the Record
of the preceding months, and at the information conveyed else-
where in this number, will convince the most casual observer that
the danger is one that has grown, is growing, and that calls for
mutual and strenuous endeavour to combat it on the part of all
concerned. The danger consists not so much in the quantity —
which has been constant for years — as in the quality of the
imitations. Emboldened by their success, and enriched by their
previous "plants," the "fakers" have called in the aid of high
technical skill in producing the more recent forgeries, with the
result that in many cases the resemblance to the real thing has
been so close as to escape detection at the hands of the great
majority of collectors. No longer content with making surcharges,
they reproduce steel engraved stamps, and even set up the varieties
of the old separately-drawn issues of our Colonies. It is fortunate
that the prominent collectors have had the foresight to make

146 THE FLOOD OF FORGERIES.

up the plates, or the danger would be even greater. To the
collector, who is as yet hardly sure of his seat in the saddle of his
(hobby-) horse, it may mean a rapid descent with no inclination to
re-mount. To the "advanced" enthusiast, it may indicate the
desirability of retiring in his shell, and refusing to add to what he
has and is sure of; and to the general body of collectors the
dissemination of these wide-spread forgeries means, for obvious
reasons, a weakening of the fascination that has always been the
peculiar attribute of Philately.

To the dealers in stamps it is of even more serious import.
The collector, at the worst, can but be deprived of his favourite
pursuit; but to those who gain an interesting and honourable
livelihood by the sale of stamps, many of whom have very large
sums invested in their stocks, it is a question fraught with
so much peril that it behoves them to unite all over the world,
and to make a determined effort to stem the tide of modern
swindles. In our experience of stamp collecting, extending over
twenty-five years (we were purchasers from Young and Stockall,
of Liverpool, in 1866), we have been in personal communication
with almost all the leading dealers of the world, and our
pleasant experience — that the great majority of them have been
and are straightforward and honourable men of business, will
be doubtless readily confirmed by the readers of this Journal.
There is no rule without exceptions, and there have been and are
such in this case. Knowing this, it should be emphatically pointed
out to all concerned that there is no middle line, and that the
promoters of the new movement are entitled to cry. {i Those that
are not for us are against us." We do not even consider that,
assuming the new movement to fight the forgers is started on a
good basis and has the authority of the leaders of Philately
behind it, any dealer is entitled to stand aside with indifference, as
in so doing he is, however unwillingly, playing into the hands of
the miscreants who make these imitations, for the success of the
crusade depends on its practically universal adoption and the wide
publicity it would thereby attain.

Pully recognizing the force of the words we are using, we
venture to say advisedly that all those dealers, in any part of
the world, who do not either join hands in some manner, or
shew their wish to put down forgeries, are rendering themselves
open to the suspicion that they may have reasons for their
abstention. Tu the firnis,. who have a reputation to lose,

THE FLOOD OF FORGERIES. 147

this caution will be deemed perhaps needless; but we cordially
commend it to those who have yet to make one. It is also
necessary for all to come into court with clean hands. It will be
well, therefore, for all concerned to recollect that "errors are
wrought from want of thought," and that if carelessness in buying
forgeries may be an omission of business instincts, the selling of
them under the like conditions will be characterised by a harsher
epithet. We have on several occasions seen stamps in dealers'
stocks that must have betrayed their doubtful origin to their
holders, and that have afterwards changed hands without the
" doubt " having been solved ; nor are we foreign to the expression,
amongst the smaller fry, that " we bought it for genuine, and can-
not afford to lose it." The game at cards of " Old Bachelor,"
which most of us have played in our juvenile days, consisted in
passing on, unknown to our neighbour, the obnoxious card, whose
final possession meant the loss of the game. That this spirit has
had its prototype in some cases will be patent to many minds, and
in calling attention to these flaws in the conduct of business
by the few, we have no wish to make any general indictment,
but merely to point out that at the present juncture of affairs,
when opposite camps are pitched, all those who want to take
part in the fight must cross the border-line of doubtful action,
abandoning the slightest deviation from straightforward transac-
tions, or they will run the risk of being classed with the enemy.

The Philatelic Protection Association, as will be seen from a
perusal of the columns of this paper, has been started on a good
foundation, and in our opinion is deserving of the support of
dealers and collectors alike, until it has shewn that so auspicious
a commencement has resulted in failure. It will be noted
that many leading firms are members of it, and it is no secret
that it has the cordial support of the London Philatelic Society,
and of some of the most eminent collectors on the Continent.
As we remarked before, the success of the movement depends
upon its universal adoption, hence we trust that the action of
the Society will be promptly imitated elsewhere, and that each
and every branch will be affiliated, and co-operative in their action.
London, Paris, Dresden, New York, Berlin, Sydney, Vienna,
Naples, Bucharest, cum multis aliis, should join hands ; the wider
the publicity given to the information on forgeries, the more
difficult will it be for the swindlers to dispose of them. The notes
on the Parma stamps in this month's Novelties will afford a
151*

148 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

practical commentary on this. There is then in the detection of
forgeries, and the dissemination of warnings, ample vindication for
the existence of the new Protection Society, and it can embark on
this portion of its labours without delay. " Prevention is better
than cure," and is proportionally difficult; but we feel assured
that this other portion of their duties has and will engage the
most serious attention of the Committee of the Association. Nor
is it for us to even suggest in what ways this end may be attained.
All that influence, legal knowledge, and money can command is at
the disposal of the Committee, and it will be hard if under these
circumstances some tangible result is not ere long forthcoming.

lf$uijlib$, j)t$tam;ra$, attb \tpMtitntwm.

To our Correspondents. — We shall be glad to receive from collectors and
dealers 'notices of Novelties, etc., which can, if desired,, be inserted with
the sender's name and the date of receipt, Communications as to these,
as also general philatelic and postal information and correspondence,
should be addressed to "The Editor of the Philatelic Record," care of
Messrs. Theodor Buhl and Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street. London, E.C.

ADHBSIVES.

Austria. — Our publishers have shown us the new journal
stamp, which is of a rather washy appearance in its bistre garb.
The design consists of the Arms of the country within a double-
lined circle, containing the inscription, in P^oman capitals, kais —
konigl — zeitungs — stempel, intersected below by a fancy-shaped
scroll, with the value 1 kreuzer in small Egyptian type. It is
printed ou smooth white wove paper, and is imperforate.

Newspaper Stamp. 1 kr., bistre. *~~ — ^ijT^TT'Tiift

The other new values of the altered type fore- l^^^^^^^li
shadowed by us, in addition to the 30 kr. chronicled \ IBHSBlMs
last month, which we illustrate, have now made MB
their appearance ; viz. : <|jj»iMfcBMj

20 kr., olive-green ; perf. 14. l^^^S^il

21 kr., light blue „ S|kgm»»^|j
50 kr., violet „ t™~~^~~^

Belgium. — The new value that we mentioned last month has
now come to light. The design in general appearance resembles
its predecessors, but the details show several new ideas of a more
or less brilliantly inventive nature. The centre, of course, has the
somewhat elongated portrait which does duty for the presentment
of his Majesty of Belgium, and the circle containing it has in
white block letters on a coloured ground the inscription — above

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

149

postes belgique, and below the equivalent in Flemish, which for
some occult reason is thus exceptionally given — belgie posterijen.
In the upper left and lower right angles are circles containing the
numerals of value, 35, apparently cents, but it might be francs!
The two remaining angles are filled up with a
marine-store assemblage of miscellaneous articles,
amongst which we can discern a cog-wheel, the
fluke of an anchor, and something that resembles
a dice-box amidst a bed of roses. Can this be a
delicate allusion to the baccarat epidemic ? We
append illustration.

35 c, brown ; perf. 14.

Brazil. — We have from our publishers the new 100 reis stamp,
which, with all its faults, is a pleasing change after the everlasting
Southern Cross and the wretched physiognomies with stubbly
beards that of late years have superseded the old and handsome
stamps of Brazil. The design is a bicoloured representation of
Liberty, coiffee a la Phrygienne, to left, the head having some
character, although the neck is rather "Eiffely," in an octagonal
frame, and printed in red ; a chess-board pattern, in blue, surrounds
the portrait, while a large four-leaved ornament fills
each angle; above are thick figures 100, below
reis, to left correo, and to right e. u. do brazil, :j
all in Roman capitals. This portion of the stamp 3
is in pale blue, and is traversed as to the borders ;
by thin red lines. The paper is thick white wove. Z
A fresh variety of the " Journal " Stamp has also jj
appeared, similar to that already known, and as SJ
usual of no design worth mentioning (pace Mr.
Wemmick) !

100 reis, blue and red ; perf. 13.
20 „ newspaper stamp, bluish-green on pale green paper ; perf. 13.

British Honduras. — Our publishers have heard that the
stamps with the red surcharge six in letters, which we described
on page 123 with all reserve, are of more than doubtful
character. In matters philatelic now-a-days, to quote the old
adage, "one can believe nothing that one hears, and (not) half
what one sees."

Canada. — The 2, 3, and 10 c. have been seen by our publishers
with an embossed crown on the bust. This might be of little
significance, but the price demanded was certainly not so. We
should be inclined to think it was the " control mark " of some
large firm, in order to avoid the undue depletion of their " petty
cash account."

Cape of Good Hope. — The Monthly Journal chronicles the
Jd. on 3d., with watermark C A and Crown, having the surcharge
wanting as to the letter "p."
Jd. on 3d., claret (CA and Crown). Defective printing "one half enny."

150

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Ceylon. — The surcharger is again abroad, and this time im-
presses his handiwork on the rather pretty later type of the 25
and 28 c. stamps. The added value consists of the word fifteen
cents in black upright Eoman capitals, extending as to the first
word almost across the stamp.

15 c. on 25 c, pale brown.
15 c. on 28 c, slate.

Greece. — Supplementary to the list of perforated varieties given
on page 99 of the Record, we have to note the 40 lepta of the
local impression both perf. and imperf.

40 lepta, local impression.

40 „ „ „ perf. 11J.

Haiti. — The drum, flag, and cannon design noted on page 48
of the Record as having been the device adopted
for the 2 c. value has apparently satisfied the
martial longings of the Haiitians, as it now has
its companions in arms of 1, 3, 5, and 7 c. values.
Illustration appended.

1 c., inauve ; perf. 13|.
3 c., bluish-grey ,,
5 c, orange ,,

7 c, vermilion ,,

Hyderabad. — The Monthly Journal informs us of the current
J anna, printed in a full rose tint, and of a variety of the 1 anna,
which is imperf. vertically, and presumably also horizontally. On
so good an authority we will give it the benefit of the doubt, and
place it as an imperf. variety.

\ anna, rose (current issue).

1 ,, violet-brown (current issue) ; imperf.

Hong Kong. — Mr. Maycock writes : " Eegarding the varieties
of Hong Kong mentioned in June Record, page 126, the 20 c,
black surcharge, would appear to be by a slip erroneously described
as 'on 30 c, broivn on red,' instead of 'on 30 c, green? as was
foreshadowed in the February number, page 26. I have specimens
before me." We supplied the information as given to us, and have
to thank our correspondent for the correction.

India.

At a recent meeting of the Philatelic Society a pair of
the 4 annas, of the 1855 issue, on white paper,
without watermark, was shown by one of the
members in an imperforate condition. These
specimens were postmarked, and had undoubtedly
done postal service.

4 anna, black on white (1855 issue) ; imperf.

Johor. — We illustrate the variety described
last month.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

151

Martinique.^Mr. Cheveley last month sent us a note of
three awful provisionals, and a joke that shattered our spirits for
some time ; but we had slowly recovered when the
remembrance of this sad episode was suddenly
brought back to us by the fact that the Timbre-
Poste announces yet another variety of the same
set, and gives all three as existing with red and black
surcharges. Why did not our correspondent send
this instead of his jeu d' esprit, and so have closed
the painful incident 1 Illustration herewith.

05 c. on 15 c, black, red surcharge ; current Unpaid Letter Stamp.
05 c. on 15 c. „ black „ „ „ „

05 c. on 10 c. „ „ „ „ „

Mexico. — Mr. M. Giwelb has shown us a variety that we do
not remember to have seen before. It is the 2 reales, black on
rose, of the 1867 issue, having the Gothic surcharge "Mexico,"
that is the well-known characteristic of this issue, repeated.

2 r., black on rose, 1867 issue, with double surcharge of word "Mexico."

Monaco. — We illustrate the new set described
last month'.

Natal. — In addition to the errors on the latest
provisional, noted in the June Record, we are
informed by our publishers that there are varieties
with the " t " of " penny " missing, and with the
surcharge repeated; but none of the latter were
issued, and "were ordered to be destroyed." We
hope the order was obeyed, and that in response to a strong
demand they will not resurrect. For the while we may consider
this infant as still-born, and decline to give as a novelty that which
has not survived its birth.

2|d., black surcharge, on 4d., brown ; defective print "penn."

These stamps, errors or normal, have had but a brief span
of life, as they are now superseded by the permanent die. This is
not classic, and is more De la Eueful in aspect than ever. The
head of Her Majesty turns to left in a small oval, which is
apparently being pushed out of its proper central position inside
the larger band of colour (inscribed with " natal postage " in
block capitals) by the octagonal-shaped label of value at the base.
2£d., bright blue, wmk. CA and Crown ; perf. 14.

Norway. — Mr. Cheveley writes, that the current 3 ore is now
yellow instead of orange. We have specimens
varying from lemon-yellow to deep orange, which
latter was probably the earliest impression of this
stamp which has had a fairly long life.

Pahang.— We give

described last month.

illustration of variety

152 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Paraguay. — The P. J. A. mentions the under-named official
stamps with the official surcharge measuring 11 mm. instead of
1 3 as heretofore, nor are we surprised thereat !

1 centavo, green ; violet surcharge of 11 mm.

2 centavos, carmine
5 ,, blue

10 ,, purple
15 ,, orange
20 ,, pink

Parma. — The appearance of this country's name in our
novelty list may well cause a surprise, as being that of one
so long philatelically dead that a " resuscitation " would be
a very difficult operation. It is now thirty -two years since
the duchies of Parma and Pleasance were annexed to and
absorbed in the nascent Italian kingdom; and as the brief
philatelic life of the duchy only extended seven years, from 1852
to 1859, it may well be considered as unlikely that the
comparatively few varieties issued so long since could at the
present day be added to. It is, alas ! no resuscitation of the
past, but a latter-day imitation that has caused the unwonted
appearance of Parma's name among the new issues. We have
lately been shown by several correspondents specimens of the
issues of 1852 and 1854 that are calculated to deceive even
the most astute and wary collector, and that in their general
appearance and fidelity on most points to the original are simply
astounding. We do not, for obvious reasons, feel inclined to
say on what points they vary from the real thing, and can only
advise collectors who may have any of the stamps described below
to send them to us, or the Philatelic Protection Association, for
examination. The modern philatelist, who puts all his faith on
the article duly " postmarked on the original paper," would have a
rude awakening in this case, as the ingenious and enterprising
manipulators have provided in the most liberal manner for the
modern predilection, and supply original letters, postmarks, old
ink, and everything necessary to complete the happiness of those
folks who pin their faith on the postmark, and not on the stamp
itself.

The following are the only varieties that we have seen, but
doubtless there will be other delightful "discoveries" closely
following in their wake :

'Issue of June, 1852.
5 cents, black on yellow ; tete-Mche.
5 „ „ „ printed both sides.

10 „ „ white

15 „ „ pink „ „

The reverse side being a 5 c. value, in the same colour.
15 cents, black on pink ; Mte-beche.
15 „ „ „ normal stamp.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 153

Issue of 1853.
25 cents, black on violet ; printed both sides, the reverse side being a

5 c, in the same colour.
25 cents, black on violet ; printed both sides, the reverse being a 15 c,

in the same colour.

Issue of February, 1854.
5 cents, yellow on white ; normal stamp.

It is difficult to say which is the most dangerous of these
imitations, and even more so to surmise how they can have been
produced, although we can make a shrewd guess at the cause of
their extraordinarily close resemblance to the original stamps.
We have only to add that these stamps have been liberally dis-
seminated, and have been heard of or sold in London, Paris,
Vienna, Buda-Pesth, Italy, and elsewhere; and for aught we
know are by now in every country under the sun that rejoices
in collectors. We shall be glad if any of our readers will com-
municate with us if they have any information on the subject.

Philippines. — In the Timbre-Poste we read of a new colour for
the 25 c. with the portrait of the Baby King. The editor of that
journal is apparently in error in alluding to it as a new value and
so chronicling it, as it appeared in bistre last year.
25 c. de peso, blue.

Russia. — The 7 kop. with the thunderbolts is mentioned by
the Timbre-Poste as existing guileless of perforation. We do not
doubt our contemporary, but cannot see why it should exist in
this condition as available for postage like many other similar
imperforate stamps of recent issues.

7 kop., blue ; current set ; imperforate.

Selangor, — Similar to those described by us last month for
other Malaccan States. We now have the same value for this
country. 2 c, black surcharge, on 24 c, green.

Sierra Leone. — We have received from our publishers the
new permanent value of the 2Jd., identical in type with the
other current values, and printed in a delicate shade of blue.
2^d., pale blue ; wmk. CA and Crown ; perf. 14.

South Australia. — The Editor of the Monthly Journal men-
tions the receipt from a correspondent of the 2d., vermilion (Type
II.), with the surcharge O.S. inverted and the watermark SA
turned the wrong way. We have lately seen several inverted
surcharges of O.S. which did not satisfy our inmost soul, and
trust this is not of the class. This inverted variety is well known
as existing in some of the leading Australian collections, and will
be included in a list that a contributor hopes to publish, shortly
in this journal. As to the reversed watermark we have several
specimens thus in our collection — i.e. reading AS — due no doubt
to the impression being struck on the wrong side of the paper.

151**

154 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

St. Pierre and Miquelon. — In addition to the varieties
described on page 131 of the Record there is another that is
noted by M. Vervelle, but with smaller letters and figures ; viz. :
15 c. on 35 c, black surcharge, on black on orange.

Sweden. — Our publishers send us a new value (2 ore) of the
current set; i.e. with figure in centre of a coloured circular ground,
inscribed " Frimaske tva ore." It bears the horn in blue on the
reverse side. 2 ore, bright ochre.

The 20 ore official stamp has now appeared in blue instead of
red. The specimen before us is dated the 18th of June.
20 ore, official stamp, blue; perf. 13.

Tasmania. — Mr. A. F. Basset Hull writes to Vindin's Philatelic
Monthly under date April 24th :

" I enclose for your acceptance, and to be noted in the Monthly,
three local productions, which are on a par with the 2Jd. pro-
visional for poorness of style. These are: (1) Jd., brownish-
yellow, on Tas. Type I. paper, perf. 11 J, printed at the Mercury
office, Hobart; (2) Id. vermilion (shades), on Tas. Type II. paper,
perf. 11^, also printed at the Mercury office; and (3) Id., rosy-
carmine, on Tas. Type I. paper, 11 J, printed at the Government
Printing Office. The two last were issued owing to a supply of
English printed stamps, ordered some time ago, not having arrived.
A very large quantity of the rosy-carmine stamps was printed, but
a small number only of the vermilion. These latter can only be
distinguished from the vermilion provisionals of 1889 by the
position of the watermark, which reads from the right lower to
the left upper corner, viewed from the back. The rosy-carmine
stamps are identical in paper, shade, and perforation with some of
the local printings of 1877. New plates for 2|d. and 5d. values
have been ordered from England, but they will not be out for
about six months. The designs are to be exactly similar to the
present Id. and 2d., and the colours magenta-pink for the 2|d.
and blue for the 5d. No provisional 5d. will be issued in the
meantime, however."

The 2Jd. provisional is now coming to hand in a darker colour,
more resembling the actual 9d., at which we are somewhat sur-
prised, as we gathered the extra pale impression was expressly
provided to distinguish it from the latter. The Monthly Journal
calls attention to the fact that the variety mentioned by us last
month — the 3d. imperf. horizontally — is mentioned ma" certain
catalogue published in America in 1888." We were not aware
of this, not having the advantage of possessing the catalogue in
question ; a want that we hope to speedily supply. We were,
however, aware that it was mentioned in the Stamps of Tasmania,
published by the London Philatelic Society last year, but thought
it was a novelty to most collectors, although not, as we stated,
to us. Hence in our list, we should perhaps have written not

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 155

"generally" chronicled instead of "hitherto." In the same work
our contemporary will find the one shilling, imjierf. vertically,
which he chronicles, the perforation being 10. While on this
subject, we might add that there are many varieties of perforations
in the Australian stamps generally, some of which our contemporary
alludes to in a recent number, which have hitherto not been
systematically tabulated either in Oceania or since, and we are
in hopes that we may be able to furnish these lists, waiting
only for that happy period to arrive when we have " some
spare time on hand " — a blessing that we are sure our friend
will agree with us in saying does not often fall to the wielders
of the pen !

Turkey. — The eurrent stamps of the undermentioned values
have appeared with a black rectangular surcharge, " Imprime."

10 paras, green, with black surcharge, "Imprime."
20 „ rose ,, ,, „

1 piastre, blue ,, ,, ,,

2 piastres, yellow ,, ,, ,,
5 „ flesh ,, ,, „

Venezuela, — Mr. Cheveley writes us that "the 'Escuelas'
stamp, value 1 bolivar, is now of a b?'oion-ie& colour instead of
scarlet.

Zllluland. — The current ISTatal Eevenue Id., violet, appears
with the word " Zululand " in block capitals. Is this intended
for postal service in the latter place 1

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.

Barbadoes. — We have received the reigstration envelope in
the long narrow shape.

Registration Envelope. 2d., blue ; 226 x 104 mm.

British Guiana. — Here also there seems to be some variation
in the registered envelopes, which are now printed by Messrs.
De La Eue and Co., and open at the right hand instead of at the
left, as they did under the McCorquodale regime.

Registration Envelope. Flap and stamp at right hand, 152 x 95 mm.

Colombia. — A pair of envelopes of a somewhat novel descrip-
tion have achieved their nativity in this philatelically fertile land.
They consist of two values, 5 and 10 centavos, the former bearing
the same stamp as is found on the envelope issued in 1890, while
the latter has an impression of the 10 c. adhesive of the same year.
The novelty, however, consists in the addition of an arched inscrip-
tion in large fancy letters of the words servicio postal fluvial,
underneath this being a Columbian steamboat, propelled by a
paddle-wheel at the stern ! Why special envelopes should be
necessary to take letters by water we cannot imagine ; but Bogota
has caused us many a qualm in byegone years when we collected

156

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

"Xew Granadas." We do not now, fortunately! We give
illustrations.

River Post Service. 5 c, black on blue.

10 c, black on )'ellow.

Dominican Republic— The Timbre- Poste gives further
varieties of these delightful inventions, to which we alluded
last month. It appears that there are no less than 37 varieties,
(of envelopes), of which only 11 have been known to exist without
the surcharge. They stand, therefore, condemned out of their
own mouth, and we think we are best consulting the interests
of Philately by declining to give any further chronicle of such
utter trash !

Gold Coast. — The ordinary English registered envelopes are in
use for this West African settlement, with the words gold coast
colony in large block capitals printed in black immediately over
the stamp on the flap.
Registered Env. Y\'ith inscription of name of colony in black ; 152 x 98 mm.

Leeward Islands —

We have two new enve-
lopes for the group of Id.,
rose, and 2|d. denomination,
which we illustrate. The
paper is thickish white laid,
showing watermarked por-
tions of the maker's name.

Id., rose ; 140 x 78 mm.
2£d., pale blue ; 120 x 94 mm.

Monaco. — The Revue Philatelique has seen
applied to bands.

Wrappers. 1 c, bronze on grey.
2 c, violet ,,

the

new design

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

157

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Hyderabad. — The new card has arrived, with a stamp recalling
the issue of 1871, and also four lines of instructions in the different
tongues, similar to that depicted on page 58 of this year's Record.
I anna, orange on chamois.

Liberia. — The blank centred design illustrated on page 133 in
our last number is also found applied to the Post Card, besides that
bearing the portrait that adorned our last number.
3 c. , red and blue.

Mexico. — Three new cards have come to hand for this pro-
digious stamp-issuing country, which we represent, and need not,
therefore, describe at length, beyond stating that the sizes are
140 x 90 mm., and the cards white. The 3 c. exactly resembles
the 2 c. in design, while the 5 c. differs somewhat, as will be
noted on examining our illustrations.

2 centavos, carmine ; frame and lettering in green.

3 „ deep red „ „

5 ,, blue ,, „ deep red.

&arjela fostal llT . Carte fosfate.

UNION PQ8TB1, HH1VBR8IU.

OK'ON PQSTgtB BHIVSRaBLLB

ss^° *S£!JEXIC4«o

TARJETA

POSTAL

Norway. — The Timbre-Poste says that the reply cards have
appeared printed on the first and third sides (Carte postale).
3 + 3 ore, orange on white, printed on the first and third sides.

158 THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA,

By M. P. CASTLE.

At the request of a Continental friend, who is compiling a catalogue of
postage stamps, I have lately been endeavouring to prepare a list of
all the varieties of the lettered South Australian stamps in my collec-
tion, and I have also had the opportunity of adding to it through the
courtesy of the executors of the late Mr. T. K. Tapling and of Mr. W.
Harrison, both of whose collections have contributed many additions
to the list. I thought at the same time that it might interest the
readers of the Record, and propose therefore to submit to them such
information as I have been able to gather. I do not pretend that this
is either exhaustive or complete, my principal object in publishing the
list being the hope that it may lead other collectors to add to it, and
so eventually to secure some degree of finality. I hope also myself, as
a result of enquiries that I am making, at a later date to be able to
supplement our somewhat scant knowledge on the subject.

There has up to the present time been but little written about these
stamps, and until the London Philatelic Society's work of " Oceania "
was published, so far as I am aware, no attempt had been made to
constitute the different varieties. The reference to the " Departmental
or Official Stamps " in the forenamed work is as follows :

" To describe in detail the immense number of varieties which exist of
these stamps would prove a most tedious task, and the result would be of
doubtful interest. When we have given a list of the various surcharges
and their signification, and have pointed out which of the values so sur-
charged are least frequently met with, we do not consider ourselves further
called upon to trace the surcharges upon all the varieties of stamps which
we have enumerated in the reference list of postage stamps proper. Suffice
it to say, that the lettering is found printed in various colours upon almost
every variety of type, colour, shade, watermark, and perforation.

" The use of stamps surcharged with certain capital letters, forming the
initials of the Department of Government in which they were used, probably
commenced in 1863, as we find the surcharges on the rouletted stamps of
that issue, but not on that of the two previous ones. They continued in
use until about eight years ago, since when all stamps, we believe, employed
to frank official correspondence have been indifferently surcharged 'O.S.,'
which signifies 'On Service' or 'Official Service.' The surcharge is in
block letters, with a stop as a rule after each."

Here follows a list of the various letters of the Departments, accom-
panied by the name and the colours of the surcharges, which are
fifty-eight in number.

A table is also given, showing approximately the relative degree of
scarcity of the various specimens as follows :

" The above surcharges are common on the Id. (Type 1) ; rouletted and
perf.

Scarce, except O.S. on the Id. (Type 2).

Common

„ 2d. (Types 1 and 2) ; rouletted and perf.

Scarce

„ 3d., black surcharge.

Unknown (?)

, 3d., red. „

Common

„ 4d.

, 6d., all shades ; rouletted and perf.

O.S. only

, 8d.

Scarce

, 9d., grey-lilac.

O.S. only

, 9d., mauve (1872).

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 159

Scarce on the lOd.
Unknown (?) „ Is., orange or yellow.
Common „ Is., brown ; rouletted and perf.

Not many „ 2s."

I am fain to admit, to quote from the opening sentence, that the
enumeration of the varieties is a somewhat tedious task, as was the
identification of the New South Wales types ; but I must demur from
the opinion expressed that such would be of doubtful interest. That
their variety is very great, and that the difficulty of securing a complete
collection of all the differences of type, paper, watermark, and perfora-
tion is still greater, I readily concede ; but on the point of their interest
I am decidedly at issue. In the issues of the various countries of the
globe the official stamps play a not unimportant role. A collector of
the stamps of our own country by no means ignores the " Official " and
" I. K." Revenue series ; the South American issues have almost all
their counterpart sets for the use of the Departments ; the New South
Wales " 0. S." stamps are eagerly sought after ; the United States sets
of the different official stamps find a ready welcome in the albums of
almost all American Philatelists ; and indeed it can be shown that a
considerable proportion of the stamp-issuing countries have issued official
stamps, which have hitherto not had their collectable qualifications
demurred to. It seems to me therefore that the main ground for a
complete list not having been given, either by the compilers of "Oceania"
or their predecessors, rests upon the difficulty of making it ; but as a
true Philatelist does not thoroughly appreciate the stamps of a country
until he finds them " difficult," I am emboldened to pursue the task,
considering that the varieties of these stamps are as worthy of collec-
tion and as replete with interest as are many other more favoured
issues.

The date assigned in the Society's work for the first issue of these
departmental letters — 1863 — must be modified, in view of the accom-
panying information, for which I am indebted to the Acting Agent-
General for South Australia in this country :

" I find, however, in the Report for 1885 of the Postmaster-General and
Superintendent of Telegraphs the following paragraph :

"' In 1868 the practice commenced of printing on the postage stamps used
in the service of the Government the initial letters of the Department to
which they were issued. This involved the keeping on hand of a large
number of stamps of every denomination for each department. I therefore
recommended that these stamps should simply bear the letters " O.S.," and
this has been the practice now for many years.'"

I have carefully examined all my own stamps, with the various
departmental surcharges, and the earliest dates I can discover amongst
very many specimens are March 25th, April 24th, and June 2nd, 1868.
We may therefore reasonably conclude that the issue of these stamps
took place early in 1868, probably at the commencement of the year.

The statement in " Oceania " that these stamps with the various
letters " continued in use until about eight years ago," i.e. 1877, is also,
I think, hardly accurate. There is unfortunately nothing more definite
in the letter quoted before than the statement, in 1885, of the Postmaster-
General of South Australia, that these stamps had been " discontinued
for many years." " Many years " is an elastic expression, but would
probably mean more than ten, or the words "several years" wrould
seem more applicable. I have studied all the dated specimens I
possess, and, with one exception, which I will refer to, I find the
latest dates are June 11th, July, and August, 1874. On the other

160

MEMBERS OP THE PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON.

hand, I have many specimens with the surcharge "O.S." dated
before 1877, the earliest of which are March and April, 1875 (on
the Id., Type I.). The exception as to date is a specimen of the
"P.S." (Principal Secretary), 9d., mauve-lilac, which is clearly post-
marked April 21st, 1876. Curiously enough, the earliest date I
have before referred to, is on a stamp of the same value issued by
this department (March 25th, 1868). There are some values issued
with these letters (" P.S.") that are not found on others— as the 3d., blue,
both with the black and carmine overprinted value, the 9d., lilac, and
the 10d., yellow, with black surcharge, although specimens with "O.S."
of the 3d., black surcharge, and 9d., perf., are at rare intervals met with.
It seems therefore that so important an office as the Principal Secretary,
probably conducting foreign correspondence, might have formed an
exception to the other departments, both as to the variety of stamps
issued by it and the date of use. Of course, the lateness of a date is
no infallible guide, and indeed I have specimens of the " O.S." with
the old lattice-shaped postmark; I am therefore inclined to consider
the stamps used by the Principal Secretary's office as somewhat of an
exception to the general rule, and relying upon the dates gathered
from the other departments, to assign the time for the withdrawal of
these surcharges as the end of 1874. I should therefore date the issue
of the stamps lettered for each respective department as from January
1st, 1868, to December 31st, 1874, and the issue of the generic letters
" O.S." as January 1st, 1875.

(To be continued.)

fist 0f Itemto jrf t\t IPatelit $nmt& a f mtium.

JTJLTT, 1801.

Honorary President— H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., &c.

COMMITTEE.

President— F. A. Philbrick, Q.C.

Vice-President— M. P. Castle.

Secretary — D. Garth. Assistant- Secretary — J. A. Tilleard.

Treasurer and Librarian — C. N. Biggs.

E. D. Bacon. A. W. Chambers.

Major E. B. Evans. Dr. C. W. Viner.

MEMBERS.

P. J. Anderson, f.s.a.

E. D. Bacon.
A. R. Barrett.

F. G. Bepler.
H. E. Benson.
C. N. Biggs.
F. A. Bond.

F. Breitfuss.
E. F. Broderip.
M. Burnett.

G. Campbell.
C. F. Casella.
M. P. Castle.

A. W. Chambers.

E. Chambers.

C. Colman.

Sir Daniel Cooper, Bart.

C. B. Corwin.

W. Cowland.

A. B. Creeke.

W. A. Cunningham.

A. Davis.

C. J. Daun.

H. F. Deane.

A. F. Duro.

E. A. Elliot.

A. C. Emerson.

Major E. B. Evans, r.a.

PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON.

161

0. Firth.

C. E. Fox.

D. Garth.
C. Geldard.
L. Gibb.

E. S. Gibbons.
R. Greening.

The Earl de Grey.

C. Harrison.
G. Harrison.
W. Harrison.

E. Hawkins.

J. D. Henderson.
Pearson Hill.

D. H. Hill.

A. HOLMAN.

Dr. A. Houison.
A. F. Basset Hull.
G. J. Hynes.
W. E. Image.
D. M. Jacobs.
T. Wickham Jones.
J. F. Jones.

W. R. JOYNT.

The Earl of Kingston.
T. W. Kitt.
J. Kleinwort.
Dr. F. Kalckhoff.

C. J. Lambert.

F. J. Lilly.
A. Ludwig.

F. G. C. Lundy.
A. Lyall.

D. Forbes Mackenzie.
J. N. Marsden.

Dr. W. Masterman.

W. Matthews.

T. Maycock.

R. Meyer.

Dr. G. Michelsen.

J. B. Moens.

Capt. Myers.

E. J. Nankivell.

C. Nevill.
G. B. T. Nicholl.
T. G. Nicholson.
Capt. C. L. Norris.

T. NOTTHAFFT.

R. Pearse.
G. S. Perkins.
F. A. Philbrick
F. Ransom.
J. H. Redman.

F. M. RlGGE.

V. Roberts.

B. P. Rodd.

Leon Rodet.

E. H. W. Rossiter

W. Scott.

E. Shorthouse.

J. Siewert.

E. F. Stearns.

W. M. Stedart.

Major A. Smith.

A. Steudel.

E. Tamsen.
Mrs. Tebay.
P. J. Thorpe.
J. K. Tiffany.
J. A. Tilleard.
J. H. Tilly.

H. H. Townsend.
Rev. W. N. Usher.

F. C. Van Duzer.
T. Vasmer.

Dr. C. W. Viner.

J. Walker.

A. E. Westaway.

T. West.

W. A. S. Westoby.

G. Whitfield.
W. E. Williams.
A. H. Wilson.
W. T. Wilson.
A. De Worms.

q.c.

PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON,

Honorary President — H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., &o.

COMMITTEE FOR THE YEAR 1891-92.

President — F. A. Philbriok, Q.C.

Vice-President— M. P. Castle.

Secretary — D. Garth. Assistant-Secretary — J. A. Tilleard.

Treasurer and Librarian — C. N. Biggs.

E. D. Baoon. Major Evans.

A. W. Chambers. Dr. C. W. Viner.

The sixteenth meeting of the season 1890-91, being the Annual General

Meeting of the Society, was held at the Salisbury Hotel, Fleet Street, on

Friday, the 29th May, 1891, and was attended by seventeen members,

including the Vice-President in the chair. After the minutes of the last

meeting had been read and confirmed, the Secretary produced imperforate

162 VARIA.

specimens of the Id. and 2d. stamps of Ceylon, with watermark Crown
and C C, and also a pair of 4 annas, black, Indian stamps, imperforate, all
of which were forwarded by Stanley, Gibbons, Limited, for inspection by
the members present at the meeting. A letter from Mr. Phillips was also
read, enclosing a correspondence with Mr. Ruggiero, of Alexandria, who
stated that he had in his possession the watermarked paper used for the
first issues of the Egyptian stamps, together with all the " postmarks " used
down to the year 1882, and suggesting that the stamps should be "re-
printed." Mr. Phillips explained in his letter how the matter had been
brought to the attention of the Egyptian Postmaster- General, who had
been able to recover the paper and postmarks, so that no improper use
could be made of them. The Secretary was requested to acknowledge
Mr. Phillips' communication, and to convey to him the thanks of the
Society for the action taken by his Company. The Treasurer presented
his annual balance-sheet, and it was resolved that this should be printed
and circulated amongst the members, and a cordial vote of thanks was
accorded to the Treasurer and the Auditors for their services. Mr. W.
Harrison, proposed by Mr. Castle, and seconded by the Secretary, and
Mr. John Walker, proposed by Mr. W. T. Wilson, and seconded by the
Secretary, were elected members of the Society. The Secretary then read
his annual report on the work of the season ; and on the motion of Mr.
Castle, seconded by Major Evans, a cordial vote of thanks was accorded
to the Secretary for his services, and the report was directed to be entered
on the minutes. On the consideration of the election of officers for the
ensuing season it was moved by Mr. Castle, seconded by Major Evans, and
resolved unanimously, that Mr. F. A. Philbrick, q.c, be re-elected as
President of the Society ; and on the motion of the Secretary, seconded by
the Assistant-Secretary, Mr. M. P. Castle was elected Vice-President.
On the motion of the President, seconded by Mr. Nankivell, the following
members were elected to serve on the Committee, with the President and
Vice-President, viz., Dr. Viner, Mr. Garth, Mr. Bacon, Mr. Biggs, Mr.
A. W. Chambers, Mr. Tilleard, and Major Evans. Mr. A. W. Chambers
gave notice that at the next meeting he would move a resolution on the
subject of the future publications of the Society.

Varta,

The announcement in the last number of the Philatelic Journal of
Great Britain as to the disposal of the late Mr. Tapling's collection
has no foundation on fact. We have it on the best authority that as
yet no official intimation of the bequest to the Museum has yet been
conveyed to the Trustees of that institution, and therefore they cannot
have, as intimated, declined to accept the conditions accompanying the
gift. Such a refusal is, we trust, as undesirable as it is improbable.

* * *

The gross value of the personal estate of the late Mr. Thomas Keay
Tapling, of Dulwich, and of 31, Gresham Street, carpet warehouseman,
M.P. for the Harborough Division of Leicestershire, who died on the
11th April last, aged thirty-seven years, has been sworn at £149,227.
By his will, executed on the 29th October, 1889, he bequeaths £1,000
each to the Royal Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, to Harrow School
for the cricket fields, and to Dulwich College for the like purpose. He
bequeaths to the Trustees of the British Museum his collection of
postage stamps, and all things belonging to him appertaining to the
" science or hobby " of stamp-collecting, on condition that the collection,
to be known as the Tapling Collection, is never broken up, and is kept
in a separate room, or part of a room, accessible at all times to the
President and Secretary of the Philatelic Society. He also leaves
£1,000 to the Trustees of the British Museum to defray the cost of
mounting and arranging his collection of postage stamps. — Standard.

VARTA. 163

The Vienna Postal Congress has now terminated its labours, and we
shall doubtless soon have the official report. Meanwhile we glean that
in answer to Mr. Henniker-Heaton, on July 18th, Mr. Raikes stated
in the House of Commons —

"That the main work of the Congress, which had dealt with some two
hundred proposals, had been completing and consolidating the Postal Union
and its system. They had arranged for the accession of Australia and New
Zealand to the Union on October 1st next. The Congress had adopted extended
limits of size (one foot by eight inches by four inches) for sample packets sent
all over the Union ; had facilitated the adoption of a higher limit of weight
than the present where desired ; had relaxed somewhat the rules as to
printed matter, circulars, visiting cards, &c; had extended the facilities of
the public in regard to post cards, generalised the system of reply-paid post
cards, and arranged that unpaid post cards should be delivered as letters
instead of being stopped and destroyed; and had laid down a uniform
practice as regarded charges on returned unpaid letters, and the time
during which undelivered letters should be kept before return to the
writers. It had constituted a central clearing-house for adjusting postal
balances, and so saving labour and charges for remittance ; agreed upon
means to be reciprocally adopted for repressing throughout the Union
attempts to defraud the revenue by using forged or cleaned stamps"
(we wish that the words "or any person" could have been added after
"revenue"); "and had so simplified the complex accounts relative to
transit correspondence for places outside the Union as to allow considerable
amelioration of the relations of such British Colonies as the Cape with the
outer world."

# # *

The apprehensions of Mr. Beadon in his book (reviewed by us last
month) have proved without ground. The fact that our Australian
Colonies have now for the first time joined the Union is of itself an
important gain in extending " the federation of the world." The fear
then expressed that this gain would have its incidental loss in delaying
the advent of the Imperial Penny Post was needless. It will be found,
we believe, that our delegates at the Vienna Congress were instructed
to claim liberty of action for us and our Colonies in the matter of
Ocean Penny Postage. Meanwhile we are glad to note that one of the
last proceedings of the Congress pointed in the direction of a further
extension of the Union. This was a motion of Sir Arthur Blackwood
for giving the British South African Colonies a vote at the next
Congress in the event of their entering the Union.

The Scotch season is proverbially later than that of the south, hence,
although the auctions are now a thing of the past, we are not surprised
to note that they still blossom in the north. We fancy that in Edin-
burgh auctions are like angels' visits, although we have a distinct
recollection of one some years since, when an enterprising amateur
from London journeyed to the Athens of the North and was well
repaid for his trouble. Judging by the catalogue it does not seem to
have been an affair of the first magnitude. The following somewhat
vague comment appears in a daily contemporary :

" In Smith and Co.'s rooms, Edinburgh, a collection of postage stamps,
comprising 331 lots, was last week sold by auction. Thirteen Grecian
stamps brought £1 3s.; four Reunion, £1 2s.; five Bermuda Provisionals,
1874-5, £1 ; one Bolivia, 1867, £l Is. ; one Guatemala, 1881, error, £2 ;
six Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, £1 3s.; and four New South Wales,
1850, £1 2s., £l 3s., 14s., and 10s. respectively. Altogether over £100
were realised by the sale."

164 CORRESPONDENCE.

Xo respectable capital will in the future have a claim to be considered
a civilised place of abode unless it has a Philatelic Museum. Vienna,
Berlin, and London (we hope) have complied with this fin de sie'cle
innovation, and we note that the capital of Saxon has followed suit.

"A Museum of Postage Stamps has been established at Dresden, and a
very large collection has been brought together. It was formally opened
last week by Prince Frederick Augustus of "Saxony."

Dresden sent some fine stamps to our London Exhibition last year,
and there is no lack of collectors in that charming place of resort, so
we are entitled to hope that the Museum collection will nourish like
the bay tree.

ComspontiuKi*

PHILATELIC PROTECTION ASSOCIATION.
To the Editor of " The Philatelic Record."
Dear Sie, — At the last meeting of the Philatelic Protection Associ-
ation I was instructed to forward you the enclosed circular, containing
a list of recent and dangerous forgeries that have been brought to the
notice of the Association, and to request you to kindly insert the same
in your next issue. I am, dear Sir, yours truly,
8, Gowee Street, London, W.C.. CHAELES J. PHILLIPS, Secretary.
4th July, 1891. '

8, G-ower Steeet, London, W.C., Uh July, 1591.
New Forgeries. Circular No. 1.

The Philatelic Protection Association hereby warn philatelists against the
following forgeries which have been brought under their notice :

Ceylox. — Iraperf. 4d., 9d., Is. 9d., and 2s.. both with and without the
Star watermark. Per/. 4d., 9d., and 2s., with the Star watermark.

Straits Settlements. — ::4 Cents." on 5 cents., blue (Gibbons, type
2526), with forged red and black surcharges, and the same inverted, on
genuine stamps.

St. Vixcext.— 1590. 2Jd. on 4d., light brown.

Natal. — 1S77. |d. on Id., black and yellow (Gibbons, type 1410), with
inverted and double surcharge. Is., black and lilac, with surcharge down
centre, and with double surcharge.

Cyprus. — 6d. and Is. Surcharge forged on used English stamps.

Great Britain.— iV Levant Post-offices. — 50 paras on 5d., black, lilac,
and blue. [Also I.R. and Government Parcels. — Ed.]

Victoria. — 1857. 2d. Queen on throne. A pah lettered k.p. l.q.

have been shown to the Association, but it is stated that stamps with other
letters are known to be forged, and probably the entire sheet has been
imitated. 1555-65. Is., blue (Gibbons, type 2904), both perf. andimperf.,
and in pairs.

New South Wales. — Sydney views, Id., red, with and without clouds,
usually offered in pairs. 1554. 3d., green (Gibbons, type 1455), on white
paper, but without watermark.

Tasmania, — 1852. Id., blue. 1st issue.

Caxada. — 3d., perf., with false perforations.

The Committee of the Philatelic Protection Association will be happy to
examine and report upon any specimens of the above-mentioned stamps,
on condition that such stamps are sent to the Secretary, accompanied with
sufficient postage for reply. Charles J. Phillips, Secretary.

Tneodor Buhl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

Sffot ipwiat^ J^tatti

Vol. XIII. AUGUST, 1891. No. 152.

T is with the greatest possible satisfaction that we are now
enabled to announce on the highest authority that the
collection of the late Mr. T. K. Tapling, m.p., the Vice-
President of the London Philatelic Society, will become
the property of the trustees of the British Museum.
Their official acceptance of the bequest has now been
notified, and although there was hardly ground for any misgiving
as to the refusal of such a magnificent gift, it is a relief to know
The that all chance of such a mishap has passed away, and
Tapling that the collection will pass to the hands that the
Couection. ^es^a^or desired. Had Mr. Tapling's treasures been
dispersed it would have been impossible ever to replace them, and it
is therefore eminently a matter for congratulation that the finest
collection of Postage Stamps ever formed in this country will, for
all time, remain intact. In these days when we find other nations
forming Philatelic Museums and Collections in their own capitals,
it will be a just source of patriotic pride on the part of British
collectors to think that, owing to the munificence of one of their
body, the National Philatelic Collection of Great Britain will
always be in the front rank. This announcement will, we are
confident, be welcomed by all classes of collectors alike who will
derive a perennial source of pleasure in inspecting the treasures
that Mr. Tapling accumulated with so much care and knowledge,
while for the more scientific purposes of reference it will be simply
invaluable. It will assuredly and deservedly form a living and
a lasting memento of one, the like of whom we may not see again.

The Vienna ^ne protracted labours of the body of gentlemen

Postal connected with postal administration have now been

brought to a close. The fourth Congress of the

Universal Postal Union, which opened at Vienna on May 20th,

terminated on July 4th.

166 THE VIENNA POSTAL CONGRESS.

It is curious to note that the Congress has had precisely
the same duration as the last Postal Congress, held at Lisbon
in 1885 — namely, forty-six days. At A'ienna the assembled
plenipotentiaries had some 200 proposals to. deal with, some
requiring prolonged discussion and profound inquiry — and all
demanding a more or less attentive consideration.

It may be remembered that the first Congress was held at Berne
in 1874:, and the second at Paris in 1878. We hope as a fitting
testimony to the country that first instituted the system of Penny
Postage that the next Congress may be held in London. As to the
very large proportion of the 200 proposals that affected matters of
control, executive, increased facilities and other cognate subjects, we
are not called to consider them, as they are not only beyond our
purview, but have been amply discussed in the leading journals of
Europe. It may however be of interest if a brief glance is cast
at such topics as would affect Philately.

The Times considers that " the event which will most distinctly
mark the Congress of Vienna in postal annals is the accession to
the Postal Union of what a historian of Ireland might term the
fifth quarter of the globe. That the great quasi-autonomous
colonies of Great Britain in Australasia have so long remained like
Achilles in his tent has been a standing affliction to the postal
world and the cause of many anomalies sufficiently provoking to
the public, both in Europe and in Australia. The Vienna Congress
has had the sagacity to recognize as of the first importance the
completion of the L^nion, and it has not hesitated to sacrifice for
the moment to that advantage certain other changes which the
public might have been glad to gain. It was in this frame of mind,
it seems, that, in order to secure the adhesion of these important
colonies, the Congress offered not only to accord them the same
position as the Indian Empire and the Dominion of Canada enjoy
— that is to say, the position and influence of separate States in the
affairs of the L^nion — but also to postpone until the next Congress
the consideration of the grave questions of reducing or abolishing
payments for transit, and of altering the letter rates of postage.
The position of the colonies was that, having already incurred
heavy sacrifices in reducing their letter postage, they were unpre-
pared to submit to further loss under that head. They originally
demanded two votes in the affairs of the LTnion, but eventually
decided to accept the offer of a single federal vote with the
guarantee mentioned above as to the rates of postage and payments

THE VIENNA. POSTAL CONGRESS. 167

for transit." Our Antipodean cousins can well afford to wait for
any further modification of postal rates, seeing that they have so
recently and so rapidly descended in their scale of charges. Some
day the fall from 2Jd. to Id. may seem of less consequence than
from 6d. to the former figure. The principal anomaly under existing
circumstances is the 2d. Post Card rate, which does not bear a just
proportion to the letter that is carried for only an additional half-
penny. As the collecting world knows, the new Australian rates
have brought us a quantity of new stamps ; of the quality there is
little to be said beyond that the "hope that springs eternal in the
human breast " leads us to look in the future for a higher artistic
standard.

The amateurs of used Post Cards, for whom we must confess to
have a considerable sympathy, will not, perhaps, appreciate one of
the innovations. There is a rounding off of the phases of existence —
a kind of birth, life, and departure — in a card that has fulfilled its
destiny, and bears its own certificate to that effect, which almost
induces one to overlook the superfluity of inkiness, whether of the
pen or of encre grasse, that detracts from the virgin freshness of an
unused card. The intimation of the slight concession that has
been made to the large class of people who employ post cards may,
therefore, not tend to increased " immaculateness." In future the
name and address of the sender may be either written or stamped
on the address side; at present they may be stamped, but not
written ; and the writer who has no hand stamp may thus gain a
certain amount of space on the other side for his communication.
It will be at his own risk if he so far abuses this privilege as to
interfere with the clearness of the address at which the card is to
be delivered. We fear the poor cards will suffer from this process !

In view of the wide spread of forgeries that has taken place of
recent years, to which allusion was made in our last issue, it will
be of great interest to collectors to hear, pace The Tiines, that
"another subject, which gave rise to a prolonged and exhaustive
discussion, was the treatment of frauds upon the postal revenue by
means of fictitious or cleaned stamps. The result has been that
strict reciprocity has been arranged for. At present there are some
countries that do not afford proper protection to the revenues of
other countries by punishing the forgery of foreign stamps. The
plenipotentiaries at Vienna have solemnly agreed, on behalf of
their Governments, to take or to recommend to their several
Legislatures the necessary measures of repression ; and no Govern-
152*

168 THE VIENNA POSTAL CONGRESS.

ment which values its credit can possibly afford to ignore the
undertaking of its plenipotentiary on a matter of such obvious
justice and good faith. The Congress has gone so far as to lay
down the lines of procedure in these cases, leaving the adoption of
certain details optional for the moment." We are in hopes of
procuring a more definite account of the resolutions and pro-
ceedings of the Congress on this point — so vital to the well-
being of Philately — and we will only meanwhile express our hope
that the imitation of any stamp, obsolete or current, used or
unused, may be deemed " a fraud upon the postal revenue ! "

The idea of an International Postage Stamp is not, of course,
new. The merit, however, of carrying into the Postal Congress
definite proposals for giving effect to this ambitious idea was
reserved for Mr. Wananiaker. That the Congress rejected the
proposals is not altogether surprising, when it is remembered that
no preliminary notice of motion had been given before the
Congress had assembled, and that there are difficulties of a really
serious kind connected with the differences of currency, variations
of exchanges, and various incidents of the money market.
This proposal resulted in a very animated discussion, but al-
though various modifications and amendments were suggested,
principally by representatives of the Anglo-Saxon races, no
resolution was adopted by the Congress. This is as it should be,
for it is obviously but a milestone on the highway to Universal
Penny Postage, before which millennial period can arrive, there
are many considerations of the highest import that will require
attention.

Another alteration that will also affect that branch of Philatelists
who collect post cards is involved in the fact that the Congress has
ruled that every country of the Union shall in future supply the
public with reply-paid post cards, which decision will have the
effect of adding one item to the tariff of the several countries
where such cards are not yet used. We fancy there are a good
few countries that have not yet conformed to the rule, so, fortu-
nately at a small expenditure, there will be a good crop of
Novelties to be acquired by those who retain their interest in
cards. One of the principal arguments adopted by the advocates
of the " Universal Stamp " was the impossibility of forwarding
stamps to a correspondent for a reply. This proposal, therefore,
should be welcomed as, to some extent, answering this demand.
If the correspondence is of small import a reply card will well

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 16$

suffice ; whereas, if more weighty considerations necessitates that
it should go under cover, it will be found that it is not very often
that the person making the reply can expect to be entirely exempt
from the small payment required.

It will therefore be seen that the domain of Philately has been
frequently encroached on by the deliberations of the delegates of
the Universal Postal Union, and that no inconsiderable changes
are presaged in the objects collected by the votaries of the science.
The strenuous efforts made to simplify the Postal Eates of the
world are most satisfactory, as showing there may be a far-off
halcyon time when new issues of many values will be few and far
between. May the Congress resolutions imply extinction to the
imitators of stamps ! When the blissful time arrives that these
two "mays" have developed into the present tense — when the
surcharger ceases from troubling and the forger is at rest —
Philately will have indeed attained its meridian !

To our Correspondents. — We shall be glad to receive from collectors and
dealers notices of Novelties, etc., which can, if desired, be inserted with
the sender's name and the date of receipt. Communications as to these,
as also general philatelic and postal information and correspondence,
should be addressed to " The Editor of the Philatelic Record," care of
Messrs. Theodor Buhl and Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C,

ADHESIVES.

Argentine Republic. — It appears that in addition to the
high values already noted a 50 pesos was prepared for use, but
for some reason, according to the Timbre-Poste, the whole stock
of 100,000 specimens has been cremated. As the effigy seems to
have been, according to a proof, that of a singularly unprepossess-
ing old gentleman adorned with a nightcap, and — not being
furnished with a neck — in imminent danger of apoplexy, perhaps
it is all for the best.

Austria. — We are informed by the Philatelist that the Inter-
national Postage Stamp Museum in Vienna has an error in colour
of the 2 kreuzer of the first isssue of the Dual Empire printed in
red instead of black. The specimen in question is attached to a
3 kreuzer in the normal red colour, forming an unsevered pair,
and clearly, therefore, indicates that a cliche of the lower value
had by some mistake been inserted in the plate; our informant
does not state whether the specimens in question are postmarked.
2 kreuzer, red : 1850 issue ; error of colour.

170

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Austrian Italy. — From the same source, and existing also in
the Vienna Museum, we hear of the 30 cents of
the first issue printed on either side.

30 cents, brown ; 1850 issue : printed on both sides.

We illustrate the newspaper stamp described in
our last issue.

Bolivar. — Our publishers have received the new
set of stamps that is an annual postal necessity for tins country,
with their date of nativity duly inscribed thereon ; they differ in
colour from their predecessors, and are engraved.

1 centavo, black.

5 centavos, orange.
20 „ red.
50 „ gTeen.

1 peso, yiolet

Bolivia. — We have had submitted to us by our publishers some
specimens of what purport to be original stamps of the first issues,
with the engraved eagle, but we share their opinion in considering
them as reprints only. They consisted of the 50 centavos, yellow, and
the like in blue, and although some of them were beautifully post-
marked (]), a close examination of the paper showed that it varied
much as to texture and colour from what we have been accustomed to
regard as the real Simon Pure. As they are undoubtedly genuine
impressions we must regard them as reprints, but we cannot extend
this definition to the obliterations, which are obvious forgeries.

Brazil. — We have received the current newspaper stamp in a
bright ultramarine colour quite different from the dull milky-blue
shade in which it has previously appeared.

Newspaper Stamp. Current issue, 10 reis, ultramarine.

The I. B. J. makes mention of a sheet of the 1889 (?) "news-
paper stamp, 10 reis, orange/' on which all the stamps have the
horizontal rouletting omitted.

Kev:spap>er Stamp. 10 reis, orange ; rouletted and imperf. horizontally.

British East Africa. — The two stamps mentioned on page 123
last month belong to the issues of this Company, and not to that
of the South. We shall have to make these surcharges a special
department, if the epidemic continues to rage, under a special
sub-editor, with a pension to his widow !

British Honduras. — Five new values of the " Seychelles
Type " have appeared, some of which we illustrate. Thev have the
■T usual watermarks and perforations ;
we are indebted to Messrs. Whitfield,
King, & Co. for the information.

2 c, carmine ; wink. CA k Crown ; perf. 14.

3 c, brown ,, ,,
6 c, blue ,, ,,
12 c, lilac and green ,, ,,
24 c, yellow and blue ,, „

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 171

Chili. — The very civil war that has been so long dividing the
Chilian nation into rival camps, has resulted in the reversion to the
use of the well-known long fiscal stamps bearing the arms of the
country, which The Metropolitan Philatelist thus comments on :

"The northern portions of Chili occupied by the insurgents, or,
as they call themselves, the Congressionalists, have run out of
regular postage stamps, and therefore the post-offices are passing,
no doubt by authority, the fiscal stamps of Chili. We have, up
to date, seen used in this way 2 c, brown, 5c, blue, and 10 c.,,
green, all bearing the well-known long rectangular fiscal stamps of
Chili, which, by the way, are possessed of considerable beauty.

" What the Congressionalists will do when they run out of these
fiscal stamps we cannot imagine; but we will no doubt have to
look out for a lot of provisional makeshifts, unless the disturbances
end shortly, which at present does not seem to be very probable.

"The stamps in question are mostly postmarked Arica, Tacna,
Antofagasta, and Iquique, these being the four principal towns in
the regions occupied by the Congressionalists."

Dominican Republic. — We have received three new values
of the current set, to wit,

50 centavos, violet.

1 peso, carmine.

2 pesos, red-brown.

Gwalior. — Our publishers inform us that they hear of two new
values bearing the same surcharge as in use at the present time.

9 pies, carmine, black surcharge.
12 annas, brick-red, ,,

Hawaii. — We hear through Mr. W. F. Eeynolds of a sheet of
the current 5 cents without perforation above and below the stamps.
5 c, blue, current issue, imperf. horizontally.

Honduras. — From the Revue Philatelique we note that on the
first of July a new stamp was issued of a new type, with the
President's effigy. 5 centavos, green, perf. 12.

Italy. — We have the new high value of this country, with a
bi-coloured representation of King Humbert, and
differing materially from the stamp thus super-
seded, as will be noted by the illustration.
5 lire, carmine and blue, perf.

Johor. — It appears that there are five varieties
of type in the surcharged 2 c. on 24 c, green,
described by us on page 127.

LagOS. — The new Postal Union value has
been sent us exactly as the current set, but with the oddly-
expressed value, " 2 J penny," in the label at the base.

2^d., bright blue ; wink. C.A. and Crown ; perf. 14.

172 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Luxemburg. — The new issue that we have already alluded to
(p. 73), and that we have been so long expecting, has at last made
its appearance — or partially so — two values having come to hand.
They are, as foreshadowed, a decided improvement on the mere-
tricious and poverty-stricken set that has been current in the Duchy
of late years. The centre is occupied by a full-
face portrait, within an oval, of the reigning
Grand Duke in military uniform and well be-
medalled. The inscription Grand Duche de
Luxembourg above, and centimes below, are
contained in the band that encircles the portrait,
and are separated by laurel leaves at either side,
while the numeral of value, within a circle,
impinges upon it at the lower angles, the upper
ones containing floreate ornaments. The paper is white-wove, and
they are perforated. TVe add illustration.

10 centimes, carmine ; perf. 11 J.

25 „ blue ,,

Martinique. — In our chronicle of last month we added three
varieties to those mentioned in our penultimate Record, and did
not anticipate that "there was a deeper depth still." Alas! there
are two more that must be added to the list of this set of over-
printed unpaid letter stamps, surcharged, like their confreres, impar-
tially in red and black. Curses we know come home to roost, and
so do jokes apparently. In a weak moment we inserted, in com-
menting on these stamps in the June Record, a '• word-play "
emanating from an esteemed correspondent, while we modestly
deprecated the possibly direful effect of his "iniquity." We have
fallen between two stools, and have given sad offence to our con-
temporary, the Revue Philatelique, which reproduces our paragraph
in extensOj and translates even, as well as the exigencies of the
Gallic tongue will allow, the melancholy jeu d1 esprit that owned
Mr. Cheveley's paternity. "With a contemptuous reference to our
poor insular wit, as exemplified, our French friend proceeds to rate
perfidious Albion and frivolous Record for daring to suggest the
term "iniquity" as applying to any French colonial surcharge.
"Have we not our surcharged Ceylons, Hongkongs, Grenadas,
Straits, Capes, and our officials of South Australia and India?"
And yet we dare to joke about the ]STossi-bes and Senegals ! If
our Parisian friends will study the files of this paper they will find
that in our invectives against the modern plague of surcharges we
have not hesitated to condemn those of our own Colonies who have
been guilty of "over issue," and that as regards places like Ceylon,
Grenada, and Jamaica, we have as plainly as possible intimated our
opinion, which we reiterate, that the irregularity that permits Post-
office officials to issue fresh varieties of stamps at their own sweet
will, and probably for their own ends, is nothing short of a scandal
that calls for instant repression. Our Capes, Ceylons, British
Guianas, and Australians, despite their recent additions, have, how-

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

173

ever, a few good old stamps to recommend their collection, whose
pecuniary value is not despised on either side of the British Channel
Our neighbours have their Reunions and New Caledonians of the
first issue, stamps after a philatelist's heart, but, to quote their own
countryman, "after that the deluge." Our contemporary should
remember that even two blacks do not make a white, and that a
tu quoque is not the best or most dignified of arguments !

15 c, red surcharge in 30 c, current Unpaid Letter Stamp.

15 c, black „ „ „ ,,

Monaco. — According to the Timbre- Post e, the colour of the 50c.
chronicled in this paper in June (page 127) is violet on yellow
instead of yellow on brown, as we were then informed. By a
palpable printer's mistake the word " page " after the several values
was also inserted instead of "perf."

Mexico. — It appears that Messrs. Stanley, Gibbons have also
found a copy of the double impression that we noted last month —
on the 2 reales of the 1867 issue, with Gothic surcharge; and in
addition, the same variety on the next higher value.
1867, with Gothic surcharge, 4 reales, red on yellow, printed on both sides.

Natal. — We illustrate the new 2 Jd. chronicled
last month.

New South Wales. — As will be seen else-
where, we are indebted to Mr. W. B. Thornhill
for news of two fresh varieties. The first is the
" 3d., laureated, on the fine ribbed paper of the
first Id. Sydney." The 8d. of this issue is well
known to exist on a narrow ribbed paper; and
in default of having seen the stamp in question, it may be safe to
assume it resembles this more closely than the earlier issue alluded
to by our correspondent.

3d., green, laureated issue, no wmk., on finely ribbed paper.

The second variety is the Is. value of the 1860 issue — the large
square stamps — being a vertical pair without perforation between
them, the 6d. value of this set being already known to exist in a
similar condition.

Is., carmine ; 1860 issue ; perf. 13 on three sides only.

Several Continental journals have described a provisional half-
penny value created by surcharging the current violet penny with
the modern " Sydney View " in thin Egyptian letters, " Half-
penny " over the previously existing value. We have not yet seen
this stamp, and are rather surprised to find that the New South
Wales postal authorities should "run" two provisional varieties of
a like value at the same time ; but we give it the benefit of the
doubt for the present.

|d., black surcharge, on Id., violet, current issue.

We have also to note the arrival of another addition to the On
Service series by the emission of the 8d. of the set now in use,
bearing the picture, as it may be remembered, of an ornithological
152**

174 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

specimen with an abnormally developed caudal appendage (as some
writers would shortly describe the lyre bird). We also note in the
I.B.J, that the recently surcharged half -penny and twelvepence
half-penny stamp have also been impressed into the same official
service.

id., on Id. grey, current issue ; perf. 12 j ; wink. Crown and X.S.W.

with black surcharge ft S.
Sd., violet „ „ „ „ „

12M., on Is., vermilion „ .. „ „

Our publishers have shown us a rather clever forgery of the
current £1. It can, however, be readily distinguished from the
genuine article, either by the watermark, perforation, or design.

Pahang. — It appears that there are at least four different
varieties of surcharge of the 2 c. on 24 c. green, described in the
Record on page 130.

Parma. — The reference to the crop of " resuscitations " of the
stamps of this ci-devant Duchy that are made in our last number
has caused us to receive quite a number of communications from
persons variously interested therein. In two instances, one that of
a dealer who wishes to sell, and another that of a collector who
has bought, they do not seem to agree with our opinion on these
stamps ; one we may add that has received a very important ratifi-
cation. "We have lately however seen another batch of Parma
Stamps, consisting of a considerable number of specimens mostly
"on the original letters'1 ("'and what can be nicer than that?"') of
almost all values of the early issues. All these commoner stamps,
whether on or off letters, were, with the exception of a 15 c, quite
genuine, but en revanche all the better stamps were in our opinion
bad, e.g. our old friend the 15 c. of 1852, ftte-oeche, several
specimens of the -10 c, blue of the same issue, and the 5 c,
yellow on white, of 1854, not to mention other varieties which are
more generally seen unused, with more than suspicious-looking post-
marks. We have also seen the 25 c, black on violet, with a
double impression, this time a 40 cent, being on the reverse. We
are more than ever confirmed in our view that in these so-called
discoveries, collectors are in presence of one of the most dangerous
deceptions that Philately has yet encountered. We add for con-
venient reference the additional varieties above alluded to :

Issioc of June, 1852.
40 c, black on blue.

Some of IS 53.
25 c, black on violet; printed both sides, the reverse being a 10 c. in
the same colour.

Perak. — Following the lead of the other Malaccan States, the
24 c, green, of the Straits issue has been surcharged similarly to
those noted Johore, etc., in the June Record, there being according
to the I.J.B. five varieties of type ; another value, the six cents.
violet, has also been lowered in denomination by the like surcharge
(perak — one — cent in three lines, and the value barred), there

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 175

being here also five varieties of type, one of which, being the sixth
stamp in the top row, bears the word Preak in error.

1 c, black surcharge on 6 c, violet; Straits Settlements type; wmk.
Crown and CA ; perf. 14 ; five varieties of type.

1 c. , black surcharge on 6 c. , violet ; Straits Settlements type ; wmk.

Crown and CA ; perf. 14 ; error preak.

2 c, black surcharge on 24 c, green ; Straits Settlements type ; wmk.

Crown and CA ; perf. 14 ; five varieties of type.

Persia. — M. Grignard sends us the following further information
regarding the differing types of the 1879 issue, with the coloured
borders that were mentioned on page 130. We had a belief in
the genuineness of the fresh type, although it differed materially
from that previously known, and this is now accounted for by the
fact that it was printed from the die used for the envelopes ; this
we have verified by comparison. It seems, however, strange that
these several varieties should have remained so long dormant, and
we trust that the envelope die is non-existent. "Kef erring to
the Persia stamp I had the honour to send you last month for
inspection (10s. violet frame), and of which you kindly speak in
the Record for June, I beg to say I have been able to secure, from
a most reliable source, the following information : This Persian
stamp has been known for two years. It is of a second type.
There exists the 5s., green, the 2s., yellow, and the Is., brown also.
It is the type used for the envelopes applied by error to a few
sheets of stamps. The 10s. violet appears to be the least rare.
This information comes from a very high authority."

Philippines. — The 10c. de peso has changed its colour from
green to rose-brown, says the Timbre-Poste.
10c. de peso, rose-brown.

Russian Locals. —Owing to a considerable pressure on our
space, and a not inconsiderable number of novelties to be recorded,
the rural stamps of Eussia have been somewhat neglected of late.
We regret that we are unable to illustrate them, and content our-
selves with a brief description of the several issues, for which we
are indebted to the columns of the Timbre-Poste, which is so well
informed on this head, our notices being in chronological sequence
as taken from our contemporary.

November, 1890.
Arzamass (Nijnij Novgorod). — Type similar to the preceding
issues, having the inscription "Zemskaja potschta" on the left,
and "Arzamas Oujesda" on the right. There are figures in
the corners. The background of the stamp is entirely filled up
with coloured dots. It is printed on white paper, perf. 13£.
5 kopecks, mauve.
December, 1890.
Soroka (Bessarabia). — The stamps of 1880 are known as having
a blue wavy band and a rose background. It has now been seen
used with the latter grey.

3 kop., red and yellow, blue band, grey background.

176 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

The same type of 1884, with a rose and bine band, has also
generally a rose background. This is also noted with the grey
background and two lance heads in the angles.

3 kop. , red and yellow, grey background, blue and rose band.

3 ., ,, j, ,, ,. ,, ,, (4 lance he

January.
Bzli':ii (Oaf a). — Since last August this postal district has been
using a stamp with the figure of value within a double-lined oval,
containing the inscription of the name of the district and the
value. It is lithographed on white paper.
2 kop., bright red.
Charhoff (Gharkoff). — Here also is a new type, with the
temporarily disappeared horn of plenty, and the figure of value
above instead of below the Arms. The oval contains the usual
inscriptions, and the stamp is lithographed on white paper and
perforated 11^. 5 kop., ultramarine.

Bougouroudand {Samara). — The new issue of these stamps
is so defective as to be almost illegible. In type it resembles its
predecessor, but has the figure of value in the centre, and the
imperial mantle that surrounds it both larger.
2 kop., wine-red.
_ „ „ teie-liche.

Irbit (Perm). — The well-known type of these stamps has been
modified by increasing the size of the figures, and inserting circles
instead of festoons in the background.

2 kop.. black and rose on bluish-white.

Nicolsk (Wologda). — A new local has been issued here, with
the Arms on a shield, printed in three colours, within an oval
containing the usual inscriptions, and broken at each corner by
a circle containing the numeral of value. Lithographed in
chameleonic colours on white paper, and perf. Hi.
2 kop. , black, blue, red, green, and yellow.

Wdsk (Wologda). — The 1889 stamp has been replaced by
another of similar design, but with the inscription placed in a
curved band above the shield, and below it the value within a
circle. Lithographed on white paper, perf. 11 J.

3 kop. , : -

Zadensk (Woroneje). — The 5 kop. of 1889 is now printed in
blue, with carmine figures, except the central one, which is white
on carmine. 5 kops., lilac and carmine ; perf. 1H.

Zolotonoscha (Poltara). — The type of 1S80, which was redrawn
in 1S85, has again been modified. It is easily distinguishable from
these, as the upper and lower inscriptions have the letters upright
instead of slanting. In the 2 kop. the figure is larger, and in the
10 they are slanting.

2 kops., yellow, green, and bh
10 , . yellow, red, and black.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 177

February.

Bogorosk (Moscow). — The colours of the perforated stamps have
been slightly modified, as under :

5 kop., blue (instead of bright blue).
10 „ pale blue (instead of blue-green).

5 „ red.
10 „ rose (instead of red).

Kolomna (Moscoiv). — A new type has been issued here, consisting
of a numeral of value within outer circles containing inscription,
the stamp being circular and of an unpretentious appearance.

1 kop., blue ; perf. 11 J.

2 „ „

February, 1891.

Podolsk (Moscow). — A stamp resembling the type of 1870 or
1871 has been issued, but the arms are in a circle instead of an oval.
5 kopecks, dull green.
Tichvin (Novgorod). — A stamp which is a modification of the
issue of 1889 has been issued. The arms have the upper portion
red and the lower blue, instead of the contrary. The figures in the
lower angles are gold on black and red, instead of white and black.
5 kop., red, black, gold, blue, and silver.
Weissiegonsk (Tver), — The stamps of 1883 have changed colour.
J kopeck, black on iron grey ; perf. 10J.
2 kopecks, black on bright yellow ; perf. 10 J.

March, 1891.

Pskoff (Pskoff). — A pair of new stamps has been issued for this
office. In the centre are the arms in an oval, containing an inscrip-
tion the same as that of the 5 kop., within a diamond-shaped
frame, with a figure in each angle.

1 kopec, pale green.
10 kopecs, red.

Zadonsk ( Woroneje). — Two new stamps have been issued. In a
small circle, surmounted by a crown, is the figure of value, with a
band above it, and an inscription below. Printed in colour, on
white paper; perf. 11 J.

1 kopeck, bright violet.

5 kopecks, blue and bistre.

April, 1891.

Rostoff on Don (Ekterinoslav). — The stamps of 1883 have been
printed on wide laid paper. They are found sometimes tete-beche
and couche. 2 kop., blue.

2 „ „ printed Ute-b&he.
2 „ „ ,, couch6.

Weissiegonsk. — The 1 kop. of the current type has appeared in a
new colour. l kop., bright green ; perf. 10.

152***

178 novelties, discoveries, and resuscitations.

May, 1891.

Ochansk {Perm). — This rural post, suppressed in 1881, has been
re-established, and two stamps issued. In an upright rectangle is a
triple circle in red and gold supporting a pair of scales in gold, and
which contain branches, printed also in gold ; below is a shield in
gold, with arms surmounted by a crown ; and there is also a semi-
circular band in the middle of the stamp, with the inscription, in
black on red, " Ochanskoy Ziemskoy Potchty ; " and below this is
the value in red. Printed on white paper, and perf. 11 J.

2 kop. , black, red, and gold.
2 „ black, green, and gold.
2 „ blue and gold.

Pereiaslaw (Poltava). — The stamp of 1884, after undergoing a
few retouches, has been put in circulation again. In the centre of
an oval is a tower, with a crown on the top of the spire. The in-
scription is the same as that of 1884. The figure at the base of
the oval is larger than formerly. Printed in colour on coloured
paper; perf. 11£. 5 kopecks, bistre on green.

June, 1891.

Noworjew (Pskoff). — A stamp of the following type has been
issued. A figure in the centre of a star enclosed in a rectangular
cross-lined frame, with an outside border of inscription denoting
place of issue and value. The stamp is lithographed and printed
in colour on white paper; peri* 11£.

3 kop. , slate-violet.

Ochansk (Perm). — There is another value of the type mentioned
before. 10 kop., blue and gold.

Rjeff (Tver). — This post has issued a new stamp. The type is :
a circle of solid background containing the figure 2 surrounded by
the inscription " Ziemskaya Potchta." At the top is a band with
the word Ejewskaya, and supporting the arms of Ejem Below, a
horizontal inscription "Dwie Kop," all in an upright rectangle
with a laticed background. Lithographed and printed in colour
on white paper, perf. 11 J.

2 kop. , grey and red.

Solikamsk (Perm). — A new value has been added to the existing
2 kopecks. The type is the same, the shade of the 2 kopecks
being modified. l kop., blue.

2 kop., deep red and pale blue. /

July, 1891.

Gadiatsch (Poltava). — There are three new stamps for this post.
The first has lilac arms in a circle of deep red containing the value.
Above is the inscription "Gadiatschkaya"; below, "Zimsk Potchta"
in lilac. The whole is in a frame of carmine.
3 kop., lilac and red on white.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 179

The second stamp gives us for arms St. George and the dragon
(presumably), and the inscription "Marka Gadiatskoy Timskoy
Potchti" surrounds the arms; on the left is "tri"; on the right
" kop," and below " tri kop " ; the background is yellow.
3 kop., lilac and yellow.

The third type has the arms indistinct in a double oval, contain-
ing the same inscription as preceding stamp. The whole in a
rectangular frame with a background of solid colour, and having
the figure 3 in the angles. Printed in colour on white paper.
3 kop., bright violet.

Griazowetz (Wologda). — Stamps with the arms of 1873 have
appeared. The arms are in an oval containing inscription " Griaz-
owetzkaja Ziemskaya Potchti," and below "tschetyre kop." The
figure of value is in a small circle in the angle, and the background
is vertically lined. Lithographed and printed in colour on white
laid paper. 4 kop., ultramarine.

Prilouky (Poltava). — The stamp "with calf's head" is now
printed in black on deep brown.

5 kop., deep brown.

Solikamsk (Perm). — A new stamp of fresh design has been
issued here.

In the centre are the arms surmounted by a crown, the whole
within a oval band with the inscription " Solikamskoi Zemskoi
Potchki " ; below is the value " Tschetyre kop." In the corner of
the rectangle is the figure of value. Lithographed and printed in
colour on white paper; perf. 11£.

4 kop., red.

Saint Lucia- — Fresh values are announced here consisting of
the 5 and 10 shillings, uniform in type with the current series, but
printed in two colours.

5 shillings, lilac and orange ; wmk. Crown and C A ; perf. 14.
10 „ ,, black; „ „ „ „

Salvador. — We illustrate the stamp des-
cribed on page 101.

Sarawak. — Our publishers send note of
two new values of the current type, the lower
of which will supersede the provisional of the
same value recently announced.

5 cents, lilac and green ; perf. 14,
10 „ green and violet „

Selangor. — The variety mentioned last month — 2 c. on 24 c.
green — also exists in five varieties of type.

Servia. — We have received some forgeries of the second issue
which in general appearance closely resemble the real stamps,

180 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

although careful comparison will quickly shew material divergences ;
the perforation being however 11J they can be quickly recognised.
We are indebted to Messrs. Bright and Son for the sight of them.

Sierra Leone. — The current sixpence is noted by our publishers
in a new shade.

6d., brown violet; wmk. Crown and CH ; perf. 14.

South Australia. — We have the following interesting varieties
to note through Mr. Thornhill's information. We have been
favoured with a sight of the stamps, and although confirmation as
to their authenticity is hardly needed in the case of so experienced
a collector as our correspondent, we are pleased to give it.

2d., orange-red, 1859 issue, rouletted ; printed on both sides.
10d., yellow and black, 1868-9 issue, rouletted ; do. (except surcharge.)

9d., grey, 1859 issue, rouletted ; with double roulettes on three sides.

The new surcharge in thin fancy capitals that appeared on the
Id. a few weeks since has now been impressed on the 2d.
2d. , red. , black surcharged, OS in thin fancy capitals.
Mr. T. W. Cheveley writes : " I notice in the Record for July
that you say in reference to the 2d. stamp of South Australia with
watermark turned the wrong way : — ' We have several specimens
thus . . . that is, reading ' a s,' due no doubt to the impression
being struck on the wrong side of the paper.

" May I suggest that if such were the case the watermark would
not read 'as,' but '*as,' and that the error is caused by the
accidental reversal of the letters in fixing the watermark wires in
their places prior to receiving the pulp."

Mr. Cheveley is quite correct, of course, as to letters reading the
reverse way, though the " a " would not show it : and we gathered
from the paragraph in the Monthly Journal, which originally
mentioned the matter, that the stamp referred to was one of this
kind of which we have several copies in our collection, the differ-
ence being attributable, as we surmised, to the impression being
printed on the wrong side of the paper. We were not aware of the
existence of any other variety, but the owner of the stamp in
question has kindly submitted it to us, and we note that it is
another variety altogether. We have examined a number of speci-
mens, and append the several variations of the watermark,
premising that we have read them, looking at the stamp from the
face side; the 1st and 2nd varieties read exactly alike, if one
stamp is turned over and regarded from the back.

1st . "Watermark about 12 mm. wide, letters more spaced.

Rouletted „ SA & Crown „ „ „

„ * AS & Crown „ „

perf. 10 . „ SA & Crown „

„ * AS & Crown „
"Watermark about 10 mm. wide.
perf. 10 . ,. SA & Crown „

„ * SA & Crown (with OS)

* We are unable to reproduce this S exactly in type, but the lower bow of
the S should be to the left and the upper to the right, i.e. the letter reversed.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 181

The 2nd and 4th are those we were already acquainted with, and
the last the stamp of our correspondent. It is therefore not AS,
but should be described as " Watermark SA," the " S " being
reversed, and is no doubt due to the cause assigned by Mr. Cheveley.
The inverted surcharge seems quite satisfactory, and another minor
variety for collectors is constituted of the South Australia 2d., of
which stamp there are already a marvellous number of "differ-
entiating " specimens.

Surinam. — The 5 c, blue, with the numeral in the centre, has
now to be added to the other values that have preceded it of the
same design. 5 c, blue, perf. 12 J

Sweden. — In addition to the ordinary stamp described last
month, the new 2 c. value has appeared in the official series of the
well-known oblong type so long current.

2 ore, orange, official stamp, perf. 14.

The I.B.J, states that the following new varieties may be shortly
expected : Type with figure, 1, 3, 4 ore

New Type 25, 30, and 50 ore.

„ (larger) 1. and 2 krone.

The latter to be a copper-plate engraved portrait of the king,
and to have a Crown watermark. This is good news, if they equal
those that have lately been issued, which are worthy of a European
country — a qualification not universally attained !

Victoria. — From Mr. Thornhill's letter it will be seen that the
full-length portrait of the Queen, that erst did duty for the 6d.
stamp and has delighted the hearts of successive generations of
schoolboys, has been discovered by him perforated 12. We saw a
specimen some months since that was so perforated, at least on one
side, and we have "heard talk of" others. There seems no in-
herent improbability of this stamp having been perforated — and,
indeed, with Victorian perforation and watermarks it must have
been the improbable that always happened — hence we chronicle it
on the accumulative evidence above mentioned.
6d. blue, 1857 issue ; perf. 12.

The current Id. vermilion has been sent to us by our publishers
on pink paper, resembling that used for the 8d. It is " supposed
to be an error," but not by us, and we look for the speedy arrival
of the main body, of which this is but a scout.
Id., current issue, on pink paper.

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.

Argentine Republic. — We hear from a correspondent in
Argentina that in addition to the varying paper of the J- c,
brown, described on page 102 of the Record, the one centavo also

182 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

exists on a thin paper, almost transparent, of a dull brown hue.
Our correspondent omits to give dimensions, adds that the green
of the 1 centavo is of a darker shade, and that the paper was
inadvertently used for a short time.

Wrapper. 1 centavo, green, on thin dull brown paper.

ga0. v -. y. tf .„«« Bamra. — We illustrate the envelope described

T % Feudatery , * on page 132.
'< Half anna m$ Finland. — It appears that there are two sizes

^f of each of the wrappers recorded on page 133,

&k but we have not the exact dimensions.

£^!jl4 Hawaii.— We have received from Mr. W. F.
Beynolds a list of some fresh varieties of the
envelopes of this group of islands, which savour somewhat of
stationery, the contagion perhaps having been wafted from the
United States, their nearest civilised neighbour. They consist of
the following variation of the current 2 cents, rose, with the
vignette of Honolulu in the upper right angle.

We presume our correspondent means as to the second variety,
paper with blue lines, but his description is somewhat ambiguous.
There were only about 2000 of this variety printed.

2 c, rose, current issue, on thick white wove paper, 86 x 151 mm.

2 c. ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, " lined blue."

2c.,, ,, on thin paper.

2 c. ,, ,, very thin paper, without dotted lines for address.

Honduras. — The Monthly Journal states that it has received
wrappers of the new values 5 c. and 10 c. on pale manilla paper.

Wrapper. 5 c, blue on manilla.
10 c, orange „

Russia. — The envelope with the addition of the "flight of
thunderbolts" has apparently been in circulation for some time
according to some of our continental friends, who do not however
give the dimensions.

5 kopecks, violet on cream, with thunderbolts added.

Victoria. — An entirely new design for a
registration envelope has been given to us by
our Victorian friends — more striking than
beautiful — as will be noticed by our illustra-
tion. The usual red lines, etc., are added, and
the dimensions are 138 x 80 mn.

Registration Envelope, 3d., carmine on white.

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Austria. — The double card corresponding to the single one
mentioned on page 30 has now appeared. Like the latter, it has
"20 Para 20," in a black surcharge, extending over the whole

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

183

upper width of the stamp, and the notice of the object of the reply
half of the card in French and German. The size of the card is
140 + 90 (says the I.B.J.), and its colour salmon.

20 Para, black surcharge, on 5 + 5 carmine.

Bolivia. — A reply card is signalled here of the same type as
the adhesives that have been recently issued with the 9 stars, and
of course similar to the single card. Below the words " Eepublica
de Bolivia," and " Tarjeta Postal," that head the card is, on the
first side, " Con resjpuesta pagada," and on the second, " Bespuesta."
The directions in the lower left angle and the " Sr " are in larger
characters than on the single card ; while the words vertically
placed on the right hand are in smaller characters. , The impressions
are on the first and fourth sides, and the American Bank Note
Company are the engravers. We take a portion of above from our
Belgian contemporary.

Reply Card. 2 + 2 centavos, blue.

Finland. — To the ample stationery provided by the paternal
care of the Russian Government for the hapless Finns we have
to add a letter card of 10 kopecks, with a stamp of the adhesive
type of like value, having a circle in each corner, and the usual
inscriptions of the corresponding Eussian cards, and of the same
size and colour. Letter Card. 10 kop., blue on grey.

Greece. — The local impression of the 10 lepta card, ultramarine
on chamois, says the Timhre-Poste, has been changed to a deeper
colour, both as to impression and card.

10 lepta, dark blue on dark yellowish-buff.

Roumania. — A letter card for local circulation has been issued
here. The stamp is of the design of the 1890 series, and is
printed in black on the right hand. The inscriptions on the face
read, "carta postale inchisa" (presumably, limited post card),
and within brackets immediately underneath, " Valubila numae in
raional oraselor " (available for local circulation only). Four lines
for the address follow, the first being initiated with a " D." The
size is 137 x 84 mm. We give below an illustration.
Local Letter Card. 5 bani, black on light grey.

CARTA POSTALA rNCHrSA

184 THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

By M. P. CASTLE.
(Continued from page 160.)

The classification of the numerous varieties of these stamps is a matter
of considerable difficulty, as neither design nor watermark permit of
any arrangement, symmetrical or synchronous. Oceania somewhat
glosses over the difficulty by saying that " the lettering is found printed
in various colours upon almost every variety of type, colour, shade,
watermark, and perforation." As referring to the departmental letters
this is hardly a correct description : in types, there are only the two
varieties of the 2d. : the Id., which is alluded to later on in the fore-
named work as " scarce, except G.S. on Type II.," I have never yet seen
with any other surcharge. In the sheets of official reprints, issued by
the South Australian Post Office Department on the 23rd April, 1884,
the date of issue of the Id. of the second type is given as January,
1S75, which is the date I have ventured to assign, for reasons given, for
the issue of the surcharges of " O.S." It therefore seems feasible that
this type was never used for the various separate departments, and this
surmise is supported by the fact that its predecessor (Type I.) is not
infrequently found bearing the letters " O.S." postmarked early in 1875,
thus indicating that the old stock was not used up at the time of the
change of the lettering. It is therefore hardly likely that the authorities
would go back again to the old lettering on the new issue, when even
the obsolete one had received the new surcharge. If niy assumption on
this head is correct, it is distinctly corroborative as to the date of issue
of the "O.S." As to the remaining portion of the definitions in
Oceania, before mentioned, it would have been perhaps more correct
to have written, " That all the values have been seen bearing some
variety of these departmental letters in either red, blue, or black ; but
that no opportunity has as yet arisen to ascertain which values, water-
marks, perforations, or shades are peculiar to the several departments
respectively."

The table of degrees of rarity, quoted on page 158 of last month's
Record, will also require to be modified in view of recent knowledge.
The Id. I have already alluded to ; the 2d. is described as common.
But there are twopennies and twopennies ! The 3d., with the red sur-
charge, is no longer unknown ; to the 4d. the same remark applies as to
the 2d. ; the Is., orange or yellow, will also probably remain unknown,
as it was superseded in July, 1862, by the brown stamp ! The definitions
of the other values are also susceptible of amendment or explanation,
which, however, I can better do under the heads of the respective
letters in my list.

It is obviously far easier to criticise what little has been done before,
than to make a new departure without any definite compass to steer by.
It was therefore with considerable hesitation that, alter consultation
with one or two friendly collectors, I ultimately decided to mount my
lettered South Australian stamps on the lines that I propose to explain.
The first natural impulse would be to arrange these stamps by the type,
but it will be seen that these vary, both as to dates of issue and design,
the 2d. appearing in two varieties ; the watermarks also are a somewhat
indiscriminate mixture, and are found varying as often as three times on
the same stamp — there was therefore no reliable system to be educed

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

185

here ; the dates of issue also offered no feasible scheme, as the stamps
were not issued in sets or groups. Again, the attempt to arrange each
value alphabetically under its initial letters failed utterly, as in very
many instances, with the most extended search, I had failed to find the
stamps, and it is probable that their use was very vicarious, otherwise
this system would have been a good one. In despair I at last had
recourse to the least important of the distinctive qualifications of a
stamp — perforation — to enable me to reduce the arrangement of these
stamps to anything approaching a system. I think I cannot better
illustrate this plan than by reproducing the synopsis, or table of dates,
that I have written on the first page of the lettered South Australian
stamps in my own collection, premising that the dates of issue are
approximate only, being taken from Oceania, and if the Specimen
Sheet before alluded to is reliable, may have to be somewhat modified
when the next list of the general issues is prepared.

Chronological Table of the issues on which the separately-lettered
Departmental Surcharges are found, roughly classified according to
Perforations :

A. B/OULETTED.
Date.
'59-'64
'66-'67
'67
'68

'68-'9
'70

'68
'68

'68-'72

'70

'71-'4

'71

Values.

Watermark.

Id., 2d.,6d., 9d., Is. .

. Star.

lOd. ' .

* • 3)

4d., 2s. .

2d., Type II. .

S.A. and Crown

2d. „ . .

. Star.

ROULETTED AND PERFORATED 11J.

. Id., 4d., 6d., 10d., Is. . . Star.
. 2d., Type II. . . . „

C. Perforated 11|.

. 2d., Type II. . S.A. and Crown.

. 2d. .... Star.

. Id., 3d.,4d.,6d., 10d., Is., 2s. „

D. Perforated 10.

.2d. ... S.A. and Crown.

. Id., 3d., 4d., 6d., 10d., Is., 2s. Star.
. 2d., 4d. . . V. and Crown.

Perforations Compound.
71 ... Id., 3d., 4d., 6d., 10d., Is., 2s. Star.

Note.— Unless otherwise mentioned the first Type is the one cited; the Is.
is, of course, brown.

It will be obvious that even this system is but a faulty one, occasion-
ally cumbersome, and often as will be seen involved ; but it seems to
me as good as any other, and I therefore present it for what it is worth,
and invite collectors to arrange their L)epartmentals according to it
until a better scheme can be devised. There are, of course, none of the
imperforate stamps that bear these surcharges, as they were all long
obsolete before 1868. The Rouletted Series, which come first, appear
to have borne the brunt of the shock, as all the values with roulettes
are to be found with either one or other of the surcharges, and, as will
be noted later on, more complete sets are found here as a rule than in
the case of the perforated stamps. With regard to the series combining
roulettes and perforations, the order adopted is perhaps chronologically
incorrect ; but by the postmarked specimens that I have, the interval
could have been but a short one, whereas by placing these next the
whole of the perforations follow each other. As regards the various
gauges of perforations, I have, as far as I am able, placed them in their

186 YARIA.

chronological order ; but it will be obvious that this can only be ap-
proximate, as there seems to have been no set rule. There can, however,
be no doubt whatever that the first to appear was that measuring 11^,
and of which the 2d., Type I., is so rarely found. The 10 gauge can
be fairly placed next, from the study of the watermarks and the dated
specimens, while of the compound perforated specimens, I have seen
the ordinary issues used practically up to date. There are so many
varieties of these " compounds " that they can best be generically classed
here, and particularised under their respective letters.

I will now proceed to enumerate the various specimens that I have in
my possession, or have seen in the collections of others. Those that I
indicate with a note of enquiry are varieties that I have heard of, or
have reason to believe may exist ; but such existence must not be
assumed, nor should I include them but for the desire to get further
information for future guidance in a revised catalogue of these stamps.
For the same reason I have adopted a somewhat colloquial, and perhaps
discursive, method in my notes to the various departments, in the hope
perhaps that, being less " dry,'' they will lead to enquiry and amplifi-
cation at the hands of other collectors and writers. With this hoped
for accumulation of knowledge they can, I trust, be some day duly con-
densed on the strictest scientific principles.

T>raria.

We have to announce with great regret the decease of the
Postmaster-General. The premature death of the Right Hon.
gentleman will call forth the unanimous sympathy of philatelists,
and we hope in our next issue to set forth the services rendered
to our postal administration by Mr. Raikes.

At the sitting of the Leipsic Section of the Dresden International
Philatelic Society of the 25th May a discussion took place regarding
the rouletted 4 4 schilling Mecklenburg Schwerin with the dotted back-
ground, when the following interesting information was elicited that
may perhaps be new to some of our readers : — " The measurement (of
the" group) of the 4 4 schillings being exactly square is 2Umm. ; the
two varieties of rouletted stamps measure from roulette to roulette
24f inni., the imperforate stamps have only a space of lfmin. between
each stamp, while there is an intervening space of 3mm. between each
group of rouletted stamps (with and without the dotted background).
If, therefore, a rouletted dotted background specimen has the desired
margins of 3mm. there can be no doubt as to its authenticity."

# * *

The advantage of living in a country so imbued with protective
ideas as the United States has been forcibly brought under the notice
of the American dealers. Under the beneficent provisions of the
McKinley Tariff, postage stamps are articles that have to submit to
the pleasing import tariff of 25 per cent, on their value. It does not
matter whether the articles are the property of the sender, they are
still subject to the duty on re-entry in the States. Assume that a
dealer in New York buys £20 worth of say old European stamps, he
pays £5 for the privilege of making them his own on arrival. With
the duty already paid of £5 and say £10 for his increased pricing or
margin of profit, they would have risen in value to £35, which he sends

VARIA. 187

to a customer abroad, who retains say £5 worth ; the total value of
those returned being £30, he would only have to pay £7 10s. duty for
the privilege of again receiving back his own goods ! It is evident
therefore that the unfortunate dealers in the States have their " on
approbation " business " knocked on the head," and a very serious charge
besides on all they import. We are not surprised to hear that they
have petitioned the Treasury on the subject, or to find that they can
have no redress. Theirs is not the only industry rudely assailed under
the monstrous McKinley Tariff, so we can only hope that the united
efforts of all the classes of traders adversely effected, may eventually
succeed in repealing an Act that is unworthy of so enlightened a
nation as the Americans. ^ ^

The "funny" periodicals are oftentimes of a depressing nature,
nor en revanche are the financial journals as a rule sources of boisterous
merriment. The Financial Times, however, has broken its dull record
of scrip and stock and share, and in a wild enthusiasm of fun that
will probably have its after-effect of depression, or say " bearing,"
thus anticipates the announcement by the late Postmaster -General.

" It is said that to-night Mr. Raikes will expound all the great benefits
that are to be conferred on the world in general, and this country in
particular, by the resolutions of the Postal Congress just concluded at
Vienna ; and as the public is much interested in the subject we have taken
pains to ascertain by anticipation all the good things that are in store for
us. Ocean Penny Postage is to be introduced throughout the world, except
only to the British Colonies and in mails carried by British ships. Mails by
German or French or Netherlands or United States steamers will be established
at a penny, and in all those we will participate in communicating with these
countries and their colonies. But if letters go by a British ship, or are
addressed to a British possession, the rate will be double. This will be
merely a general extension of the principle by which, to Ceylon for example
and a few other purely British Colonies, certain postal rates are less by the
French packet than they are by the British.

"Some valuable alterations will be proposed in regard to post cards.
In future they must be sent open at the ends, and nothing of the nature
of a letter must be written on them. Arrangements will be made to
exaggerate and emphasise the disability suffered in this country, such as
being able to post a card at Boulogne for Folkestone with a stamp put on a
private card, but not being able to respond to Boulogne in the same way.
If a card is posted not open at the ends it will be sold to defray expenses,
and the sender will be prohibited from using post cards for a period of seven
years. Extensive alterations are to made in regard to the postage of
circulars and book packets. A circular may be sent inside an envelope,
provided the envelope is firmly sealed with good sealing-wax and left open
to inspection. Everyone sending a book by post is to affix to the outside a
full statement of the author's religion and of his own weekly income, with a
portrait of his mother-in-law for identification."

* * *

We note with much pleasure in the columns of last month's Timbre
Poste that what the editor dubs the "Incident Parisot" has been
"arranged." It will be remembered that in his well -justified attack
on the recent rubbish purporting to be legitimately issued stamps of
the Dominican Republic, M. Moens made some remarks that M. Parisot,
who apparently was the negotiator for the sale of these " stamps " in
the French capital, resented, and evinced his resentment by laying an
action against our esteemed contemporary, in which he claimed no less
than 20,000 francs as a solatium for his wounded honour. Through
the intervention of two gentlemen, one a collector, no less than M.

188 VARIA.

Philippo de Ferrary, and a dealer, M. Dorsan Astruc, the necessary
amount of salve to heal the wounded feelings of M. Parisot has been
applied. All has ended happily, and, in fact, the lion has laid down
with the lamb — our readers being free to assign the lion's attribute in
whichever quarter they think most fitting ! This is as it should be.
In the true interests of Philately it is well that our leading journals
should, without fear or favour, boldly proclaim the truth regardless of
offence being given in quarters, frequently perhaps, that deserve it ; and
it is to be regretted that a similarly pacific termination of a Philatelic
"libel" has not always been attained. It would be unnecessary to
congratulate M. de Ferrary on the result of his intervention — his
qualities as a gentleman and a friend of Philately rendering such an
action worthy of his reputation ; but to M. Dorsan Astruc, who has
suffered long under some of the merciless and occasionally needlessly
acidulated criticism of our Belgian contemporary, we must offer our
sincere congratulation on an action that redounds in every way to his
credit. We would that the "stamps" as well as the action might be
laid to rest — by cremation ! '_.

Yet another method has come to the fore for disposing of duplicate
stamps ; and the innovation is due to the inventive genius of our
Transatlantic cousins. Mr. A. E. Eogers, of New York, has recently
issued a neatly turned out little catalogue of stamps for sale, the
method of their dispersal being explained by him in his preface :

" As the Third Purchasing Agent of the A. P. A. I have been asked often
to sell or buy for some collectors special stamps, and meeting with consider-
able success, I advertised as a stamp broker to buy or sell on commission.
This brought me iu very quickly a number of valuable stamps from collectors
who are becoming specialists or breaking up their collections, and so to reach
the advanced collectois, as many as I can, to sell these stamps to, I decided
to issue a small list of them, publishing the lowest price at which they are
willing to sell their stamps. This has been augmented since I first started
in by many very rare stamps which I have hunted up among the dealers and
collectors who had them for sale, and I have made a speciality this time of
the United States. The stamps herein catalogued are the property of a
number as before stated of private collectors and the choice stock of many of
our dealers."

The conditions of sale include the following items :

"1st. Bids will be received up to 5.00 p.m. Saturday, July 18th, 1891.

" 2nd. No bid will be considered under any circumstance that is below the
reserve price.

" 3rd. The stamps are sold so much per lot, and the person sending in
the highest bid at or above the printed reserve will be entitled to the lot.

" 4th. If two or more bids are received on the same lot at the same price,
to the one that is mailed the earliest the lot will be sent.

" 5th. If unknown to me the bidders are requested to send a New York
reference if possible.

" 6th. If the stamps are not as catalogued, the buyer has the privilege of
returning them.

"Any information in regard to the sale will be cheerfully given. The
stamps can be seen at my office, 75, Maiden Lane, on Wednesdays and
Saturdays, between twelve and one o'clock."

This plan has obviously much to recommend it, the principal draw-
back being that collectors may be deterred from bidding from the fear
that no lots will be purchasable except at full value. This howrever
need not necessarily be so, as the local market value of stamps fluctuates
largely, and if sellers are content to give a reasonable reserve price sales
should be readily effected. We are not as yet aware of the measure of

VARIA. 189

success attained at the first sale, but in view of the simplicity of the
method we should think it not improbable that a sale in this country on
similar lines might meet with considerable success. To do this it would
be necessary that the " selling agents" should be of such a philatelic and
social standing as to command universal confidence in the catalogue and
its relative descriptions of the stamps, so that buyers from a distance
might have implicit confidence in sending bids for stamps that they had
not personally inspected. In our opinion the most serious drawback to
the many recent auction sales in England has been as a general rule the
utter unreliability of the descriptions — we will undertake so say that no
collector has dared to bid for an imperforate specimen by its description
where the same stamp existed also perforate — and if not, why not? If
this and other business-like conditions were attended to, it seems
probable that a "private auction" on the lines of Mr. Rogers's plan
wo aid benefit both collectors and dealers.

The following extract from an article in the Morning Post comments
on the acquisition of the " Tapling Collection," and as a fair specimen
of the altered views on Philately now held by the Press, is worth the
perusal of our readers :

" Subject to the approval of the trustees, the British Museum will speedily
obtain possession of an interesting and unique addition to their store of
treasures and curiosities. The late Mr. T. K. Tapling, m.p., has by his 'will
bequeathed to the nation his accumulations of many years, illustrative of
what he modestly yet discreetly terms, 'the science or hobby of stamp-
collecting,' subject merely to the provisos that they are to be open to the
inspection of those interested in such matters, and to be kept permanently
apart in a special room, or portion of a room, in the Museum, and dis-
tinguished by the title of the Tapling Collection. These conditions are
neither onerous nor unusual, and it may therefore be assumed that the
trustees will find no difficulty in complying with them, in which case we may
expect soon to see Mr. Tapling's bequest placed in position in the galleries.
The Museum authorities have been for some time past engaged in making a
collection for themselves, based partly upon purchase, and partly upon the
proceeds of their foreign correspondence ; but the scheme has up to the
present made but little progress, the stamps have not been classified or
arranged, and the collection does not possess much importance, either from
its size or from its inclusion of many very rare or valuable specimens.
Mr. Tapling's legacy will, therefore, form the first opportunity for anything
like national recognition of an art which its votaries, following the lead of a
French amateur, M. Herpin, have apparently agreed to call by the barbarous
and inaccurate title of philately. There can be little doubt that the exhi-
bition of the Tapling Collection, which is understood to be one of the most
complete and valuable in the kingdom, will excite a considerable amount of
interest— perhaps even of enthusiasm. Stamp-collecting as a pursuit cannot,
in this country at least, claim to date any further back than the year 1862,
but it has since then unquestionably established a strong hold upon the fancy
of the public. A society has been founded to advance its interests, it has
its organs in the Press, its exchanges and its marts, and its followers are
taken from all classes of society, from princes of the blood and dillettanti
down to clerks and schoolboys. Its fascination may therefore be taken for
granted ; but it is also said to possess some elements of utility and even of
instruction, and, within certain limits, the claim cannot be altogether
disallowed. A collection of stamps forms a kind of historical and
geographical record. Its ever-growing variety — and the fact that it has no
finality is regarded as one of its principal recommendations — is based upon
the eternity of political change, and alterations of dynasty or dominion are
in no way more promptly or graphically indicated than by the postal issues.
In this respect, philately is superior to numismatics, for the coinage, as in
the case of our English gold in Portugal, is not always an accurate reflex of

190 REVIEWS.

the political status of a country, while its postage stamps almost invariably
are. Thus the Heligoland stamps of 1890 and of 1891 are pregnant "with
suggestion and information, and a similar interest, of course, attaches to the
stamps of absorbed Principalities like Parma, new Colonies like Fiji, or
countries in a state of political transition, as from the Empire to the
Republic in Brazil. Stamps too have often a considerable degree of artistic
value, and indeed it is on many grounds desirable that the nation should
possess an adequate collection, for which Mr. Tapling's generous bequest will
furnish something more than a nucleus. Postage stamps are not matters of
first-rate interest or importance ; but they have a certain va'ne of their own,
and the completeness and utility of the British Museum will be enhanced by
the introduction of a new element, whose study, in the language of its chief
apostle, requires ' some knowledge at least of geography, history, portraiture,
engraving, paper manufacture, heraldry, and currency.' :!

^i^13 s;

The Illustrirt.s Brief marhen Journal has been celebrating its tercentenary
issue by a sort of j ubilee double number, containing in some forty pages
a series of interesting articles by well-known writers. Prominent
among these may be cited a contribution by that veteran collector
M. Berger-Levrault, who discusses pleasantly enough his reminiscences.
A most interesting and valuable article is contributed by Herr K.
Lindenberg, the curator of the Berlin Imperial Postage Stamp Museum,
on the envelopes of the first issue of Oldenburg, from which it seems
clear that the large size of the first issue are entitled, seeing how few
were ever issued, to rank as extreme rarities (which is perhaps more
than can be said of the adhesives). Herr H. Kirchhofer has some
notes on the Swiss Rayons and Poste Locale stamps that will well
repay perusal ; while other papers are contributed by Drs. Kalehhoff
and Moschkau, Herren H. Schwaneberger, W. Sellschopp, and others.
The editor, Herr Theodor Haas, in addition to the prefatory article,
contributes another on the Connell stamp ; and both are worthy of
his high reputation as a philatelist. Very well executed portraits
of all the contributors are given, and the proprietors are to be
congratulated upon the length of their journal's existence, and the
number that celebrates it. May they flourish, and in increasing
their circulation beyond the large proportion it has now attained
use their power for the advancement of philately, and the discourage-
ment of anything that constitutes a danger to its welfare.

THE CHALMERS-HILL CONTROVERSY.*
"We have received from the indefatigable author a pamphlet, consisting
of some forty-two pages, on this well-worn theme. Mr. Chalmers again
expresses his dissatisfaction with the action taken by the members
of the London Philatelic Society in general, and Mr. Pearson Hill
in particular ; but as these gentlemen are well able to defend the
position they have taken up on this question for several years, we
do not feel inclined to take up the cudgels on their behalf, nor to weary
our readers with any further instalments of what will apparently be an
interminable controversy. We would simply add that, writing in no
extreme partisan spirit, we do not see that the startling announcements
on the title-page as to "Action of H^r Majesty's Treasury: The
Correspondence Called for and Refused," are in any way borne out
by the contents ; nor do we see that any of the strictures passed
by Mr. Chalmers on the President, Secretary, and other members of

* The Chalmers- Hill Controversy, by Patrick Chalmers. Effingham,
"Wilson j and Co., Royal Exchange, E.C.

REVIEWS. 191

the London Philatelic Society are in the slightest degree merited. As
a matter of courtesy we acknowledge the receipt of the work, and it is
open to our readers to procure it for themselves from its publishers
if they feel sufficiently interested.

We have, since writing the above, received a further leaflet, which is,
if possible, more misleading than the pamphlet. We have ourselves
no belief in the pretensions of Mr. Patrick Chalmers, nor admiration
for the methods in which he advocates and advertises the family name.
To those who are still able to take an interest in this skeleton that
Mr. Chalmers has so long tried to reinvest with life by clothing it with
innuendo and factless diatribes, we heartily commend the trenchant
remarks of the editor of our contemporary, the Monthly Journal. For
ourselves we have as much interest in the matter as we have faith.
Until therefore we are led to believe that the readers of the Record are of
a contrary opinion, we shall not weary them with many allusions to the
subject.

THE NEW PRICE CATALOGUE.* By M. Baebamn.

The first half of this work down to British Guiana (Guyane) has
reached us, the remaining portion being announced to appear in
October next. As stated by the author, its principal object is not
so much to supplement the many existing catalogues as to place on
record an average present value of all stamps, unused and used, issued
up to date. That this is an extremely difficult task will not be
gainsaid, and there are probably very divided opinions as to the
advisability of such a course. The effect of the appearance of publicly
announcing the price of all stamps must inevitably be of an upward
tendency, and, writing on behalf of collectors, which this journal has
always endeavoured to represent, it is perhaps to be regretted. On the
one hand, it may perhaps increase the value of their possessions,
but will surely enhance the difficulties of their future acquisitions.
We must, however, congratulate M. Barbarin on the work, which goes
far to merit the relatively high price at which it is issued. It is clearly
printed, with the headings to each issue in bold type, that readily strike
the eye, and is accompanied by illustrations of all types in three quarter
size, most conveniently placed beside the descriptions ; printed on
substantial paper, it extends to 164 pages quarto, and in general
arrangement and appearance is a credit alike to author and printer.

It is obvious that there must be some inaccuracies. We note South
Australia, 2d., vermilion, type I., perf. 11|, is quoted at 300 francs,
unused. We should like to see this stamp guileless of postmark !
even used it is so rare that the numbers of it known can be counted on
the fingers. The Is., yellow, rouletted, unused, is also cheap at 1 fr.
50 c. In Western Australia, of the 1864 issue, without watermark, the
acquisition of the 2d., blue, and 4d., rose, at 25 and 10 francs
respectively, would be most desirable ! The error 2d., lilac, of 1879, is
quoted as rarer unused, the contrary being the fact ; this also applies
to the two first stamps of Bergedorf, which are similarly treated. No
mention is made of the Bermuda Id., imperf ; and the Bremen prices
are not in accord with the market. The prices of some of the early
issues of Ceylon can also be hardly justified. Probably owing to a
clerical error, there is an obvious inconsistency in the Naples list,
referring to the blue "Arms" and Crown, unused; e.g. the former
falling from 500 fr. to 200, because it is " vif," and the latter rising
from 150 fr. to 200 for the self-same reason. In the pages devoted
to British Guiana the author almost despises hundreds of francs for
* Nouveau, Catalogue Complct de Timbres- Poste. J. Barbarin, Faris.

192 CORRESPONDENCE.

a stamp, and revels in thousands, the maximum of 5000 fr. being
attained for the 1 c., carmine, of 1856, in an unused condition, or
9000 frs. for it used and unused. As there is only one copy of this
stamp known, the opportunity of proving the accuracy of these figures
seem remote. The lists of such difficult countries as Griqualand, giving
the illustrations in the proper dimensions of the letter " g," New
Granada, Confederate Locals, and others, are very concisely and well
rendered. There are a good few palpable printer's errors, which should
be corrected, in order to make it reliable, and should be rectified
in the second portion. We can, however, subject to a general
disapproval of hypothetical pricing, give our cordial testimony to the
excellence and merit of this catalogue.

To the Editor of " The Philatelic Becord."

14, Redclifpe Street, Redclifee Square, S.W.

Dear Sir, — I possess the following hitherto unknown (questioned)
varieties of Australian stamps, and shall be obliged if you will mention
them in your next. They were in the collection of Mr. C. H. Nevill, but
have now passed into my possession : —

No. 1.— 2d. of South Australia, 1859-62. Printed clearly on both sides.

No. 2. — The 9d. of same issue, grey lilac, clearly rouletted twice on
three sides.

No. 3. — The 10d., July, 1866-67, rouletted with a curved roulette, as in
the 6d. orange Victoria.

No. 4. — The lOd. of 1868-89, rouletted and perforated, printed clearly on
both sides, with the exception of surcharge.

No. 5. — The variety, 9d. orange, without surcharge, perforated. I have
a copy which, until close examination, would pass as this stamp, but on
examination the impress of surcharge is there without ink. Might not this
be the case with all the supposed 9d. yellow or orange, if carefully examined 'I

No. 6.— New South Wales. The 2d. Sydney, Plate II., No. 1, defective
impression, reading crev. for crevit, and on the fine ribbed paper of 1st Id.,
Sydney. Vertically ribbed.

No. 7.— The 3d. Laureated N. S. W., no wmk., on the fine ribbed paper
of 1st Id., Sydney.

No. 8. — A copy of 5d. Large Square, imperf., blue instead of green.
1 chemical.

No. 9. — The Is. perforated 13 of March, 1860, a vertical pair, showing no
perforation between the stamps, but the pair perforated all round.

No. 10.— The Victoria 6d., Type 6 (Oceania), Perforated 12, which on the
face of it gauges exactly right and looks all right, and which was bought by
Mr. Nevill some years ago, after careful examination and discussion with
friends, from a number of other stamps with an unimpeachable history.
This stamp appears to be disbelieved in in Oceania, but I should have no
hesitation in accepting it as a perfectly genuine stamp, though unofficial.

No. 11. — Victoria, Type 7 (Oceania), No. 2, 4d., rouletted vertically and
imperf. horizontally with a large margin.

No. 12. — New Zealand. 2d. orange, 1872, imperf. vertically, perf. 12£
horizontally.

Thanking you in anticipation for inserting this communication.

Yours truly, W. B. Thornhill.

[We are indebted to our correspondent for his interesting list of dis-
coveries, several of which will form additions to the next addendum to
Oceanian stamps, and have duly noted them elsewhere in our novelty
list.— Ed.]

Theoior Buhl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

Sffat flltito^ |^0t[d.

Vol. XIII. SEPTEMBER, 1891. No. 153.

HE brace of letters that will be found on another page
having reference to these stamps are of a character to
invite the serious reflection of those amongst us who
wish for the prosperity of Philately. They have already
appeared in more than one journal in Australia, and if
we have refrained from reproducing or commenting
upon them, it has been from no lack of sympathy with the objective of
the Philatelic Society of South Australia, but rather from a desire
The Laureated not to injure any who have, in good faith,
"Remainders" acquired a pecuniary interest in these sheets. It
of New South wales. |g however patent that, owing to the comments
in our contemporaries on both sides of the ocean, and the advertise-
ments from competing firms, each offering the " Remainder " at
ever-decreasing prices, no harm can ensue to anyone by an out-
spoken expression of opinion as to the question on the part of this
journal.

It is well known that, relying upon the specific assurances with
which these sheets were launched — to a certain extent on their ap-
pearance, and on the improbability of the existence of any of the old
engraved plates, many collectors and dealers in this country, as
elsewhere, have been heavy losers by their purchases of them.
We are guilty of no exaggeration in stating that thousands of
pounds have changed hands over these stamps, while in some
instances individual collectors are minus hundreds of pounds
apiece by the transactions involved. The ancient cry of caveat
emptor may be raised, but it does not fully meet the case.

Unsupported by specific statements, which had the tacit consent
of silence on the part of some who must have known or guessed
the real truth, these stamps would hardly have secured their
market in Europe. Although their appearance to some extent was
not convincing, their first announcement, in a limited quantity,

194 THE LAUREATED "REMAINDERS" OF NEW SOUTH WALES.

seemed like a fairy dream to collectors who had toiled for many
years in the labyrinth of Australian philatelic varieties, without
having ever seen a pair of the 8d. yellow of Jarvis, either post-
marked or unobliterated. Scarce wonder then that in the race
to be "complete" in these difficult plates collectors whose judg-
ment is generally to be relied on were prepared to overlook slight
discrepancies, and, believing in the destruction of the plates, to
credit these sheets as being ipso facto old printed, and if not the
identical issue of the stamp, at least " an accessory after the fact."
Having regard to the numerous variations in the types, colours,
and papers of the earliest issues of New South Wales, and the
fact that these missing plates were the last link in the chain of the
colonial engraved stamps, it did not seem at all impossible that
a few sheets might have been struck from these plates prior to
defacement, either as a record or as an anticipated provision
commenced against the non-arrival of any supply, either of stamps,
paper, or inks of the new series. This is however, alas ! all
" spilt milk," and the question as to what should be done in the
future is of fuller import.

We would strenuously urge that the present aspect of the case
should be laid before the Agent-General of New South Wales, and
the co-operation of his Government invited, with a view to an
enquiry into the whole subject. The standard of honour of a
Government and that of a proud British Colony like this, is
necessarily a high one, nor can it afford to stand by when harm is
wrought by the acts or default of any of its servants. The
question is also one of some moment to them, as we are unaware
that these stamps have ever been demonetized; and if, as is
common belief, the plates are still being "worked," a vista of
boundless wealth is opened up to the enterprising "owner" of
them, until the Sydney General Post-office is enabled to have
their validity repealed.

However much the New South Wales Government may regret
this disappearance of their property, it must be aware of the fact
that it has probably arisen through the laxity of their officials at
some time, and that it is their bounden duty, in defence of their
own interest and honour, to take all possible steps to prevent
further mischief in the misuse of property, that should have been
rigidly guarded under seal and lock in their General Post-office.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 195

To otjr Correspondents. — We shall be glad to receive from collectors and
dealers notices of Novelties, etc., which can, if desired, be inserted with
the sender's name and the date of receipt. Communications as to these,
as also general philatelic and postal information and correspondence,
should be addressed to "The Editor of the Philatelic Record," care of
Messrs. Theodor Buhl and Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, Lmdon, E.C.

A.DHESIVES.
Afghanistan. — We are indebted to the Monthly Journal for
the following information. "The following varieties have not been
chronicled, as far as we know. They are of the current types, and
the 1 abassi is of the earlier variety, not that of 1889.

Adhesives. 1 abassi, blue-green on thm pale rose wove paper.
2 „ black on white laid batonne.
1 rupee, purple on pale green wove batonne.

"We have also been shown some rather nicely-executed forgeries
of the two higher values of the current issue, lithographed, the
2 abassi in bright red, and the 1 rupee in dull lilac, on ordinary
thinnish white wove paper."

Argentina. — We are informed by a correspondent that the new
series of stamps for this country may be looked for ere long ; the
South American Bank Note Company is to have the production
of them, so they will probably be creditable specimens of engraving,
and will, we trust, satisfy the postal requirements of the Argentine
folk for some years to come.

Austria. — We have, through the medium of our publishers,
another value of the new type of newspaper stamp as chronicled
on page 148 of the Record, printed as before on smooth white wove
paper, and imperforate.

Newspaper Stamp). 2 kr. , green.

Bamra. — The French colonies will have to look to their laurels
in the new issue line, and collectors of Indian locals will have to
order their Philatelic Albums en gros, if all the natives aspire
to the fecundity of bounteous Bamra. Says the Metropolitan
Philatelist : The first issue has been reset and issued in sheets of
20 varieties, which differ somewhat from the original setting. The
paper differs somewhat in shade from the original edition; the
scrolls all have the long ends to the left, and the tail of the middle
character in the third line points almost directly downwards instead
of being at an angle of 45°, as in the old issue.
| anna, black on yellow.

„ ffAMRA.
„ BAMvtf.
dark blue.

gAMRA.

153^

196 NOVELTIES. DISCOVERIES. AXD RESUSCITATIO'5.

2 annas, black on bright sreen.

2 ... " " gAMRA.

4 .. bright vellow.

4 .. , aAMRA.

B „ bright rose.

8 „ aAMRA.

Bolivar. — It appeals that the information given last month, on
the authority of our publishers, requires a slight modification, as
the colour of the 20 c. is bine, not red, and there is an additional
value to note. 10 centavos, red ; perf. 14.

20 „ blue „ (see page 170.
Brazil. — The American Journals announce the apparition of
the 50 reis of the constellation — or Southern Cr:s~ — series, in blue
instead of green. In view of the remarkably easy transition from
the one colour to the other, we shall feel happier when we have
the official notificatioiL 50 r, :rrent rype.

A farther value of the newspaper set has been issued : viz. :
100 reis. -violet ; perf. 14.

British North Borneo. — Our publishers send us another
interesting little surcharge; this time it is the 10 c, blue, which
has suffered this indignity of having its original value lowered,
the manner in which this is effected being by the overprint of a
large upright figure 6 measuring 10 mm. in height, immediately
over the word " csrans " in small Roman letters about 4 mm. high,
and extending to a length of about 22 mm.

6 c. black surcharge on 10 c. blue, current issue.

Congo French). — Our Belgian contemporary publishes in exti
a decree, signed by M. de Brazza, authorizing the issue of a fresh
surcharge, by the transformation of 2000 of the 15 centime stamps
into the lower denomination of 5 : . sc another blessing in dis-
guise is in store for collec:::?,

Chili. — The general disintegration that is the natural concom-
itant of the late internecine struggle in this erst prosperous
country La- resulted in a still wider latitude than that mentioned
in our last number as regards the stamps available for postal
purposes. It appears that in addition to the resuscitated u fi
postals,''' telegraph stamps have been widely used in various
provinces for franking le::^:;. fa t then use seems ::

have been mainly in those parts of the country occupied by the
now victorious Congressional forces, such as Tacna, Tarapaca,
Antofagasta, Atacama, etc. The illustrious Balmaceda (since
defunct), being in possession of the capital, no doubt was able to
cut off fresh supplies, and it is fortunate that the Congressional
who seem to have been all through comparatively amenable I :
reason and moderation, did not, a la Cariist Insurrection or Con-
fede: «, take to issuing fearfully and wonderfully made

locals that would render the hitherto simple issues of this country
on a level of Philatelic *{ difficulty '" with some of the other
countries who have indulged in these fratricidal warfares.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

197

Falkland Islands. — Two new values of the current type
have appeared, due to the recent postal tariff changes, namely,

^d. , green, wmk. C. A. and Crown, perf . 14.
2£d., blue, „ „

Honduras. — -We noted last month the premonitory symptom
of a newr attack — of a fresh issue — in the shape of a 5 c, and the
malady is now in a fine state of development ! Adhesives from
1 centavo to 10 pesos, wrappers, envelopes, post cards galore, in all
the varieties necessary for such a high state of civilisation as that
enjoyed by the Honduras Eepublic, are presented to our dazzled
vision by our publishers, and we can scent the early day when by
their supersession they will go the wray of all South American
stamps, and for a nominal sum be available to make "a pretty
page " in the album of the universal collector ! The engravers
have done their work well, the stamps being a great improvement
on any that have emanated from this land of mahogany, and
of a really handsome appearance, although the higher values
are too large for use. This, however, to paraphrase the well-
known Yankee razor, is of small consequence, as they are made
to sell, and not to stick ! We refrain from a full description,
as we hope to give an illustration shortly — suffice it to say
that the central design consists of the profile of the illustrious
General Bogran, who sternly gazes on us from the left in the lower
values, and in the higher ones, with proper impartiality turns upon
us the other cheek. The floreate ornamentation that encircles the
portrait and entwines around the inscriptions, and the arms of the
country, on either side, are gracefully wrought, and might serve as
a model to inspire even Messrs. De la Eue and Co. to produce
something different from their well-known " common-place type."
The stamps are printed in colour, the three high values having the
centre in black, on white wove paper, and are perforated. We
illustrate the three types :

Type 1. Head to right.

1 centavo, bine.

2 centavos, bistre.

10 „ vermilion.
20 „ red-brown.

25 „ violet-brown.

198 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Type 1. Head to right. 30 centavos, grey.

40 „ green.

50 „ deep bistre.

75 „ bright violet.

1 peso, brown.

Type 2. Head to left. 2 pesos, brown and black.

5 „ violet „

10 „ green „

The 5 c. green was chronicled last month.

Italy. — Two of our esteemed contemporaries have lately each
quoted the other as having "novel tied" — to use a new verb of
indigenous production — a fresh surcharge — hut as each authority-
seems to have some qualms of misgiving as to the reliability
of the specimens, we await further developments before adding
them to our chronicle, and merely mention the stamps ; i.e.,
20 c. on the 10 c, red (1 current issue) ; and 20 c. on 20 c. of
the 1879 series, in the hope that some correspondent may enlighten
us pro or con.

Jamaica. — We hear that the halfpenny value has "been issued
lately with the word " Official " in thick block capitals, similar to
that printed on the Id. and 2d. values — presumably of London
origin, and free, without doubt, from the little oversights (?) that
caused so many pleasing variations in the last surcharge on this value.
Jd., green, black surcharge, official in thick block capitals;
"Wmk. CA and Crown; peri 14.

Jeypore. — The Monthly Journal, whose editor is always au
courant with the natives, in its last issue says it has received
specimens of Indian stamps bearing a new variety of the surcharge
employed in this State ; it is now " ' raj ' — service," all in small
block capitals, printed in blue-green.

J a., green ; green surcharge.

1 a., brown „ „

2 a., blue „ „
4 a., olive „ „

Labuan. — On page 100 of this year's Record we noted, on the
faith of the /. B. J., a surcharge of "one cent" on the 2 c, rose.
Our publishers now write us that the Postmaster of this Colony
informs them, under date June 27th, that no such stamp has been,
or is likely to be issued.

Madagascar. — We hear from our publishers of a 25 c, blue
surcharge, on 40 c, vermilion ; presumably similar in type to those
chronicled on page 127 of the Record. The Timbre-Poste also
notes " two more of these cursed surcharges " that first saw light
in July, with the big clumsy figures already alluded to. There
were only 3000 of each of these printed, as against 9500 each of
those we chronicled in June ; probably of the next two there will
be only 1500, and so on ad infinitum.

5 c, black surcharge, in large figure, on 10 c, black on lilac ; perf. 13£.
5 c. ,, ,, 25 c. ,, rose ,,

25 c, blue (?) ,, 40 c, vermilion-straw „

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 199

Our publishers also write that they have received specimens of
a new set of stamps, postes-francaises in two lines above,
followed by two thin lines, a large figure 5 (10 or 25) in the
centre, followed again by two lines, and Madagascar below, the
whole being enclosed in an inner border of ornamental circles, with
a thick outer border. The stamps are roughly pin perforated, on
thick unwatermarked paper, size lj1^ x 1-~| inches.

Type with numeral and fancy border.
5 c, black on pale green ; perf.
10 c. „ blue „

25 c, brown on buff „

Martinique. — The monotonous will surely be the suffix of this
prodigious little island, as we note that the name has appeared five
consecutive months in our paper. This time it is the current
colonial type that has been overprinted with large numerals about
10 J mm. in height, the word Martinique beneath in upright block
capitals, and above the absolutely superfluous inscription Timbre-
Poste in small Roman capitals.

01 c. , black surcharge on % c. , brown and bistre (colonial type. )

Negri S em bil an. — This euphonious appellation is the name of
one of the minor Sultanates that enjoy the privileges of British
suzerainty in the Malaccan peninsula, and which, doubtless jealous
of the glories that attach to the postal administration of Sungei
Ujong, etc., now seeks to be en evidence like its sister states.

The first issue of a special stamp for the Sembilan-Negrites (we
hope this is correct) consists of the adoption of a Straits Settlements
adhesive with a surcharge, with the name of the state in two
horizontal lines in lower case.

2 c, rose (of Straits Settlements issue), wmk. C A and Crown ; perf. 14,
surcharged in black with name of Sultanate.

New South Wales.— We hear from Mr. Firth that the 3d.
value (presumably the current green stamp) has been printed on
paper watermarked 10, and that 150 sheets containing each 120
specimens, or 18,000 in all, have been so struck off. We hardly see
the raison d'etre of this innovation, unless it arises from a strict
regard to economy in using up a small remainder of the water-
marked paper, which we presume is the same that figured for the
old tenpenny stamp, and was loaned to the neighbouring colony of
Tasmania, being used by it for the Id. and lOd. values of the
current type. 3d., green (?) watermark 10 ; perf. (?)

New Zealand. — The 2Jd. value is now coming over on a kind
of dirty yellow paper, that, added to a waning distinctness in the
impression, leaves nothing to be desired on the score of hideousness
as regards this unfortunate production.

Philippines. — The new colours seem to be gradually coming out.
On pages 153 and 175 of the Record we have already chronicled
the 25 c, blue, and the 10c, brown-rose. To these we now have,
on the information of our publishers, the following addition.
5 c. , de peso, olive-brown. \ 20 c, de peso, salmon.

'I-'.1 J NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESU5CITAT: _ I IE

Reunion. — Our publishers send us a specimen of the current
colonial type with the name of the island surcharged obliquely in
small Roman capitals, adding that they have some doubts about it.
The surcharge, however, to our mind, has nothing more in its appear-
ance to condemn it than any other French colonial surcharge (Quite
enough, our readers may exclaim!). Since writing the foregoing
we hear of other varieties, but in the hope that we may include
all the new fish in our net, we will run the risk of asking our
brother collectors to calm their eager desires until our next issue,
as to the full set.

Russia. — Local Stamps. — We owe the following information to
our Belgian contemporary :

Kologriff (Kostroma). — This post has ceased to exist The stock
of stamps and all the books appertaining to this post have been
burnt Thus the means for preserving the archives are simplified.

Kungour (P — A new issue of stamps gives us the arm3
on a shield : above. *; Koungourskaja "; the second line, " Zemskaia
Postcht" (Rural Post); in the " Medallion " Marka (stamp); and
at the side the value, "Odna" (one), "Drie" (two), "Piat" (five),
"Descit" (ten) kopecks. Printed in colour on white paper : perf. 11^.

1 kop., yellow. | 2 kop., green. | 5 kop., blue. | 10 kop.. carmine.

Oustionja (Novgorod). — There is a new issue (?) of postage
stamps resembling the well-known type, except the frame, which is
quite different. The types of the inscriptions vary also. Printed
in V.?.:k :z. : :1: Mi-ri p:r: : r:-ilf::f i.

3 kop., black on orange.

Rj iff Tver . — Among the stamps of the last issue there were a .
few sheets in an imperforate condition.

St. Christopher. — Owing to an apparent dearth of penny
stamps resource has been had, in this island, to the twopence
halfpenny value, which has been converted into the lower
denomination by the surcharge of the words one penny.
Id., black surcharge in words on 2|<L bine ; wmk C.A. and Crown ; pert 14.

Sarawak. — We gather from the Monthly Journal that the
recent surcharge of 5 c. on 12 c. green and blue has been, through
a printers error, productive of two varieties, one in which the
surcharge was omitted, that, of course, to be distinguishable from
the normal stamp, must be taken se-tenant, and the other with the
proud distinction of an additional surcharge — inverted.

: . on 12 c , green and bine ; „ double surcharge (one being inverted).
5 c „ „ „ surcharge omitted (on one stamp in

sheet).

Spain. — Our publishers have forwarded for inspection a speci-
men of the 15 c of the current type, which instead of bearing the
normal hue is of a warm or orange-brown colour, somewhat
approximating to that of the 10 c. They state that they received

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 201

the specimen in question from a correspondent at Gibraltar, who
had seen three of them, all of which emanated from a place called
Grazalema — the exact locale of which our faulty geographical
knowledge fails to indicate. The specimen in question bears the
date of April 21st of this year, and the senders incline to the
belief that the isolated appearance of these few specimens indicates
that they are errors of colour. The 10 c. is however, although
brown, of a duller and colder shade, and we should have been
inclined to think that it simply denoted a change of colour similar
to that taking place in Philippines. But it is curious that no
corroborative evidence of this has appeared, and as we do not well
see, from a careful examination of the stamp, that it could have
been chemically changed, we note it, in the hope of further infor-
mation thereon from some correspondent.

15 c, orange-brown ; current type.
Switzerland. — The penalties of celebrity, or even notoriety,
frequently follow rapidly on the summit of one's fortune, and
stamps do not seem exempt from the fate that overtakes their
collectors. The charming and interesting early issues of the Swiss
Cantonals are among those that have engaged the attention of true
Philatelists from the earliest days of the pursuit ; but on account
of the difficulty of distinguishing between them and their numerous
soi-disant prototypes, they were not so readily sought after by the
general run of collectors, and as they were "caviare to the
multitude," did not, when undoubtedly genuine, command the
market value that was theirs, both by interest and relative scarcity
with other stamps. The close attention, however, paid to them
by leading Philatelists in their own charming little country and
elsewhere, with the wide spread of autotype plates affording a
guide to all comers as to the means of distinguishing the real
Simon Pures, speedily created a genuine demand for the old
Cantonals, with a rapid upward development of prices. An
extremely cleverly-executed manoeuvre, on the part of a number of
gentlemen interested in the financial well-being of these stamps,
which is known as " making a corner," has met with the success
that is due to this fin de siecle innovation in mercantile morality,
and the remainder of the early Swiss stamps being in a few hands,
are doled out to the unfortunate collector at prices that are simply
astounding. The demand has exceeded the supply, and, with a
nature-like abhorrence of a vacuum, some kind persons have stepped
in and endeavoured to fill an aching void — in a manner that,
according to our contemporary the Timbre Poste, is little calculated
to afford satisfaction to the Philatelist. It appears that M. Moens
has received from a correspondent a block of four of the Poste
Locale stamps (2 J rappen) of the 1850 issue, with the cross
unframed (in an unused condition), for which the modest sum of
2,000 francs was demanded. According to our Belgian con-
temporary, on whose great Philatelic judgment we place every
reliance, these stamps are not the old issue ; although they
153**

202 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

correspond in type, he holds that their white gum, instead of being
yellow "crackly," and the bluish-white paper, instead of cream-
coloured, indicate a reprint. We do not quite follow him in his
remarks as to the traces of the cross that he has discovered on the
group in question; but in a further paragraph he alludes to the
fact that another correspondent had offered him no less than sixty
of these stamps, Orts post and Poste Locale, with and without the
frame. If, as we always understood, the frame or lines round the
cross were officially added to the plate in 1851, we can see the
"rift in the lute," and fail to comprehend how even a reprint could
produce the unlined cross issue. M. Moens hints at photogravure
or some similar process. We regret that we have not as yet had
an opportunity to inspect these stamps, but in advising the utmost
caution in their acceptance, we are tendering safe advice to collec-
tors. We should add that a certificate of authenticity as to their
genuineness has been produced, signed by three experts, coupled
with the assurance that a reprint was impossible, owing to the
destruction of the plates ! This sort of information is always
reliable, as the holders of the New South Wales Laureate
" Kemainders" know; for ourselves we shall believe in the destruc-
tion of a plate when we can see it so defaced with our own eyes,
but not before.

South Australia. — We hear from a correspondent that a
third value has now received the new-shaped official letters in
the fancy capitals, but our publishers seem to doubt the fact of
its having made its appearance. We will, however, give it the
benefit of the doubt — at the most it will probably be a short
n e- a mg. ^ green . ^iack surcharge in thin fancy capitals O.S.

We read in the Federal Philatelist that its editor has also seen
a copy of the 2d. (1859), printed both sides, as noted in last
month's Record, per Mr. W. B. Thornhill, and in addition a
specimen of the 9d., "mauve." This is the perforated shade,
but we presume the first issue is intended.

9d., "mauve," rouletted (?) ; printed on both sides.

Surinam. — Messrs. Whitfield, King, and Co. have sent us
another value of the new unpaid series, similar to that mentioned
on page 132 of the Record, with the information that the complete
set in this type is speedily to be anticipated.

Unpaid Letter Stamp. 10 c, grey, lilac, and black ; perf. 12£.

Tasmania. — In amplification of the note on page 154 of the
Record, we give the following account of a series of temporary
and local printings of the Tasmanian Stamp, for which we are
indebted to the able pen of Mr. E. F. Basset Hull, in the columns of
his interesting journal. It will be seen that the various printings,
perforations, and watermarks, form a somewhat involved mixture
that is of interest to close collectors, but may cause some trouble
to those amongst our ranks who "take Australians."

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 203

" On the 15th April last, an expected supply of De la Eue's Id.
adhesives not having come to hand, recourse was once more had to
the old plate of 1890. From this plate 500 sheets, or 60,000
stamps, were printed at the Mercury office in a similar shade of
vermilion to the provisional of 1889. The paper is that with
wmk. tas., Type II., and the stamps can only be distinguished
from the 1889 printing by the position of the wmk., which reads
from the right lower to the left upper corner, when viewed from
the back of the stamp. The perforation is 11 J.

"This supply was soon exhausted, and another 60,000 were
printed at the Government printing offices, the colour produced
being a bright rose, closely resembling that of the English printed
stamps. A book of the old paper with Type I. of the tas. wmk.
was used, the letters showing distinctly through the design of the
stamp, and giving it a very ugly appearance. The perforation
is 111

" The English supply still failing to arrive, more stamps were
struck off at the Government printing office in the same shade,
but on Type II. of the tas. paper. Perforation 11 J.

"The 12 perforating machine, which has been out of repair for
some time, has been renovated, and the last described stamp now
shows that perforation.

" At present there is another book of the old paper being printed
on, and by the time these notes are in type, will be issued with
the 12 perforation.

"The same old paper has been used for the J-d., 240,000 of
which were printed at the Mercury office in a brownish-yellow
shade, and perforation 11 J. The 12 machine has also operated on
the stamps of this value, printed on tas. (Type I. and II.) paper."

|d., brownish-yellow; wmk. Tas. ; 1st type ; perf. 11|
^d., orange
£d., „
Id., rose

4' » .,-
Id., vermilion

Id., rose

Id., „

The 2^d. provisional on the 9d. has had the surcharge reset, the
"d" being slightly more distant from the "2^-" than in the first
setting up of the type, and the height of the whole increased by
about 1 mm., making it nearly 15 mm.

2id., black surcharge on Id., blue ; variety 15 mm. in height.

United States. — We have not yet noted the change of shade
in the Postage Due series which have donned a richer colour —
claret — in lieu of their previous sombre livery of brown.

1st „

2nd „

1st „

2nd „

11*

2nd „

11*

2nd „

1 cent, claret.

2 cents

3 „
5 ,

Postage Due Stamps.

10 cents, claret.
30 „
50 „

204 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES. AND RESUSCITATI C HB.

The P. J. A. also recently noted the discovery of the 5 and

30 c. of the 1868 series, with the grid covering the entire stamp.
The 3 cents has heen known for years in this condition, and it i-
not a little strange that two other values should now torn np.
However, our contemporary is likely to be well informed as to
these new stamps, and we therefore note

5 c, brown, 1868 issue, with grid covering entire stamp.

SO :.. ::i _r „ do. do.

Zullllarid. — In confirmation of our previous note, we give in
full the Proclamation of the Governor legalising the use of the
2satal Revenue for Postal purposes in Zululand; a perusal of
which will make it clear, in response to our query on page 155,
that this is not a case of a fiscal used postally, but a postage
stamp really issued ad hoc.

Id., mauve (Xatal fiscal type), black surcharge, Zululand.
WmL Crown and C A : pert, li

Zn.-LA>~S 5:.IV.ti^i.~_

PROCLAMATION,

Bu HI? E :: " ■: \: 5:3 Chjlrles Bullex Hugh Mitchell, Knight
Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and

St. G-:: ■ -i. <'-y:i ■■;;■: \r [ : ". - -'_"' .- ■".//:/-"://": ;

:/ X::: . Yi:i-Adr\ :j :'> ; C'r.iij ; . : ■ :\~

Native Populo .::■:/ Z.

WHEREAS Section 3 of the Natal Law No. 2, 1869, empowers the
Governor, by Proclamation, to direct, appoint, define, and describe the
colour, inscription or other distinguishing mark of stamps to be used as
postage stamps :

Am wHBBKAfi by Proclamation No. II., 1SS7, of date the 21st day of
June, 1887, the Laws then in force in the Colony of Natal were, as far as
applicable, declared to be the Laws to be in force and to be observed within
the territory of Zululand :

Avd whereas the N atal Law No. 2, 1869, entitled Law to confine the use
of postage stamps to the purposes of postage, is in force in Zululand :

Am whereas certain One Penny Natal Revenue Stamps, overprinted
"Zululand," have been issued and are now used in Zululand for postal
purposes: and it is desirable that the said stamps shall be so defined and
used as postage stamps :

Now, therefore, under and by virtue of the powers in me vested. I do
hereby proclaim and make known that the mauve stamps with the words
"Natal Revenue'' inscribed at the head thereof, and the words " ne
Penny " inscribed at the foot thereof, and with the word " Zululand.''" in
letters of black, printed across the face of the said stamps, shall be deemed,
and the same are hereby declared, to be "postage stamps" within the
meaning of the aforesaid "Law 2s o. 2, 1869.

: Save the Queew!

Given under my hand and the Seal of the Territory, at Pietermaritzburg,
this 27th day of June, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Ninety-one,

C. B. H. MITCHELL.

Governor of Zululand.
By command of His Excellency the Governor of Zululand.

W. WINDHAM,

.:...■- :";: ^ \. \.\ i

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 205

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.

Argentine. — A fresh set of envelopes is also announced for
this State, to appear with the new adhesives, but as we gather from
several sources, several of the values now current will not be re-
issued, and probably two denominations only will be forthcoming ;
viz., the 5 and 8 c.

Bahamas. — Two provisional varieties have appeared here, owing
doubtless to the changes in the recent postal tariff. They consist
in the conversion of the current fourpenny envelope by the addi-
tion of "2Jd." printed in red over the value at the base of the oval,
and the like in black. Some of our contemporaries also note that
they have heard of a third variety with the surcharge repeated,
and the value barred, but we prefer to await further confirmation
before definitely chronicling this.

2^d., black surcharge on 4d., purple.
2id., red

Colombia. — We have received from Messrs. Whitfield, King,
and Co. a specimen of the so-called Eailway Postal Envelope. An
impression of the 5 centavos in black, as illustrated on page 156
of the Record, occupies the centre of the envelope at the top,
flanked on either side and below by arabesque ornaments, with the
inscription Servicio Postal Ferro in fancy capitals in curvelinear
form beneath the stamp. The paper is wove, and of a warm pink
colour, the dimensions being 148 by 80 mm.

Railway Postal Service 5 c, black on pink.

Deccan. — We illustrate the J anna card recently described.

THE ADDRESS ONLT TO BB WHITTEW ON THES &DB
Kt 7T£9 Q3 »ire Vtffa &YTQ fsffsf wfjii.

Dominican Republic. — The Timbr 'e-Poste, with much groaning
and travailing of spirit, adds a further list of the pleasing varia-
tions of the envelopes recently "issued," but following our previously
announced intention of ignoring such rubbish, we shall, it is to
be hoped, content our readers with the information that up to
the present date there are only 69 varieties on 164 envelopes!

Greece. — Our publishers state that the prospective newspaper
wrappers are to be of yellowish paper not exceeding 50 cm. in
length, or 10 cm. in width, that there will be five values, 1, 2, 5,
10, and 40 lepta, and that the colours will correspond to the
adhesives of the same values, the design being the same as that of
the envelopes.

The new Greek Philatelic Journal Hermes, to which we wish
every success, thus alludes to an impending issue :

"The size of the envelopes will not exceed 15 cm. in length, or
10 cm. in height. They will be divided into two classes of 10

206

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

and 20 lepta, and will bear the following stamp on the right side ;
they will be elliptical in form, the diameter measuring 15 mm. and
8 mm., and will bear in the centre the head of Mercury with a
helmet ; above the legend eaahnikon trammatoehmon ; below, the
word veiipta, and in the centre of the two sides the numerals of
value. The 10 lepta will be orange, and the 20 lepta carmine."

Honduras. — The new stationery for this Republic — the quite
necessary (1) concomitant of the brilliant array of adhesives else-
where described, is as under. The dies are well executed, and the
impressions, with the physiognomy of the illustrissimo General,
sharp and well denned. Our illustrations will render further
description unnecessary.

5 c, green on white wove paper, 158 x 90 mm.
10 c. „

20 c, blue „ 230 x100 mm.

25 c.j brown „ „

Wrappers.

1 c. , brown on blue paper, 208 x 267.

2 c. , blue „ „
5 c, green „ „

10 c, red „

Leeward Islands. — We hear from our publishers that a new
Registration Envelope has appeared, but beyond stating that it
resembles that now current in this country, they can give us no
other information, p^v™/™™ Envelope. 2d., blue.

Mauritius. — We gather from a correspondent that some
modification has taken place in the Registration Envelopes in use
in the Mauritius. Some collector will perhaps supplement this
rather scant intelligence.

New South Wales. — Dr. F. Kalckhoff writes us as follows :
"Enclosed I send you a specimen of the New South Wales
Official Envelope, which struck me by the different type of the
letters O.S. As you will see, these are white, but shaded at the
bottom. I cannot believe that this peculiarity is only due to
defective printing, as the shadows are too regularly drawn ; so I am
prone to take it for an earlier type, which was abandoned as not
being clear enough."

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 207

We have carefully compared the specimen sent with other
copies, and are inclined to believe in the correctness of our corres-
pondent's assumption, that this is a second and probably an earlier
variety of the official envelope, with the letters O.S. inserted in
the die. In the specimen sent, the white ovals caused by the
insertion of plugs are more irregularly formed than usual, and the
letters O.S. are apparently white, shaded in the conventional
manner below the curves — whereas ordinarily the letters consist of
solid colour. The voided ovals in the usual stamp are equidistant
from the outer line of the central vignette; whereas in this case
the left-hand one is slightly farther away. There is also to be
noted a rim of " whiteness " in the space over the circle, extending
up to the two added letters, that is not ordinarily visible ; but this
and the generally delicate and faint appearance may be but a
matter of ink and impression. The difference, however, in the
lettering, and especially the relative distances apart of the letter
plugs, lead us to the conclusion that this specimen, dated December,
1889, is a sub-variety.
Official Envelope with O.S. inserted in design ; size (?). O.S. in shaded lettering.

Tasmania. — There will probably be some alterations in the
new supply of Registration Envelopes that have been ordered from
this country.

United States. — Some more varieties among the recently
obsolete issues have been unearthed by the Philatelic Journal of
America as under, the variety on the last two consisting of a
fresh " knife " with a high cut, and very interesting too !

Watermark of 1886. 4 c, carmine on white ; sure. 7
„ 4 c. „ amber „ 7

1890. 4 c. „ manilla „ 8

( I

( 1

4 c. „ amber „ 8

) 2 c, green on white „ 9
) 2 c. „ amber „ 9

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Argentine. — The Monthly Journal says that Messrs. Cameron
and Co. have sent them a seventh variety of the Official Letter
Cards, of the same size and colour as the others, but instead of a
stamp with "servicio" in the right upper corner, and in the left
lower, the words " Direccion General — de Correos y Telegrafos," in
two lines of heavy type.

Official Letter Card. No value, black on blue; P.O. Dept.

Honduras. — The accompanying illustrations will show the
handsome nature of the engraving on these cards.

2 centavos, orange on white.
Bephj. 2x2 „ „ „

3 „ carmine on pale green.
o x «j ,, ,, ,,

208

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Nabha. — Our publishers inform us of a fresh, variety, in the
addition of the word service.

Official Card. £ anna, brown on buff, current type, with service.

Orange Free State. — We hold from our publishers a
specimen of the provisional card on grey, with the Id. adhesive
stamp in a horizontal position on the upper centre of the card
overprinted, having a black overprint of the arms of the
country, the border formed by the curious use of small capital
W.'s, alternately inverted, and an 0. in each corner; and the
inscriptions — above, Brief Kaart, in large Roman upper- case
letters, with Aan and Je in script letters, heading the first and last
of four dotted lines for the address.

Id., black on grey (with Id. stamp overprinted).

We are also informed from the same source that the halfpenny
card exists, treated in a similar fashion, but having a halfpenny
stamp beneath the surcharge and without the border.

Jd., black on white (with ?&. stamp overprinted).

Patiala. — From the same source we are informed of a fresh
setting-up of the surcharge on the current Indian card available
for use in this State, the spelling of the word Puttiala having been
modified as under.

\ anna, brown on buff; surcharge altered to patiala.

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 209

Sweden. — New Letter Cards have been issued similar in design
to those lately superseded, with the stamp of the numeral type on
the right hand and the arms of the country on the left, separated
by the word Kortbref in fancy capitals. Around the three per-
forated sides, however, we find inscriptions— on the upper portion,
Itudeladt Kortbref postbefordras icke sasom brefkort ; and on either
side, reading reverse ways, Oppnas medelst Kanntens afrifrande.

Letter Cards. 5 ore, green on blue.
10 „ carmine „

Tasmania. — We hear from a correspondent that recourse has
been had, owing probably to non-arrival in time of Messrs. De la
Eue's handiwork, to local printing for the Id. card. As was the
case in the last Tasmanian edition the printing is coarser and
generally inferior, and the material of the card much less surfaced
than those sent out from this country.

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA,

By M. P. CASTLE.
(Continued from page 185.)

In the list of compound perforations on page 185 in the last number

of the Record, there is an omission to rectify, namely, that of the 2d.

Type II., with watermark S.A. and Crown, and perforation gauging

10 x 11|, which, I regret to say, I unaccountably overlooked, and have

to thank a brother collector for pointing out the omission.

Erratum. {Vide p. 185.)

E. Perforations Compound.

Add 2d., Type II. Watermark S.A. and Crown.

Before proceeding with the lists I have to acknowledge with pleasure
the early fruition of the hopes I expressed in the concluding lines of
the last portion of this paper, of future assistance at the hands of other
collectors. Since the appearance of the last instalment of this article I
have been favoured with communications from several sources, with
the result that many blanks in the list will be filled up, and my thanks
are especially due to Lieutenant Napier, R.N. , and Mr. Gilbert Lockyer,
for the information they have given, while the loan of the stocks of
"lettered" South Australians, by Messrs. Theodor Buhl and Co., and
Messrs. Stanley Gibbons and Co., has been of material service. Mr.
Lockyer has been good enough to send me a specimen of the 4d. slate,
perf. 10, with the letters O.S., bearing the date of obliteration —
February 19th, 1874 ; this will, therefore, antedate the issue of what I
may term the general surcharge by nearly a year, and the time assigned
by me on page 160 of the Record, as probably that of their birth —
January 1st, 1875 — must be set back certainly ten and a half months,
and probably a year, i.e., the commencement of 1874. This may again
be modified, but for the present and until further dated specimens are
examined, may therefore be assumed to be correct. This new fact
clearly shows that the use of some of the separate departmentals and

210

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

the O.S. was concurrent, as already stated, specimens having been
examined by me postmarked as late as June, July, and August, 1874 ;
while the P. S. (Principal Secretary) continued exceptionally in use at
least two years later. It seems very likely that further researches into
collections of used specimens may elicit the fact that the action taken
by the several departments on the postmaster's recommendation (see
p. 159) was gradually adopted, and the concurrent use would be thus
accounted for.

Lieut. Napier says : " In any department where more than one issue
of any given value has been used the surcharges are always in different
colours, red preceding blue, and blue, black," and alludes to the pro-
bability of some departments being supplied with surcharged stamps at
a much earlier date than others. This is doubtless quite correct, as also
the converse, as I have already shown that their use was continued later
in some instances. These facts, as well as the varying requirements
of the several governmental offices, will account for the great variation
in the number of stamps used by the respective departments.

[We are enabled (en ■parenthese at no inconsiderable expense to our
publishers) to give autotype illustrations of the several varieties of
these departmental letters in Mr. Castle's paper. It is to be regretted
that owing to the colour of the stamps in some cases the lettering is not
clear. This, we hope, can be remedied in a supplemental page, so that
our readers may have a fair indication of what these surcharges should
be like. — Ed.]

A.— ARCHITECT.

{a) ROULETTED.

Black. Blue.

2s. carmine. (?)

Surcharge in

Bed.
Id., bluish-green.*
2d., orange- vermilion.
6d., blue.
Is., brown.

(b) ROULETTED AND PERF. \\\.

(?) I (?) I (?)

4d., slate. | (?) | (?)

(d) Perforated 10.

(?) j 2d., orange. Type II. I (?)

(S.A. and Crown.) |

(e) Compound Perforations.
(?) | 6d.,blue, lljxl3. | (?)

Note. — There is a sub-variety in (a) which consists of the omission of any
period after the letter on the Id., 4d., and Is. values. I am not aware if
these values exist with the stop or the remaining two without it. I have a
specimen in my own collection (Illustration 2) with a much smaller surcharge,
measuring about 3 mm. wide by 4 high, which has every appearance of being
genuine, and of which a similar impression is found under "P.O." It is on
the 2d. orange-red, Type II., watermark S.A. and Crown, perf. 10. It will
be seen that what is probably the first issue or normal set, the Id., 2d., 6d.,
Is., and 2s. rouletted, with the 4d. greyish slate perf. (the use of the
rouletted 4d. having been apparently slight ; as is well known, it is not very
common, even an unsurcharged condition). Mr. Napier writes apropos
of this : ' ' The first issued were in red, and in most instances a set of five were
supplied, the stamps being Id., 2d. (I.), 6d., and Is. rouletted, and the per-

* Unless otherwise stated, the watermarks are always star, and the 2d.,
unless otherwise described, Type I. throughout all the lists.

X5U-

6.D.

tX*&a&m

7~*

CD.

BM.

Z2.

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

211

forated 4d. This perforated 4d. is the one of the earliest perforated set, and
the date of perforation ought to give (approximately) the date at which these
surcharges were first made. This earliest perforation is not \\\ invariably.
It is generally so (11 J), but was irregular, often gauging 12 x 12^. It must
not, however, be confounded with the later issued 4d. of the more modern
compound set 11 J x 12£. As it is of a different shade and the perforation of
a different character, it is not difficult to distinguish it. "

Lieut. Napier is, I think, quite correct in this remark, and the 4d. in the
early or greyish-slate colour, whether with the simple perf. (c) or (e), in
gauges not less than 13, may be considered as the complement of the normal
set of roulettes with red surcharge. Some of the simple and the compound
perforation may have even been present on the same sheet, and printed on
the same occasion.

Surcharge in
Red.
Id., green.

2d., orange vermillion
6d. , lilac blue.
Is., brown.

A. G.— ATTORNEY-GENERAL

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.
2d., orange. Type II.
(Wink. S.A. and' Crown)

Blue.
2d. , orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown).

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED 11 J.

(?) | 6d.,blue. |

, (d) Perforated 10.
(?) 2d., orange. Type II.

( Wmk. S.A. and Crown).
4d., slate.
Is. , brown.

(e) Compound Perforated.

(?) I (?) I

(?)
(?)
(?)

(?)

Note. — The 6d. rouletted with blue surcharge I have not included
(existing in my collection), as the surcharge may be possibly questioned.

A. 0.— AUDIT OFFICE.

Surcharge in

(a) Rouletted.

Bed.

Black.

Blue.

(?)

2d., orange. Type II.

2d.

, orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown).

2d.

6d.
Is.,

, orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown)
, lilac blue.

brown (?).

(b) Rouletted and Perfora'

DED.

(?)

1 (?)

(?)

4d., slate.

1 4d., slate-grey.
1 Is., brown.

(d) Perforated 10.

(?)

Id., green.

2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown).
4d., slate.

(?)

212

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

(?)

(<?) Compound Perforations.

I (?) I

(?)

Note. — Mr. Napier has the 2d. and Is. rouletted with blue surcharge, but
he is not confident as to their genuineness. No red surcharge amongst the
rouletted varieties has been found as yet.

B. D.

-BARRACK DEPARTS

ENT.

Surcharge in
Bed.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac blue.
Is., brown.

(a) Rouletted.
Black.

(?)

Blue.
(?)

(b), (c), (d), and (e) unknown.

Note. — Whether this surcharge signifies Barrack Department or not it is
evident that it was but little used. The above three rouletted stamps being
the only ones as yet discovered, leads to the presumption of their early
discontinuance. The latest dated specimen I have seen is postmarked
July 19th, 1869.

B. G.— BOTANICAL GARDENS.

Surcharge in {a) Rouletted.

Bed.

Is. , brown.

Black.
2d., red. Type II.

(S. A. and Crown).
6d., lilac-blue.

Blue.

(?)

Is., brown.
(b) Rouletted and Perforated 11|.

Id., dark green. (?)

Is., brown.

{c) Perforated 11J.

Id., dark green.
6d., dark blue.

(d) Perforated 10.

2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

(e) Compound Perforations
| 6d., blue, 11| x 13. |

(?)

Note. — There is apparently some little variation in the shape of the
lettering— the lower right hand portion of the G being thicker on some
stamps. We regret that the illustration (7) does not show this more clearly.

Blue.
(?)

B. M. -BOARD OF MAGISTRATES.

Surcharge in (a) Rouletted.

Red. Black.

2d., orange. 2d., orange.

(S.A. and Crown).

(b), (c), {d), and (e) unknown.

Note. — The first-mentioned specimen is, I believe, in the " National Collec-
tion " — the late Mr. T. K. Tapling's ; and, as I have just heard, Lieut. Napier
possesses the second. Board of Magistrates would seem to imply, especially as
would probably be the case if it were Boards, a larger use than this solitary
value indicates.

THE LAUREATED "REMAINDERS" OF NEW SOUTH WALES. 213
THE

LAUREATED "REMAINDERS" OF NEW SOUTH WALES.

The following correspondence has appeared in the Australian Philatelic
Press, and we reproduce it as being of an interesting nature, and one
that may probably be the instigation of further developments. The
subject is referred to elsewhere in the present number.

" German Club Buildings, Pirie Street, Adelaide,

" 2nd February, 1891.
" The Postmaster-General, Sydney, New South Wales.

" Sir, — On behalf of the Philatelic Society of South Australia, I beg
respectfully to ask if there were any unused Remainders of New South
Wales Postage Stamps of the issue 1851-54 sold by your Department within
the last year or two ? The reason of my enquiry will be apparent to you
after perusal of Stanley Gibbons & Co.'s (Limited) advertisement, enclosed
herewith, taken from Stanley Gibbons & Co.'s (Limited) Monthly Journal
for October, 1890.

" The general belief of the members of my Society is, that these stamps
are not genuine Government Remainders, but have been manufactured by
some person to dupe stamp collectors. However, this is only surmise, and I
should esteem it an honour if you would give me any information in the
matter.

" Trusting to have the honour of your reply, I have the honour to be, Sir,
" Your obedient servant, 0. W. Rosenham,

" Secretary Philatelic Society of South Australia."

The advertisement enclosed states that the firm mentioned had
secured the entire stock, and offered them at

£2 for the plate of 50 varieties of 2d.

£4 „ „ 25 „ 6d.

£7 „ „ 50 „ 8d.

or £11 10s. for the three plates together.

"General Post Office, Sydney,

"February 12th, 1891.

"Sir, — In reply to your enquiry of the 2nd inst. as to whether there are
any unused Remainders of New South Wales Postage Stamps of 1851-54, I
have the honour to inform you that the matter was referred to the Inspector
of Stamps, Government Printing-office, who reports that ' there have been
no Government Remainders of these stamps since I have been Inspector of
Stamps, and as far as I can ascertain for many years previously. Without
seeing the stamps I cannot give an opinion of their genuineness.'
" I have the honour to be, Sir,

" Your most obedient servant,
"(Signed) S. H. Lambton, Secretary."

57arta.

The announcement of the premature decease of H.M. Postmaster-
General has elicited a widespread expression of regret that this
eminently painstaking and conscientious statesman should have been
so taken away. Mr. Raikes was born in 1838, and, taking the average
of the proverbially long-lived cabinet ministers, should have antici-
pated many years further service in developing the postal resources and
revenues — for the good of the greatest number. He entered Parliament
in 1865, was appointed Chairman of Ways and Means and Deputy-
Speaker in 1874, which offices he held until 1880, and in 1886 was
appointed by Lord Salisbury to the responsible duties that he so

214 VARIA.

arduously performed up to the date of his demise. His very devotion
to the work of the Post-office produced a general nervous exhaustion,
under which he succumbed ; and he died literally in harness, a victim
to his conscientious devotion to his duties, and a conspicuous example
of industry to his compeers and successors. The members of the
Philatelic world in the Metropolis have good reason to remember the
kindly and genial presence of the late Postmaster-General, as he has
honoured them with his company on more than one occasion ; and in
addition to their recognition of his public-spirited execution of his
duties, they were grateful to him for his kind words and courteous acts
in all matters relating to Philately.

" It fell to the lot of Mr. Raikes to be at the head of the Post-office
when the Jubilee of the Penny Postage came to pass. The event was well
adapted to call attention to the enormous and varied growth of the Post-
office Department, and, perhaps, also served to quicken the desire for
further innovations. Of the excellence of the work that was being done
there was ample proof, and the elastic nature of the means at command was
also apparent. The completion of fifty years of the penny postage was
celebrated with much eclat, and the name of Rowland Hill was duly
honoured. Yery appropriately the event was marked in the centre of
commercial life by a conversazione, given by the Corporation of the City of
London in the Guildhall, under the presidency of the Prince of Wales, when
over two thousand guests attended, and Mr. Raikes provided an exhibition
of the various mechanical processes connected with his department. The
leading operations connected with the transmission of letters was shown, as
well as the working of the telegraph system. Later in the year a conver-
sazione of a similar character took place at the South Kensington Museum,
under the patronage of the Queen, the Duke of Edinburgh being the
President, and Mr. Raikes with several ex-Postmasters-General among the
Vice -Presidents. Congratulatory addresses in the form of telegrams
showered in from all parts of the empire, and from the L'nited States. Yet
another celebration took place a day later, Mr. Raikes being entertained at
a public breakfast at Exeter Hall by a large number of postmasters,
assembled from various parts of the United Kingdom."

In addition to the more public celebration of the Postal Jubilee,
which the Standard alludes to in the preceding excerpt, it will be
remembered that Mr. Raikes was present at the opening ceremony and
the luncheon of the exhibition of the London Philatelic Society last
year, when H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh honoured the undertaking
by his presence.

* * *

Universal Penny Postage, or, rather, Imperial Penny Postage,
seems not only in the air, but likely to have a footing on a firmer
element. It is no secret that the late Postmaster-General had a strong
leaning to this concession, while another ex-official who has held the
same post, the Right Hon. G. Shaw-Lefevre, M.P., has replied as
follows to a correspondent on the subject of postal reforms : —

" My best answer to your first question is that I am strongly in favour of
an international as well as, or in preference to, Imperial or inter-colonial
penny postage. If penny postage be established between England and
Canada, or England and Australia, it will be impossible to maintain the
present rates between England and the United States, or between England
and other countries in Europe."

That indefatigable pioneer of cheap postage — Mr. Henniker Heaton
— who has lately gone for a trip to Australia, must have departed with
a a seite-hued vision of the day when one modest penny stamp will
caiy a letter between any two points of the British Empire. We hope
the stamp will be as "universal" as the rate, so that a Philatelist who

REVIEWS. 215

" takes " England and Colonies hereafter may — on a par with Poland —
have all his treasures within the four corners of a solitary page. Qui
vivra verra ! * * *

The Australian Stamp Journals have lately afforded us the informa-
tion that a member of the London Philatelic Society, who has
distinguished himself on both sides of the great water by his writings —
Mr. A. F. Bassett-Hull, of Hobart, Tasmania, has recently added a
fresh laurel to his crown of success, having been called to the Bar. If
Mr. Hull devotes the same thoroughness and perspicuity to the law that
he has to matters philatelic, he will have the success that his friends all
wish him. It appears that Mr. Hull has devoted some portion of his
wedding trip this summer to visiting the various philatelic centres in
Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, and other places. At a dinner given in
his honour at the latter place, he justly inveighed against the Victorian
Government for reproducing any reprints that do not bear the dis-
tinguishing " mark of the beast/' The earlier issues will, of course, be
readily discernible by the watermarks, but in several cases of stamps
that have attained a considerable monetary value, they will have the
normal watermark, and may result in a dangerous likeness to some of
the obsolete values. The reason given for this proceeding is, that other
Governments wishing sets of stamps in exchange for their own require
them unused, and that therefore one half only of the reprints should
bear the word across them ; but it is to be hoped that the remonstrances
addressed to the Melbourne authorities by the Australian Philatelic
Societies may prevent any such reproduction, as they would inevitably
leak out, to the detriment of collectors.

l5^^^

THE JUBILEE POSTAL CELEBRATION REPORT *

We have to acknowledge, through the courtesy of the gentleman who
must evidently be mainly regarded as the compiler and author of the
work — Mr. F. E. Baines, c.b. — the receipt of a handsome work giving a
historical account of the various celebrations, official or otherwise, that
were held in just commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the great
Postal Eeform of prepaid penny rates through the medium of the
adhesive stamp. Although, with due modesty, the authorship of the
work is not stated, we feel we may safely surmise that this labour has
been undertaken by the Post-office Committee and its Chairman,
Mr. Baines ; and we have much pleasure in testifying our cordial
approbation of the result of their arduous undertaking. In general
appearance the book is excellent — very clearly printed on a superior
surfaced paper, copiously illustrated, and handsomely bound. Some
idea of the labour involved in the compilation may be gathered from
the facts that the volume extends to some 330 pages, quarto, and that it
is adorned by about thirty full page illustrations. These latter are
exceedingly well executed, mostly by the new sand-blast process, and
embrace portraits of the last eight Postmasters- General, including the
Eight Hon. Gentleman — the late Mr. Raikes — who has so recently been
taken away ; this sad event, by a strange and melancholy coincidence,
happening on the very day of the publication of this wTork. A full-
length photograph of Sir Rowland Hill deservedly holds the place of
honour as a frontispiece, and seems to be an excellent likeness of the
great Postal Reformer. Portraits in medallion are also given of Mr.
Baines and his official collaborateurs, while the other illustrations include

* Account of the Celebration of the Jubilee of Uniform Inland Penny Postage. London :
printed for the Jubilee Celebration Committee, General Post Office, ]Si)l.

216 REVIEWS.

such various subjects as the "Postmen's Uniforms during the past fifty
years," a " Travelling Post-office," a " Parcel Coach," and other interest-
ing phases of the past and present life of the G. P. 0. The plates most
immediately appealing to philatelists include — given in "life-size" —
very exact representations of the Mulready Envelope, the Guildhall
Jubilee Post Card, the South Kensington Jubilee Envelope and Card,
and the Date Stamps used at both places. Our friends abroad who have
doubted the " official-ness " of their Jubilee issues may, after a perusal
of this book, assuredly dismiss all misgivings on this point ! An
introductory chapter gives a short scheme of the events occurring in the
year, in connection with the Jubilee — the several banquets, con-
versaziones, and exhibitions — which will be fresh in the memory of
many of our readers who were present in the flesh, and scarce need,
therefore, any further expatiation at our hands — the laying of the
foundation stone of the New General Post-office (North), and other
interesting meetings. A brief but succinct history of the Post-office
during the past half-century will well repay perusal ; as also the
chapter devoted to reminiscences. The account of the Guildhall
celebration is necessarily an ample one, including the full catalogue of
the exhibits, the various official regulations and reports. The Jubilee
Post Cards, to the number of 5000, were sold out within an hour on the
night of the Guildhall fete (£220 profit being realised) ; and in addition,
no less than 20,000 ordinary cards — one on an average to each visitor
were disposed of —duly postmarked with the special obliteration. At
the South Kensington Conversazione, 23,000 of the Jubilee Envelopes
were posted in the museum, in addition to 5700 ordinary letters and
6700 cards. This, however, could not nearly represent the total sale,
especially of the commemorative envelope, as thousands must have
been bought by visitors, collectors, and dealers, to be kept in an unused
state. It is amusing to read that over £5 was realised towards the
Benevolent Fund by the fact that many people posted the card
bearing Sir R. Hill's portrait (given inside each of the Jubilee
Envelopes), in the fond illusion that the benevolent features of the
Postal Reformer meant an exemption from postage ; but the 600
good folk who paid the 2d. each as unstamped, while realising the
rashness of the assumption, must have been consoled to think that
they were — involuntarily perhaps — helping a good cause. Apropos
of this, the portion of the book devoted to the results of the efforts
made by the Committee, under Mr. Baines' leadership, in aid of
the Rowland Hill Benevolent Fund, affords a striking testimony of the
splendid success of these gentlemen's labours on behalf of the super-
annuated employe's of the Post-office. From the able speech made by
Mr. Baines, at the Mansion House meeting of the supporters of the
fund, on November 11th, 1890, we gather that no less a sum than £7000
clear profit was made on the sale of the Rowland Hill Memorial
Envelope ; and this, with the results of the Guildhall meeting, public
and Post-office subscriptions (including a £50 donation from the London
Philatelic Society), actually doubled the capital of the fund — the
increment being no less than £17,000. The limits of a review in a
Philatelic journal do not permit of an exhaustive relation of the many
points of interest in this book, but we can cordially recommend it to
every collector as one that would be a most fitting addition to a
Philatelic library, and can readily testify that it is an interesting record
of a year's good work in a noble cause that will always redound to the
honour and credit of the gentlemen who carried out the Jubilee
Celebration of the British Postal Service.

Theodor Buhl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

SHw[ fMIat^ltJt ^ta\[L

Vol. XIII. OCTOBER, 1891. No. 154.

HE vigorous and healthy existence of the Philatelic

Society of London is once more emphasized by the

appearance of the elaborate book that is reviewed in

this number of the Record. However noteworthy and

important the previously-issued productions of the

Society have been, we are doubtless correct in stating

that in the magnitude of the work undertaken, the importance of

The London Philatelic the subject, and the successful outcome of

Society's work on their labours, the Stamps of the West Indies

the west Indian stamps, transcends all its predecessors.

The subject-matter of a work on the Stamps of the West
Indies is one that is bound to exercise a fascination for true
disciples of our creed, as the stamps include not only many
complex and interesting varieties, but sheets of varying types
to be collated, and rarities of the very highest rank. The very
scarcest stamps of the mainland colony — British Guiana — are and
must remain "a dream" to the vast majority of collectors; but
even to those who recognise the impossibility of attaining to that
Philatelic Parnassus — a complete set of the early issues of Guiana —
it must afford a genuine pleasure to see, by the kindly aid of photo-
lithography, the absolute fac simile reproduction of the stamps that
exist only in the greatest collections. The official information as
to the issue of that long undiscovered stamp, the circular 2 c. rose
of 1851 is of a most interesting nature ; while the announcement of
the undoubted existence of the oblong 1 c. magenta of the 1856
issue will come as a surprise to thousands of collectors who have, of
course, not been fortunate enough to inspect this famous stamp, of
the possession of which Herr von Ferrary need well be proud.
The Trinidad stamps also are old friends, on account both of their

218 THE WEST INDIAN STAMPS.

scarcity and the interesting problems involved in their correct
classification, and by the aid of the " West Indies " the collector's
troubles will be materially "straitened out," as our American
friends have it. Nevis, Bahamas, Barbadoes, with the remaining
islands, have each a strong interest sui generis, and we are sure
that no genuine Philatelist can put the book down without feeling
its fascination.

. It is obvious that, however willing and able to assist the general
body of the members may have been, the brunt of the work must
fall upon the shoulders of a select few. The gradual building up
of the lists of values, shades, papers, watermarks, and perforations
is at once a labour and a pleasure participated in by all the
members who are accustomed to attend the meetings of the
Society, while the stamps are the especial subject of study. But
the revision, the addition of many of the notes, and the final
grouping together of the several component parts, devolves upon
the Committee of Publication. The recital of names such as Mr.
E. D. Bacon, Major E. B. Evans, and Mr. Douglas Garth, who
are the remaining members of this Committee, is at once an index
of the importance attached to its work by the Philatelic Society,
and a guarantee of its efficient performance. The unlooked-for
decease of the late Vice-President of the Society increased the
difficulties of revision, and vastly increased the labours of the
other members. The great share of this work, as also of its
success, must be ascribed to Mr. E. D. Bacon, primus inter pares,
whose industry in the Philatelic field is only surpassed by his store
of knowledge. During the past two years he has worked in-
cessantly at this book ; and the eminently interesting and lucid
notes that head the lists of each country are an evidence of the
thought and care he has bestowed upon it. The amount of work
involved in the examination of gazettes and official files is one
that must be undertaken to be appreciated.

The appearance from time to time of these works redounds to
the credit of the Philatelic Society of London. It tends to elevate
and "scientise" the pursuit, and clearly establishes that body to
take very high rank among the kindred societies of the world.
That it may continue in this course, until the whole of the British
Colonies are represented by these splendid and elaborate works,
must be the wish of every true adherent of the craft.

THE AMERICAN PHILATELIC ASSOCIATION CONVENTION. 219

We have ere this contrived to attain to a drowsy perusal of a
The American Blue Book, and have even acquired a languid
Philatelic Association interest in a Bradshaw or a dictionary, when
convention. jiar(j pUShed f or mental pabulum ; but we must

frankly confess to having been utterly crushed in our conscientious
attempt to wade through the Eeport of the recent Convention of
the American Philatelic Association. We are not intimately
acquainted with the principles on which the Association is founded,
but conclude it invites the membership of all the Philatelic elite
of the States, in order to meet and discuss the wisest steps to be
taken, or the courses to be pursued, in raising the general tone and
aims of Philately, and thus generally benefiting the greatest
number.

The American Philatelist has no less than fifty-four pages con-
taining a verbatim transcript of the proceedings ; and we must
candidly state our opinion that nineteen-twentieths of the matter
therein contained is not, from a scientific point of view, worth the
cost of the paper it is printed on. With the exception of the
President's address, which is a powerful exhibition of literary
composition, calculated to cast even the Daily Telegraph's leaders
into shade, and skilfully veiling the paltry quarrels of the members
under a highly-wrought allegory, there is absolutely nothing worth
the recording. Mutual recriminations and bickerings, the rivalries
of dealers, discussions on the commercial and other advantages of
certain stamp mounts, contending heart-burnings as to the locale of
the next meeting, and business details such as properly belong to a
working committee, form the substance of the Beport. We fail
to see how the progress of Philately, or the estimation of the
United States collector, can be advanced by the Convention. But
even granting this, we think the publication in extenso of all that
took place is as unnecessary as undesirable. The splendid catalogues
that are being brought out in the leading American magazines are
witness that good work can be done on the other side of the
Atlantic ; and we hope that in the future we may see some further
evidence of the Philatelic knowledge of our American kinsfolk,
other than the filling of many of their Philatelic journals, either
on the one hand with such dreary reading as this Convention
affords, or on the other with articles contributed to every other
journal but their own.

154a

220

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

^au^Ilm, J)}$t0utrb$r nnfr l^sttsttfaifons.

To OUB Correspondents. — We shall be glad to receive from collectors and
dealers notices of Novelties, etc., which can, if desired, be inserted with
the sender's name and the date of receipt. Communications as to these,
as vise metal philatelic and postal :' and correspondence,

should be addressed to "The Editoe of the Philatelic Record," care of
Messes. Theodoe Buhl axd Co., 11, Queen Victoria >: . . 1: .Jon, E.C.

A.DHESIVES.
Antigna. — Lieut. Xapier, R.N., writes that he has another
variety of the perforation in the unwaterruarked 6d. of this
island; viz., gauging truly 11J all round. In the recently-issued
Philatelic Society's work it is catalogued as existing perf. 15 —
the first issued in 1862 — and also at a later period 14 x 11 J. Our
correspondent adds that he has carefully examined his specimen,
and is confident that it is innocent of any watermark.
6d., green. 1S73 issue ; no watermark : perf. 11 J.

Antioquia — Our publishers have a pair of the 5 c. black on
yellow, of the 1889 issue, without any vertical perforation between
them, and inform us that the 10 c also exists thus.

5 c, black on yellow [1889) : without vertical perf ore side.

10 c. „ blue „

Bolivar. — "We illustrate the stamps mentioned

in pages 170 and 196.

British Central Africa— Our publishers

announce that the whole of the British South

African Company's stamps have been surcharged

" B.C. A." ; i.e. British Central Africa, measuring

oh mm. in height, and of a width in all of

,, nearly 12J mm., with period after each letter.

They are destined for circulation in the countries

situate to the north of the Zambesi, now under the administration

of Consul-General Johnstone, of Nyassaland.

Surcharged " B.C. A." in black

2s. 6d., lilac.

5s., yellow.
10s., green.

£1, blue.

£2, rose.

£5, olive-green.
£10, brown.

British East Africa. — An additional value has been issued
here to provide for the reduced postal rate under the new scale of
tariff. It is, says the Monthly Journal^ similar in type to the rest
of the series. 2U., black on yellow.

Id., black.

2d., green and yellow.

4d., brown and black.

6d., pale blue.

8d. , rose and black.

Is., brown.

2s.. scarlet.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 221

British Honduras. — Our publishers send us specimens of the
surcharged stamps recently described in our columns, with the
figures upside down. We should have been surprised if these
had not been found, but the postmarked stamps submitted to us
have every appearance of authenticity.

6 c, red surcharge on 10 c, black on violet ; surcharge inverted.

6 c, black ,, „ „ ,,

Chamba. — We chronicled on page 24 of this year's Record &
variety of the J anna, green, having the first a of " State "
in smaller capital type than the remaining letters. The Editor
of the Monthly Journal has now heard of the same variety on
four other values, to wit :

1 a. , black surcharge on brown ; error STaTE.

2 a. ,, ,, blue ,,

3 a. ,, „ orange „

4 a. ,, ,, olive ,,

Colombia. — Our publishers are receiving the current 5 centavos
on a deep blue paper.

5 centavos, current issue, on deep blue paper.

The A. J. P. has seen a somewhat curious variety of the second
issue of New Granada, and we cannot do better than reproduce
their description.

"Mr. H. Clotz has shown us a stamp of the Colombian
Republic totally unknown to us, and which we do not believe
has ever been mentioned before. It is a 5 c, slate, of the 1860
issue, but of the type of the 20 c. of the same issue; and the
figures representing the denomination of value above and below
the pearled circle containing the coat of arms are ' 50 ' instead of
'5,' the '0' being more indistinct below the arms than above;
the inscription ' 5 cent ' in the lower part of the frame is very
indistinct. After a very careful examination of this stamp we
have come to the following conclusion : In making up the plate of
the 5 centavo stamp, through some oversight the die of the
20 centavo was used for the transfer of one of the stamps. This
mistake being discovered only after the plate was completed, it
was remedied by erasing the figures ' 20,' and replacing them by
the figure '5'; this was done in a very bungling way, as the
erasure is plainly discernible. That the stamp is of the type
of the 20 c. is clearly proven by the fact that the circle around
the coat of arms is composed of forty-four pearls, instead of forty-
eight, as on the 5 c. ; and the ships on both sides of the isthmus
are merely two plain ovals, without the slightest indication of
masts, &c."

The Yice-President of the London Philatelic Society had an
interesting pair of stamps of this issue, before he parted with
his general collection some four or five years since, that may
throw some light on this question, the specimens in question being
now in the hands of a well-known philatelist, and doubtless
available for inspection. It was an unsevered pair of stamps of

222 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

the 1859 issue — the one being the 5 c., and the other the 20 c,
in the bluish-violet shade on which the 5 c. is frequently found.
It was for a long time a mystery to him, we know, nor has another
similar instance been heard of, as far as we are aware. This bears
out the conclusion of the Editor of the A. J. P., that the die
of the 20 c. was used for the transfer of one of the 5 c. ; but
instead of "the mistake being only discovered after the plate was
completed," we can add, "and printed from." The fact of these
isolated specimens would tend to show that very few sheets were
printed before the error was discovered ; but as the colours of the
5 and 20 c. occasionally so nearly approach each other, it is quite
possible that some or even many sheets may have been cut up
without thus leaving any trace of the mistake. It is, however,
remarkable that if the plate was afterwards extensively used this
half-erased alteration should not have been noted before. It seems
hence probable that the postal authorities, finding that the erasure
was not of a satisfactory nature, after a short trial inserted a fresh
type from the 5 c. die, and thus cleared away all traces of the
error. If this should be the explanation, it will obviously at once
enhance the interest and the scarcity of both Mr. Castle's and
Mr. Clotz's specimens, and they ought to find a fitting resting-
place side by side in the same collection.

Our publishers write that they have the 5 centavos of 1868
printed in black on yellow, instead of yellow on white. We hope
it is all right, but have not so much faith as we had formerly in
things Colombian !

5 centavos, 1S68, black on yellow (? error).

Curacao. — Our publishers have sent to us the 30 cents, grey-
lilac, surcharged " 25 cent " in two lines, the top one consisting of
thick block numerals measuring about 5^ mm. in height, and the
lower of the word " cent " in block capitals 4 mm. high, and
extending to a width of 13 mm.

25 cent, black surcharge on 30 c, grey-lilac (current issue).

Fiji. — The late provisional 2Jd. black surcharged stamp has had
but an ephemeral existence, as it is already supplanted by a per-
manent tyPe- Messrs. Whitfield, King, and Co. have received
specimens of it, which shew that it resembles the other current
values, except in the white label at the base, which touches the
bottom of the central circle, and is itself semicircular at the top,
with the inscription postage in block capitals in the centre, flanked
on either side by 2Jd. in numerals. In other respects the stamp
is as the other values, and the alteration is not an improvement in
its appearance. We hear of a 4d. in a pale violet of the same
type. 2hd., chocolate-brown ; perf. 10.

Falkland Islands. — The provisional Jd., made by severing
the Id. diagonally, and overprinting it in black, as noted on page
98, has been received by our publishers with the surcharge repeated.
2<L, black surcharge on Id. current issue ; double surcharge.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 223

French Colonies. — The French public journals have recently-
contained numerous allusions to the forthcoming new issue of
Colonial Stamps, from which we gather that the design will some-
what resemble that now in vogue, and having figures representing
Commerce and Navigation upon a vessel, whose mast bears the
inscription, "Republique Francaise," "Colonies," and the face
value in the centre. Below these symbolical figures will be a
blank rectangular label for the reception of the name of the colony.
The question of expense has prevented the adoption of a separate
type for each colony, which course would otherwise have been
preferred. It is also stated that the large anticipated demand for
the new issues on the part of collectors has been duly allowed for
in the official estimates as reducing the cost of the innovation.
This is not startling to those amongst us who have seen issues in
many countries made for collectors and not for postal facilities !
A larger camel, however, to swallow is the statement that from
£100,000 to £120,000 worth of a new issue has been necessary
within the year to satisfy the legitimate demands of dealers and
collectors ! In support of this the case of the Tunisian Stamps
is cited, where the anticipated year's provision of postal labels was
absorbed within a month by the greedy philatelic tribe. Severe
strictures are passed upon many of the French Colonial Post-
masters, who have not hesitated to multiply the surcharges in
order to increase their private income, this illegitimate source of
increment in one case amounting to not less than £1,600 in one
year. JSossi-be and Martinique must be in an affluent state, and it
is to be hoped that the shrewd postmasters of many a French
colonial possession will be enabled by their worthy labours to retire
on a comfortable income before the advent of the Etienne regime
rudely dams their Pactolian stream. , Better late than never, so
we heartily commend the example of the French Assistant-
Secretary of State to our own Government. The postal eccen-
tricities of the stamps of Ceylon are a disgrace to that colony, and
reflect great discredit on this country.

We hear from our Belgian contemporary that there will be
fourteen different sets for the undermentioned :

New Caledonia and dependencies.

Obock.

Oceania (The Establishments of)

Reunion.

St. Pierre and Miquelon, and
Senegal and dependencies.

Congo Frangais.

Diego Suarez and dependencies.

Guadaloupe „

Guiana (French).

" India" (The Establishments of).

Indo-China.

Martinique.

There will, therefore, be a good time coming for M.M. les
amateurs de surcharges; although our sweetly euphonious
Nossi-be has no chance of further distinguishing itself, the running
will perhaps be taken up by the Obockee Postmaster-General !

Holland. — We shall soon have a Philatelic Kindergarten, as
another juvenile monarch has now set her imprimatur on the
postage stamps of the " Low Countries," and has in appearance, as

224 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

the little Spaniard King would gallantly allow, quite eclipsed his
baby features. The stamp in question resembles the one it super-
sedes, except as to the portrait. The little lady has certes a,
pleasing countenance, with a profusion of hair, and a necklet by
way of clothing, that lightens up very materially the somewhat
prosaic appearance of our Dutch friends' postal issues, for which
we have always had a great respect, as being like the inhabitants of
the Netherlands — straightforward, simple, and business-like.
5 c, blue (New issue, with head of Queen) ; perf. 13.

Hungary. — There has been an alteration in the current 5 kr.
stamp, which has been modified somewhat on the ancient lines.
The background has now vertical rose-coloured lines, with the
numeral of value in black.

5 kreuzer (new type), with lined background, rose and black ; perf. ll£.

Jhind. — Messrs. Cheveley, Wilson, and Co. have shewn us a
curious set of stamps having the horizontal surcharge in two lines,
"jeind" instead of being spelt in the normal manner — (if there is
anything normal in a native Indian State ; e.g., we should not
think there was any normal postal circulation in Bamra to demand
the recent numerous changes ; but perhaps the postmaster's salary
is abnormal, and he has to make it up vicariously !) This sur-
charge is apparently, however, quite genuine, and we presume
must be classed as an error. Judging by the price attained by
them at auction, subsequent to our visit, purchasers must have
fully corroborated our opinion as to their authenticity. The
surcharge is in black and red block capitals, in two lines, on the
following varieties of the British Indian stamps :

Error. Black Surcharge, STATP 1 anna, brown.

„ „ „ 8 annas, lilac.

Bed „ „ J anna, green.

„ „ „ 2 annas, blue.

„ „ „ 1 rupee, slate.

„ „ „ with "Service," \ anna, green.

„ „ „ 2 annas, blue.

Black „ „ „ „ 1 anna, brown.

„ „ „ „ eevice 1 „ „

Labuan. — We hear from various sources of a fresh overprinted
value on this little island — which should be content with its past
achievements in this line — and proceed to chronicle it with a little
trepidation, as we have not yet seen a specimen.
6 c, black surcharge on 8 c, violet.

Levant (Austrian). — The current 1 piastre has been seen,
says the Timbre-Poste, with the following varieties — emulative of
other Colonials !

1 piastre, (a.) Error. With the figures omitted.

(b.) Do. With "piaste." [the right.

(c.) Do. With " 1 piaster 1 " below, and " 10 " above to

(d.) Do. Without surcharge, but with the slanting

numerals "10" reversed on the back of

the upper portion of the stamp.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 225

J330QQ3R98S[£3 Madagascar. — It appears that we did not
POSTES g exhaust the varieties of the latest native type
franchises q production, there being another three values, of
which our publishers send us the highest —
5 francs, with the numeral "5" and "FR" in
black in the centre, and a faint pinkish orna-
mentation all over the whole of the stamp, and
j| MADAGASCAR j| 0f which we give an illustration. In addition to
OQQfiS&S&ci the 5, 10, and 25 c. chronicled on page 199 of
the Record, there are the following varieties, of which the colour
of two only are known to us.

15 c. Type with numeral and fancy border ; blue on blue ; perf.

1 franc do.

5 francs do. blue on blue and pink ; perf.

Mauritius. — We have our old friend the 38 cents again, having
its face value ignominiously knocked down to 2 c. The surcharge
consists of upright Roman capitals, about 18 mm. in length by 2
in height, extending along the base of the stamp, and without
any horizontal line, as in the previous overprint on this stamp.

2 c, black sicrcharge, on 38 c, violet.

Mexico. — Chiapas. — It will be remembered that in the March
number of the Record we gave an account of an interesting " find "
of these stamps by Mr. G. T. Koster. We are now informed by
the same gentleman that he has unearthed two more minor but
noteworthy varieties of these scarcely-known stamps. One of the
two varieties that we noted was the 1 real on green. He has now
found a \ real on pale blue paper, and the 4 reales — previously
known — has now to be added, cut in half and provisionally serving
as a 2 reales. We have not seen these specimens, but Mr. G. T.
Koster's knowledge of the Mexican varieties may no doubt be
relied on. Medio real, black on pale blue.

2 reales, black on white, being half of 4 reales.

New Zealand. — Somewhat late in the day we
give an illustration of the Insurance Stamps described
on page 31. ¥pKs*

Nossi-Be. — "Here we are again!" to use the
time-honoured pantomimic introduction. Life, in a
philatelic sense, would be insupportable without our
JSTossi-bes. They have been sadly and mysteriously
absent from our pages during the last few months, seeing that
hay must be made during the little sunshine that is left
before the appearance of the new general issue. Recourse has
been had this time to overprinting the ordinary French colonial
stamps, so as to make them unpaid letter stamps, thus reversing
the practice that has obtained in other Gallic colonial possessions.
The surcharge consists of four lines, according to the Revue

lUb

226 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Philateh'que — (1) "Xossi-Be" in two varieties of short and tall
Eoman type ; (2) " chiffre taxe n in thin lower case ; (3) the
numerals of value in large figures, nearly 6 mm. high, preceded in
each case by a cypher, and (4) the words "a perce voir" in small
Eoman capitals. The two varieties of the 35 c. and the 1 franc
have the long type, and the remainder the short letters in
" 2fossi-Be. "!

0"20 centimes, black surcharge, on 1 c, black on blue.
0 30 ,, ,, ,, 2 c. , red-brown on straw.

0-35 ,, ,, ,, 4 c, brown- violet on light blue.

0*35 ,, „ ,, 20 c, red on green.

0-50 ,. .. ,, 30 c, brown on pale brown.

1 franc ,, „ 35 c, black on yellow.

Puttialla. — Messrs. Cheveley, Wilson, and Co. have shown us
the h anna with the initial letter "a" instead of "p," the surcharge
being in red, as also the set with the first "a" omitted.

| anna, black surcharge on green ; error aftialla.

i ,, red ,, ,, ,, puttilla.

2 annas ,, ,, blue ,, ,,

4 .-. >, „ green „

1 rupee ,, ., slate ,, .,

1 anna, black ., brown ., ,,

8 annas „ ,, purple ., ,,

Reunion. — "We are now enabled to amplify the announcement
made in our last number as to these latest surcharges. If any
collector shared our publishers' apprehension as to their authenticity,
he may now feel a happy revulsion of feeling, when he hears not
only that they are official and duly announced with the usual long-
winded proclamation, but that there are plenty of them. As we
have previously stated, these stamps have the name of the island
imprinted on them obliquely in small Eoman capitals, the full set
being —

Type of current French colonials.

1 cent, black on blue ; black surcharge.

2 cents, brown on bistre ,,

4 ,, violet on blue .,

5 ,, green on green ,,
10 ,, black on lilac ,,
15 ,, blue on pale blue ,,
20 ,, brick-red on green ,,
25 ,, black on rose ,,
35 ,, black on orange ,,
40 ,, vermilion on bistre ,,
75 ,, carmine on rose ,,

1 franc, brown on pale green ,,

5 cents, green on green ; double surcharge.

Type of 1S77.

30 cents, bistre : Hack surcharge.
40 ,, vermilion .,

75 ,, carmine ,.

1 franc, bronze-green

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 227

And, finally, two of the old head of the Republic ; namely —

40 c. (Issue of 1872), orange ; black surcharge.
80 c. ( ,, ), carmine ,,

Two provisionals are also announced in the aforesaid official
proclamation, but we have not yet seen them — 2 and 15 cents to
be surcharged on the 20 c, brick-red, of the current series, so
there is still something to anticipate in the near future. When
we take to collecting Reunions, we shall leave off after the first
issue, and should probably even then not have the worst half of a
collection of the stamps of this fecund island.

Russian Locals. — We are as usual indebted to the columns of
the Timbre-Poste for our information as to these rural issues.

Ossa (Perm). The stamps of 4 and 8 kopecks have been used
" in fractions " as follows :

\ of stamp, 4 kop., brown.

h » 8 n blue-

4 » 8 „ „

Tscherdina (Perm). Similar to those of Koungour noted last
month, we have a stamp of Tscherdina with the arms. The
inscriptions are the same as those we have already given. Litho-
graphed and printed in colours on white paper; perf. 11 J.
2 kopecks, carmine.

The specimen in question bears the date of 21st of April, 1891.

Servia. — The current 20 c. has been forwarded us by our
publishers with double horizontal perforation at the bottom.
20 paras, orange, with double perforation.

South Australia. — Our correspondent writes, "There is a
correction to make in your announcement of last month as regards
the fresh O.S. type on the Jd., the colour being brown instead of
green — the stamp indicated being of course the current one." We
have also heard of the application of these letters on the surcharged
2Jd., and have the like on the 4d. and 6d., thus making six values
in all with those previously chronicled, viz., Jd., Id., 2d., 2jd.,
4d., and 6d.

We are indebted to a correspondent for a sight of the 9d. with
imprint on either side, mentioned in our last number. This is as
we conjectured, mauve, but is perforated 11 J x 12£ (see page 292).
From the same source we have a veritable lusus natures — a 4d.
South Australia with watermark SA and Cr., which we believe was
recently sold at auction, and created naturally some surprise.
This wonderful and unique specimen consists however of one of
the Reprinted specimens issued by the South Australian Post-
office, but with a very heavy postmark (1) carefully covering the
obnoxious word " Reprint ! " How are the mighty fallen !

2Jd., red on green ; surcharged O.S. in thin fancy capitals.
4d., violet „ „ „ „

6d., blue „ „ „ „

154c

228 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Surinam. — To the information anent the 10 c. unpaid Letter
Stamp on page 202 in our last number, it should be added that
the new type consists of the substitution of shorter figures (about
4 J mm.) for the former ones that gauged 7 mm., and the addition
underneath in the lower portion of the white circle, of the word
" cent " in small Eoman capitals. The colour is bright lilac. The
stamp that we referred back to as chronicled on page 132 is of
the ordinary figure type with concentric circles, and not an unpaid
letter stamp, as we inadvertently stated last month.

Sweden. — The 10 ore official stamp with the blue surcharge
has been known to us some months with the surcharge inverted,
and although we have seen it quoted at various fancy prices in the
German Journals, we had refrained from the " noveltying " it,
from a mean adhesion to the old adage, that " seeing is believing."
However, as an esteemed contemporary has done so — quifacit per
aliam, facit per se — we will no longer delay the announcement.
Official Stamp. 10 ore on 12, blue ; inverted surcharge.

Tasmania. — The imperforate pairs of the 3d., reddish-brown,
9d., blue, with tas. watermark, and the lOd. on the jSTew South
Wales paper with " 10," are not — as the Editor of the Monthly
Journal opines — novelties, as they are duly described in the
Tasmania of Mr. Bassett Hull, and we have long had single copies.
We have, however, also now the pairs alluded to, and are informed
on the very best authority that they are a portion of one sheet only
of each, which was found imperforate, and that therefore their
authenticity is undoubted.

TobagO. — Our publishers have shewn us the 4d., grey, which
has been surcharged for use as a lower value. The specimen in
question is postmarked September 5th last.

2Jd., black surcharge on 4d. , grey ; wmk. CA and Crown ; perf. 14.

Turkey. — It appears, according to the Timbre-Post e, that a
new issue has been prepared, and will be issued in March, 1892.
The centre is occupied by a white disc with the arms of the present
Sultan, and the background of the stamp, intervening between
the former and the wavy-lined fancy border, consists of diamond-
shaped lines, containing each a dot, with the
numerals of value in the corners in European
and Turkish numerals. The half moon or crescent
that has shone so long on the stamps of Turkey
has at last been eclipsed. The values are to be
10 and 20 paras, and 1, 2, and 5 piastres.

We give an illustration of the Imprime stamps
described on page 155.

Mr. A. Levy sends us a variety of the current 1 piastre
with the value reading PIASTRT, arising from defective printings
similar to those of the previous stamp of this denomination.
1 piastre (1890 issue, error of printing PIASTRI).

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 229

Uruguay.— Our publishers have received the 5 c, violet, of
1886 — the beautifully-engraved stamp with the numeral on an
engine-turned background, with the diagonal sur-
charge in red lower-case type — "Provisorio, 1891 "
— the latter being immediately below the former.
They mention some of the following delightful
vagaries of the surchargers, and we are indebted
to some of our contemporaries for others of them.
They are all errors naturally, and still more naturally
accidental. We append illustration.

5 cents, violet (1886 issue), red surcharge ; "Provisorio, 1891."
(a) Varieties of surcharge as to numerals "1391," " 91," " 1."
(&) Varieties of surcharge as to letters "ovisorio," "visorio," " isorio," "orio ";

and it seems almost each of these omissions (a) with each of those
of (b) usque ad nauseam.

We shall doubtless chronicle further diminuendo variations of
the scale next month until the surcharge ends with ■' 0," and then
less than that !

Victoria. — We read in the minutes of the Berlin Philatelic
Club an account of the Victorian reprints recently alluded to
in this journal. Apropos of this, we would venture to commend
to the Philatelic Society of London the practice of their industrious
and well-informed German contemporary body in giving a full and
interesting account of the proceedings of their meetings. Absent
members thus have some chance of knowing what takes place,
whereas the condensed official description of the London Society's
meetings that is given in our columns but very imperfectly conveys
the full purport of the evening's work. The attendance of a
shorthand writer would attain this end, and at the same time
relieve the work of the able Hon. Secretary and Assistant
Secretary. After this digression we must return to our Victorians,
all of which bear the word " Reprint," we are glad to hear. 0 si
sic omnes! The 2d. of the first issue bears the impression of the lines
that have been made in defacing the plate, as recently explained
by Mr. David H. Hill. The 2d. full-length plate is printed entire,
doubtless in a rather worn state. We hope to inspect these stamps
ourselves later on, and will meantime content ourselves by stating
that there are in all thirty-five varieties from 1850 to 1885,
irrespective of the Stamp Duty and Stamp Statute series, and
that with the exception of the Id., green, and 6d., blue (full
length), of 1856, they are all perforated 12. The long shape of
the latter may have prevented their perforation. If so, would not
this have also been so in the past, in an official sense 1

Zululand. — We have the current 2Jd. of Great Britain sur-
charged " Zululand " in long black block letters, as in the other
values.

2|d., current issue of Great Britain, black surcharge, " Zululand";
wmk. Crown, perf. 14.

230 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.
Gwalior. — The following varieties are chronicled by the LB. J.,
bearing a black surcharge in a semi-circular shape.
^ anna, green ; 120 x 95 mm.

1 „ brown; 124 x 71 „
Registration Envelope. 2 annas, blue ; 132 x 84 „

2 „ „ 252x109 „

Great Britain. — Mr. Gordon Smith writes as under, with a
sample of the envelope in question : "A new die for the Id. envelope
appears to be now in use for stamping envelopes sent in by private
persons, bearing on the neck the initials S. H., presumably
' Somerset House.' I have not seen it previously mentioned."

Russia. — The new type with the thunderbolts, mentioned on
page 182 of this Journal, exists according to the Thnbre-Poste in
three sizes, 145 x 60 mm., 145 x 120 mm., and 115 x 80 mm.

Sweden. — The envelope chronicled in the Record on page 133
has now its companion on a different paper, e.g.,
10 c, carmine on white laid paper.

Victoria. — We have received the Registration Envelope recently
described by us also in the size of 148 x 90 mm.

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Austria. — The Austrian Philatelisten Club notes two varieties
of the current post cards ; one with the outer border measuring
129x81 mm., and the other 127x79. The bilingual post card
of the latter variety has the fourth line of the address level with
the top of the notice in the left angle — in the former it is found
lower down.

Brazil. — The recently described letter card now comes, says
the Monthly Journal, on pink card, but with the inside white.
Letter Card. 80 reis, carmine and blue on pink.

India. — A correspondent from Kurachee writes as under :

" With reference to your description of the official card, without
expressed value, yellow-green, I beg to inform you that I am in
possession of some of these cards ; a friend of mine being em-
ployed in the Post-office here supplied me with them.

"Should you desire to obtain one, I shall only be too glad to
send you one.

"The card itself is not an extra beauty. Made of thinner paper
than other cards, it is badly printed, and is not easy to write on, as
the paper is rough."

Russia. — Two fresh varieties of the letter card are noted by our
Brussels contemporary, with the notice in Russian and French, the
latter reading, " Detachez la bordure le long du poi?itille"
10 kop., blue, rose on grey.
10 ,, ,, ,, with perforation up to the outsides.

CJP.

/fill

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

231

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA,

By M. P. CASTLE.

(Continued from fage 212.)

C— CUSTOMS.

Surcharge in

(a) ROULETTED.

Red.

Black.

Blue.

2d., orange.

Id., green.
6d., blue.
2s., carmine.

Id.
2d.

4d.
6d.
Is.

2s.

, green.

, orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)

, slate.

, lilac-blue.

brown.

carmine.

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORAr

CED.

(?)

2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown);
(perf. 10.)
4d., slate, perforated 10
on three sides, and rou-
letted at bottom.
Is., brown; (perf. 11^.)

(?)

I 6d., dark blue.
J Is., brown.

(d) Perforated 10.

(?)

Id., dark green.

2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
2d., orange. Type II.

(V. and Crown.)
4d., slate.
6d. , dark blue.

(?)

(e) Compound Perforation,
Id., dark green, 11^ x 13.
4d., slate, 10x13.
4d. „ 10x12x12$.
6d.,blue, !Hxl2i.

(?)

Note. — It will be seen that the rouletted series is quite complete— with
the blue surcharges, while that with the red is only represented by one
value— while the probably extensive use in so important a department has
created more varieties than is apparently the case with some of the other
offices, (b) This variety of the 4d. is in the collection of Mr. G. Lockyer,
who I believe is thoroughly satisfied with its authenticity, (d) The Victorian
paper makes its first appearance, alphabetically, in this set on the 2d. It
will be found that its use on this value is not infrequent, and it may be
that this was used to a considerable extent for official purposes, as being
less likely to be noticed than if applied to general use. I have seen far more
copies with " letters " than without of the 2d. (V. and Crown.)

232

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

C. D.— CONVICT DEPARTMENT.

Surcharge in
Red.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

6d.

Blue.
lilac-blue.

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED.

(?) Id., green (perf. 11£). i

2d., orange-red. Type

II., perf. 11J ; androu-

letted one side.

6d., lilac-blue; (perf. 11 J.)

(?)

(d) Perforated 10.

(?) 1

(?)

(e) Compound Perforatio>
4d., slate -grey, (?)
11^x13.

(?)

Note. — The variety of the 2d. in (6) is somewhat curious. It is with the
star wmk., and I have two specimens evidently from the same sheet, both
perforated 11^ all round, and having the roulette vertically on the right hand
side only. The cuts are, of course, "blind/' and the sheet having probably
been imperfectly rouletted, recourse was no doubt had to the perforating
machine. In the synopsis on page 1S5 I included this stamp, with the
perforation 11 J alone, as I considered its existence probable by analogy,
e.g., the 2d. S.A. and Crown of the same type and gauge will be found later
on ; the 2d. Type I. also exists (unlettered), both perf. 11^ alone and also
with the additional roulette, as described in (b). The 9d., grey, is also, as
is well known, found with perforation and roulettes in addition from doubt-
less analagous causes. It seems possible that some imperfectly rouletted
sheets of both types and watermarks were subsequently perforated, perhaps
without the manipulators knowing that a rouletting was even attempted,
and would seem to indicate that they were all from sheets partially rouletted,
as regards some rows only. Both my specimens of the C. D. are evidently
from the same vertical row. Thus, of these three early 2d. values — two-
Type I. (Star) and Type II. (S.A. and Crown) are found perf. 11 J, the
former also with the blind roulette, as in this C. D. variety. If, therefore,
this additional and superfluous roulette arose from the cause I have ventured
to assign, i.e., an unfinished rouletting— the third stamp, as described above,
would also probably occur.

Surcharge in
Bed.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

(b)

(?)

4d. , slate.

C. L.-CROWN LANDS

(a) Rouletted.
Black.
6d., lilac-blue.
2s., carmine.

Rouletted and Perforated
| Is., brown. |

2d
6d,.

n*.

Blue.
orange. T}pe II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
lilac-blue.

(?)

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

233

(d) Perforated 10.

2d., orange. Type II. (?)

(V. and Crown.)
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
4d. , slate (V. and Crown.
4d. „

(e) Compound Perforation

(?) 1 2d., orange. Type II. (?)

(S.A. and Crown) ;
(perf. lOxlH.)
4d., slate, 10xll£,

10xl2|.
2s., carmine, 11£ x 12£,

Note.— The second value with the Victorian watermark {d) is here to be
found with its companion for the first time (alphabetically). It is, how-
ever, far scarcer. I have two specimens of the 2d. with the V. and Crown
postmarked September 7th and November 21st, 1872, which have the
surcharge in a brownish black colour, quite different from the ordinary
impression, and having a more oily appearance. The variety of the 2d.
in (e) was for a long time unknown, but is met with occasionally with and
without the letters. . .

Surcharge in

(a) ROULETTED.

Red.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

Black
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
2s., carmine.

Blue.

(?)

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORAr

FED.

(?)

1 (?)

(?)

6d., pale to dark blue.
Is., brown.
2s., carmine.

(?)

(d) Perforated 10.

(?)

2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
4d., slate.

(?)

(e) Compound Perforatio

4d., slate-grey, 11 J'

<13.

4d., slate, ll|x 13,

10x11^x13.
6d., pale to dark blue,
11^x12^.
Is., brown, 10x11 J.

(?)

Note. —I have a variety of the surcharge on the 2s. (c) in which the letters
are closer together, the distance between them being barely 1^ mm., while
there is no stop after the 0, as is the case, I believe generally, where the
letters are close together. The specimen is postmarked April 27th, 1873,
and I believe the surcharging is absolutely genuine. The 2s. has been seen
dated as late as January 30th, 1875.

234

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

Surcharge in
Red.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

C. P.— COMMISSIONER OF POLICE.

(«) ROULETTED.

Black.
(?)

Query, (b), (d\ and (e).

{c) Perforated 11 \.

(?)

Blue.

4d., slate. | (?) | (?)

Note. — Here again there is but a scanty list, and the Commissioner of
Police, if this is the proper translation of the initials, must have used the
unsurcharged stamps for normal correspondence, or, as Lieutenant Napier
suggests, possibly this office was amalgamated with (P.) Police, which would
account for the few varieties : the two together make a fairly complete set.

C. S.-COLONIAL SECRETARY.

Surcharge in
Red.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac- blue.
Is., brown.

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.
2d., orange. Type II.
4d., slate.

Blue.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
4d., slate.
6d., blue.

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATE]

> Hi

(?)

4d., slate.
6d., dark blue.
Is., brown.

(?)

4d., slate.

(d) Perforated 10.

(?)

2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
4d., slate.

4d. ,, (V. and Crown.)
6d., dark blue.
Is., brown.

(?)

(e) Compound Perforation

(?)

4d., slate, 10x11^,

ll£xl2£.
6d., dark blue, 10x11^,

10 on 3 sides by 11.
Is., brown, 10 x 11£.
2s. , pale carmine,

10xll|.

(?)

Note. — As would be probable, the Colonial Secretary's correspondence
necessitated a large employ of stamps for foreign letters, and, in conse-
quence, considerable variations are to be found in these surcharges. It is
noteworthy that the lowest value — the Id.— is missing, while the colour of
the overprinted letters on the first or rouletted series is more evenly distri-
buted as to the remaining values. The 4d. must have been brought into
constant requisition, as it will be seen that no less than nine varieties of
watermark perforations, &c, are chronicled. The first among these is the
rouletted variety («), mentioned in the note to "Architect," which is the
complement of what may be termed the first issue— the rouletted series
of the early type— and, as will be seen, is generally replaced by the one

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

235

in a slightly greyer shade of slate, and perforated 11 J or compound. The
colour of these rouletted fourpennies seems to be rather fuller than the last
mentioned. The " V. and Crown " also appears, and I have an interesting
stamp, also with this watermark, that I think has never been chronicled yet,
with or without surcharge. It is the 4d. on the slate colour (d) with
watermark V. and Crown, but ]^'inted clearly on both sides, the reverse
not having the additional lettering.

C. Sgn.- COLONIAL SURGEON.
" C. S." in smaller Roman capitals and "gn" in lower case (Illustration IS).

Surcharge in
Red.
6d., lilac-blue.

(?)

{a) Rouletted.
Black.
2d., orange-red. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

C. S. in large block capitals
as other Departmentals and
"gn" in small Egyptian
letters. (Illustration 16.)
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

Rouletted and Perforated.

Blue.

AND

(?)

| 4d., slate.

(d)
2d.,

4d.

Perforated 10.
, orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
, slate.

(?)

4d., slate, lljx 12*.

(e) Compound Perforation.

(?)

Surcharge in block
capitals, C. S. G. N.
vertically.

10d., yellow, 10xll±.

Note. — This lettering has always seemed to me somewhat cabalistic, as the
occupation of Surgeon to the Colony has an impracticable sound— a man
may well be a doctor to royalty or to an institution, but a colony of the
dimension of South Australia would seem too wide a field for any professional
energies ! It may, however, be the antipodean for Medical Officer of
Health, which would certainly call for correspondence. The omission of
the consonant R. (S. R. G. N.) also suggests whether it is really an abbre-
viation of Surgeon. All these surcharges, of which only four values are
known, are scarce, and are rarely to be seen, either used or unused. The
second type of surcharge (a) is apparently a conversion of, or rather an
addition to, the C. S. of Colonial Secretary. The lOd. (e) is in the (now)
National Collection and is doubtless reliable, coming from such a source,
but I have never seen it.

C. T.— ? CONTROLLER OR COMMISSIONER OF TAXES.

Surcharge in (a) Rouletted.

Red. 1 Black. I Blue.

Is., brown. CO (?)

Query (b), (c), (d), and (e. )

Note. — This variety is in the collection of Lieutenant Napier, and seems
to be quite authentic, though it has found no corroboration at present, as
regards other specimens.

236

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

Surcharge in

D. B. -DESTITUTE BOARD.

(a) RODLETTED.

Red.
Id., green.
2d., orange.
6d. , lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

Black.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

Blue.

2d., orange. Type II
(S.A. and Crown.)

4d., slate.

(b) RODLETTED AND PERFORATED 11|.

1 (?) I (?)

4d., slate.

(?)

(d) Perforated 10.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
Is., brown.

(?)

4d., slate-grey, l

(e) Compound Perforation.

n x i2i. i (?) i (?)

Note. — The 2d. and 4d. occur each in four varieties.

D. R.

Note. — District Registry is given in Oceania, but I cannot hear of a copy.
It may have been a defective D. B.

E.— ENGINEER.

Surcharge in

(a) ROULETTED.

Red.

Black.

Blue.

2d., orange.

2d., orange. Type II.

(?)

2d., orange. Type II.

(S. A. and Crown. )

(S.A. and Crown.)

6d. , lilac-blue.

Is., brown.

(b) Re

ULETTED AND PERFORATED 11^.

(?)

4d., slate.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

(?)

4d., slate-grey.

(?) 1
(d) Perforated 10.

(?)

2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
4d., slate.

(?)

(

3) Compound Perforation.

(?)

2s., carmine, 11^x13.

(?)

Note. — The 2d., Type II., with red surcharge, seems a curious variety.
I chronicle it on good authority, but have not seen it.

The 4d. (b) is a curious variety. In this case the perforation has been
inefficiently executed, i.e., horizontally only across the lower portion of
the stamp just above the value, and the stamp afterwards rouletted ; it is
a rather dark shade. The colour of the 4d. (d) is paler and approaching the
more recent printing.

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

237

E. B. -EDUCATION BOARD.

Surcharge in

(a) ROTTLETTED.

Red.

Black.

Blue.

4d., slate.

2d.

orange-red. Type

II.

(S.A. and Crown.)

4d.

slate.

6d.

lilac-blue.

(?)

Query (b) and (c.)

{d) Perforated 10.
2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
2d., orange. Type II.

(V. and Crown.)
4d., slate.

(e) Compound Perforation
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown),

(?)

Note. — The varieties are few here, and the red surcharge entirely absent
the 4d. rouletted, however, appearing twice.

G. F.— ? GOVERNMENT FACTORIES.
Query (a), {b), (c), and (e.)

Surcharge in (d) Perforated 10.

Bed. Black. Blue.

(?) 2d., orange. Type II. (0

(S.A. and Crown.)

Note. — I have not heard of any other variety of this, and although I have
a specimen, I did not rely upon this, as this lettering Avas hitherto un-
chronicled until I lately had corroborative evidence from Mr. Napier.
The designation of the Department is, of course, unknown, the above being
but a tentative title.

G. P.

-GOVERNMENT PRINTER.

Surcharge in

(a) Rouletted.

Red.
Id., yellow-green, pale

to dark green.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

Black.
Id., green.
2s., carmine.

Blue.
Id., yellow-green to

green.
2d., orange. Type II
(S.A. and Crown.)
Is., brown.
2s., carmine.

(?)

{b) Rouletted and Perforated 11 J.
I Id., yellow-green, dark

green,
j 6d., blue.

{d)
Id.,

2d.,

Perforated

green

orange

10.

(S.A,

Type II.
and Crown.)

(?)

238

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

(e) Compound Perforation.
(?) Id., yellowto dark green, (?)

11^x12^, 11^x13,
10x111, 10 x 11| on
3 sides.
2s., carmine, lOxlU,
11JX12J.

Note. — In this series the lowest value has evidently been extensively used,
as it is found in every division, and missing only with the black surcharge
among the roulettes/ quite a number of distinct shades being observable
among the later perforations. I have a dark green Id. of (a) with the red
surcharge postmarked May, 186S, that is in the colour of the imperforate
stamp.

G. S.-? GOVERNMENT SURVEY.

Surcharge in

(a) ROULETTED.

Bed.

2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

Black.
(?)

Blue.
(?)

Query (6), (c), (d)t and (e.)

Note. — There seems to be but the red surcharge on the " 1st" issue, hence
it is presumable their use was early discontinued. The latest postmark I
have is November (?), 1568.

G. T.-GOOLWA TRAMWAY

Surcharge in

(a) Rouletted.

Bed.

Black.

Blue.

Id., green.

2d., orange. Tvpe II.

(?)

2d., orange.

2d. „ * „

6d., lilac-blue.

(S.A. and Crown.)

Is., brown.

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED.

(?)

1 (?) 1 (?)

4d., slate.

1 (?) 1 (?)

Query (d) and (e. )

Note.— The 2d.

in m

T collection (a), first type,

has no stop after T, in

contradistinction to all the remaining specimens.

I have a stamp coming under set (e), perf. llix 12|, but the shade of the
impression, as well as the surcharge, do not inspire me with sufficient
confidence to insert it in the list.

EL— ? HOSPITAL.

Query (a), (b), (c), and (e.)

Surcharge in {d) Perforated 10.

Bed. Black. Blue.

(?) 2d., orange. Type II. (?)

(S.A. and Crown.)
2d., orange. Type II.
(V. and Crown.)

Note.— Little is known of this, only one value having been seen, and
there is no information as to the nature of the department.

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

239

H. A.— HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY.

Surcharge in {a) Rouletted.

Red. Black. Blue.

Id., yellow-green. 2d., orange. Type II. (?)

2d., orange. (S.A. and Crown.)

6d., lilac-blue. 6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

(b) Rouletted and Perforated 11 J.
(?) | Is., brown. | (?)

| Is., brown.

(d) Perforated 10.
(?) Id., green. (?)

2d., orange-red. Type
II. (S.A. and Crown.)
4d., slate.

(e) Compound Perforation.
(?) Id., green, ll|xl2|, (?)

llJxlO.
4d., slate, ll|xl2i.
Is., brown, lljx 12|.

Note. — The Id. occurs here in three varieties. It is also found (e) perf.
11| x 12 J, with double perforations vertically.

H. G.

Note. — I can find no trace of any stamp with these letters.

Surcharge in
Bed.
Id., green.
2d. , orange.
6d., lilac-blue.

4d., slate.

I. A.— IMMIGRATION AGENT.

(a) Rouletted.

Black. Blue.

(?) (?)

Query (b.)
(c) Perforated 11£.
I (?) I (?)

Query (d) and (e.)

Note. — There would seem only the first series to have been issued here.

I. E.-(?)
Query (a), (6), (c), and (e.)
Surcharge in (d) Perforated 10.

Bed. Black. Blue.

(?) 2d., orange. Type II. (?)

(S.A. and Crown.)

Note. — The only specimen I have heard of is in Mr. Napier's possession,
who suggests Industrial Exhibition as the meaning of the letters.

(To be continued.)

240 REVIEWS.

ICU&tetog.

THE POSTAGE STAMPS OF THE WEST INDIES*

Uniform in size with its predecessors this volume has now made its
welcome and long anticipated appearance. In reviewing the work it is
at once our obvious and pleasing duty to pass upon it the highest
encomium of praise. Admirably printed in the clearest type, on thick
surfaced paper, its general appearance is a credit to the firm who
printed it — Messrs. Perkins, Bacon, and Co., Limited — a name that
will always command the respect of Philatelists for the magnificently
engraved postage stamps that have emanated from them. The auto-
type illustrations form a prominent feature, and when it is stated that
there are no less than thirty-two full page facsimile representations of
the various stamps, some idea can be gathered of the labour and ex-
pense involved in the production of such a work as this. Especially
noticeable among these are the three pages devoted to the illustrations
of the early printed stamps of British Guiana, from 1850, 1856, and
1862 ; the entire sheets of twenty-four stamps of the 1, 2, and 4 cents
of the latter year being represented, and all those varieties of the two
former that modern research has been able to re-unite. The plates of
the Nevis stamps — eight in all— showing the twelve varieties of type,
are also most successfully depicted, showing with the utmost fidelity
and clearness every line of the original engravings. The Jamaican
pott cards, and indeed all the remaining stamps, which include each
and every known type, are equally satisfactory in their delineation.

Mr. Douglas Garth, the Secretary of the London Philatelic Society,
in the preface alludes with feeling to the great loss sustained by the
Publishing Committee in the lamented death of the late Mr. T. K.
Tapling, adding that the inevitable delay thus caused in the production
of the work would have been even greater had not Mr. .E. D. Bacon
stepped into the breach, and he tenders to that gentleman, on behalf
of his colleagues, their grateful acknowledgment — a sentiment that
will assuredly meet with a ready and cordial response from every
reader of the book. Conveniently arranged in alphabetical order,
each separate county is headed by an introductory note from the hand
of Mr. Bacon, a perusal of which will at once render apparent the
extent of Mr. Bacon's willing and able co-operation. Antigua heads
the list, and we note the 6d. on unwatermarked paper, perf. 15, is here
included, as also the Id. of the following issue, with the Star watermark
in an imperforate state. In the Society's list of the Barbadian stamps
the existence of the 4d. brick of the first issue on white paper is queried,
and rightly so, as we have never yet succeeded, despite long search, in
securing a satisfactory copy. The rarity of this first issue in an im-
perforate condition on the bleute paper was proverbial, hence their
apparition in no mean number during the recent find must have
delighted those collectors of unused who, like ourselves, had despaired
of ever securing unposted copies. The " Preliminary Notes to Bermuda "
are contributed by Major Evans, from which it will be noted that he
does not credit the issue of the Id. and 2d. with the 3d. diagonal
surcharge in either upright or slanting capitals, as he failed to find any

* The Postage Stamps, Envelopes, Wrappers, Post Cards, and Telegraph
Stamps of the British Colonics in the West Indies, together with British
Honduras and the Colonies in South America. Compiled and published by
the Philatelic Society, London.

REVIEWS. 241

official record of them, and he inclines to the belief that they represent
trial sheets. The surcharging of a higher value on a lower is also
doubtless a fact that militates somewhat against these stamps as being,
for obvious reasons, contrary to the general practice ; but we are loth
to give up our old-established belief in these surcharges. That they
have been extensively and dangerously imitated of late years is well
known, but we have seen specimens in collections that had lain undis-
turbed for fourteen or fifteen years, emanating from sources like the
late Mr. E. L. Pemberton, and whose appearance in every way, as to
postmark and overprint, tallied with the same surcharge on the green.
This comparison is fairly within the reach of all collectors, and those
who possess copies of these stamps can well afford to stay their final
judgment until the obscurity attaching to their origin is raised.

The most important country, in a Philatelic sense, of the West
Indian group — British Guiana — is appropriately introduced by the
paper read by Mr. E. D. Bacon before the Society in 18S9, and pub-
lished in the Record in May and June of that year, but amplified and
brought down to date by "some alterations and many additions."
Thanks to the information supplied by Mr. James Rodway, f.l.s., Mr.
Bacon was enabled to unearth in the Gazette the long missing official
announcement of the issue of that rara avis, the 2 c. pink of 1850.
From a perusal of this it will be seen that this stamp was issued on
March 1st, 1851, but was soon discontinued, which accounts for its
rarity, although later on copies were no doubt issued to prepay higher
rates, some being known with a postmark as late as October, 1851.
In view of this it seems strange that so few specimens of this stamp have
been discovered, and it seems possible therefore that others may yet
come to light. Mr. Bacon has now come to the conclusion, with Mr.
Philbrick, that these circular stamps were set up from ordinary
printer's type, instead of being engraved with movable centres as he
formerly thought. It is stated that the same dies were used for
printing all the values, the central numeral only being altered ; and
Mr. Bacon has been able to discover eight varieties of type in all, but
he is unable to determine — and fears it will always be so — how many
varieties there were in all, or how many constituted the sheet. The
whole of the notes on the Guiana stamps, extending to some twenty-
two pages, are replete with information, much of which is new, and
will well repay the most careful study at the hands of collectors. In
the rare issue of 1856 the 1 cent magenta is chronicled, Mr. Bacon
having duly inspected the unique specimen in the collection of Herr
von Ferrary, and being quite confident of its authenticity, an opinion
we can cordially endorse from a previous examination of the identical
stamp. This is without doubt, in our opinion, the rarest stamp in
the world, in its solitary grandeur.

In the notes on Dominica it is related that of the provisional card,
issued in 1882, only one hundred copies were printed, which should
make it take high rank among the rare post cards.

The list of the Jamaican locally printed cards is also an excellent
one, their numerous varieties being succinctly described and fresh
information afforded as to their issue. We note that the latest addition
to, or rather amalgamation of, the West Indians — the Leeward Islands
—are duly chronicled. In the preface to the Nevis stamps Mr. Bacon
states his indebtedness, in default of official gazettes, to Mr. Maycock, a
member of the London Society, for his information, which includes an
interesting table of the numbers of the several values issued between
December, 1868, and November, 1878, from which it appears that only

242 REVIEWS.

1,200 of the lithographed 6d. value were issued. From an official
notice it is noted that the date of the first issue of the St. Lucian stamps
must be put forward to December, 1860, while the interesting informa-
tion is gleaned that the red stamps were of the value of Id., the blue of
4d., and the green of 6d., a fact that had not hitherto been definitely
settled. The numbers issued of the respective surcharges of the St.
Vincent stamps is also appended, and it will be remarked that but
630 of the 4d. on the Is. red had official birth ; alas ! we fear there
must be many of these stamps in collections whose surcharge is un-
official! The citation of an official notice clearly shows that the 5s.
and £1 stamps with C.A. and Crown watermark of Tobago were
fi seals, and not available for postage. The stamps of Trinidad — second
only in importance among the West Indies to British Guiana —
necessarily occupy considerable space, and Mr. Bacon's paper (printed
in the Record on February, 1890), is republished with additions. It
will be remembered that in this paper that gentleman propounded the
theory that the several distinct colours of the first issue were all of one
value — Id. — and not as usually supposed of three, if not even four,
different face values. Improbable as this seemed at first, Mr. Bacon's
arguments and evidence are so strong in favour of his theory that it
will be difficult to upset it, and the Society so classes the stamps in its
official list. If this be so, the red and red-brown, or reddish puce
stamps, which were formerly held as the lowest value, must have had a
use considerably in excess of the other colours. Mr. Bacon gives a list
of 105 specimens, all on the original letters, which he has examined, and
contends that their dates prove his suggestions ; and it is noticeable
that these dates, in the case of the locally printed stamps, extend from
October, 1852, to June, 1860. The existence of the 6d. value of Turks
Island with a Star watermark is also denied— a stamp that we hunted
for in vain for some years. The limits of our space forbid us more than
this passing mention of the many points of interest in this work, and
while its sponsorship will render our approbation of it almost unneces-
sary, we have the greatest pleasure in expressing our high estimation of
the book in its entirety, our cordial congratulations to the London
Philatelic Society on the issue of such a work, and our decided advice
to collectors to secure a copy — while it may be had.

THE PENNY POSTAGE JUBILEE.*

This vein has been fairly well worked out by the present time, and
although this small octavo volume contains 200 pages of printed
matter, the sum of the addition thereby to our knowledge is a minute
one. The first portion of the work contains the History of the Post-
office, the introduction of Postage Stamps, and the several festivals
that inaugurated the commencement of the second half century of
their existence. In this is included a fairly full account of the
Philatelic Exhibitions of London, Vienna, Edinburgh, Leeds, Birming-
ham, and Dundee. Watermarks, obliterations, and various matters
allied to Philately are touched upon, special chapters being devoted to
Foreign and Colonial Postage Stamps. The author also gives the
values of some stamps — but when he states that the " 4 c. type-set
British Guiana of 1850 on quadrille paper is worth ,£20," he is a little
off the beaten track ! The further statement that " within the last few
years some stamps have risen 10, 20, and even 30 per cent, in value "

* The Penny Postage Jubilee and Philatelic History, by Phil. London :
Sampson, Low, Marston, and Co., Limited.

THE SWISS CANTONAL STAMPS. 243

is also not an exaggeration. How about old Europeans or Australians
since, say, 1881? "Even 30 per cent." increase on the then prices
would command a fairly rapid sale ! Perhaps the author left out an
0 after each figure '? Even as a rechauffe the work is, however, not
without interest, and the modest price demanded for it should ensure
its ready sale.

A WORD ON THE SWISS CANTONAL STAMPS,

In No. 345 of Timbre Poste Monsieur J. B. Moens warns us against so-
called forged old Swiss Cantonal Stamps. According to his opinion the
entire plates of the " Rayon" Stamps have been either reproduced by
photographic process or — reprinted. Mons. Moens has treated this
matter so exhaustively that his arguments do equally well for both
sides, e.g., " Design and printing are perfect, even the paper is correct,
except, perhaps, lor a slight bluish tint." With a block of only four
stamps — if the types are correct — it is jumping at conclusions to say
they are forged, even if they passed through some chemical process.
Three experts have certified their genuineness, and well they could do
so, as the four Poste Locale afterwards passed through the hands of a
certain Geneva house, the senior of which is a great lover of cleanliness !
For instance, he does not like any inkstains or penmarks, and tries to
erase them with soap and chemicals. After doing this, why should he
not put some gum on the back, thus having a chance of getting say
2,000 francs for what costs him half that sum? The firm make a
speciality of erasing and adding small details, and have brought this
art to perfection. I would caution every collector to carefully examine
all old Swiss Stamps should they by any chance have touched Geneva,
never mind whether on original paper or loose !

M. Moens further holds that the set with framed cross was officially
issued in March, 1851. My stamps on original envelope contradict
this, as I have :

Ortspost, with frame ; posted Oct. 18, 1850.

,, without „ ,, ,, 10, 1850.

Post Locale, with ,, ,, ,, 25, 1850.

,, without ,, ,, July, 1851.

Rayon I., with ,, dark blue ,, Oct. 30, 1850.

,, without ,, ,, ,, „ 22, 1850.

,, partly framed ,, ,, Nov., 1850. .

It will be thus seen that M. Moens' arguments are by no means a proof
of the actual fact ! It is much more likely that all Rayons with the
exception of Rayon III. and Rayon I. light blue were issued in 1850,
and that the framing of the cross is more or less a kind of trial on the
part of either the engraver or the General Post-office. It is even
possible that the Poste Locale with frame were issued first, and that
afterwards the frame was erased again either partly or entirely. I
myself hold that it will be impossible for Mons. Moens to find one
single Poste Locale on original envelope, undoubtedly genuine, dated
1850, without the frame !

Regarding his further statement that reprints have been made, I will
only mention that " Deyhle " would no doubt have found these plates
twenty years ago, and at a later date a certain house in Geneva would
certainly have paid him their weight in gold for them, if they had
existed still.

2-44 YARIA.

The Swiss Philatelic Clubs have been active enough lately, many
mistakes in albums and catalogues having been corrected ; it would,
therefore, be desirable that their corrections re dates of issues were
recognised, and not simply ignored as has been done hitherto.

[The foregoing communication has been kindly sent us by a gentleman
who has not only a very fine collection of Swiss Stamps, but has proved by
his writings on the subject that he is an authority. We are glad to hear
both sides of the subject, and shall be glad to have further communications
from those in a position to speak on the question of these pseudo reprints.
Mr. Harry Hilckes has been good enough to translate our correspondent's
communication. — Ed.]

Varta.

A significant symptom that the " Stamp Season " has commenced
is afforded by catalogues of auctions held by Mr. Hadlow, and Messrs.
Cheveley, Wilson, and Co. It is to be hoped that these sales will not
be overdone during the approaching winter, and that auctioneers will
take the hint given in these columns — to describe the stamps as they are,
and not as they ought to be. Collectors would then get more confidence,
and a better aggregate sale be attained. The typographical errors in
Mr. Hadlow's first catalogue look ominous as to careful revision of the
articles to be sold ! * * *

A judicious choice has been apparently exercised by Her Majesty's
Government in the appointment of Postmaster-General. Sir James
Fergusson, Bart., is but fifty-nine years, and has been a member of the
House for many years, his first seat being for Ayrshire, in 1859.

Although of moderate age, the new Postmaster has had a varied
career. He has served in the army, and was wounded in the Crimea at
Inkermann ; he has been Governor of such important places as Bombay,
South Australia, and New Zealand, and in this country he has succes-
sively filled the offices of Under Secretary for India, the Home Office,
and the Foreign Office. W"e trust that he may still further develop the
resources of the Post-office by the increase of facilities and the removal
of all unnecessary restriction in the correspondence of the nation.

* * *

At the recent Conference of the Chambers of Commerce in Dublin
the question of Postal Reform was one of the subjects under discussion,
and a comprehensive series of resolutions were moved by Mr. Arnold
Forster, including the following :

"1. Power to transmit ordinary cards with ordinary adhesive stamps
affixed at the same rates of postage as for post cards. 2. The right to
transmit circulars in open envelopes. 3. The right to send fac-simile
reproductions of type-written circulars at the halfpenny rate.

The immediate concession of these three items in the programme
is demanded, both by common-sense and the example of other countries;
while probably the Reformers will not have to wait very long before
many of the other formulated demands are ceded — one of which, by the
way, includes the sale of post cards at face value.

* * *

Mr. William Brown, of Salisbury, has sent us a specimen of his
new perforation gauge, which presents some novel features in having a
duplicate set of the 2 centimetre scale, one placed vertically and the
other horizontally, thus affording greater facility for measuring. Each
dot of the gauge has also a vertical line crossing the centre, which

VARIA. 245

should also be of assistance. It is printed on white card from an
engraved plate — is, we believe, quite correct in its scale, and should
therefore find due appreciation at the hands of collectors.

* * *

The collectors of stamps who live in Brighton and neighbourhood are
endeavouring to form a local Philatelic Society, and we are asked to
invite communications from those who would like to join it. The
membership will probably be limited only to the county, so there
should be a considerable number of names available ; and as the Vice-
President of the London Society and other well-known collectors
reside in that town, there seems every reason to hope for the successful
formation of the Brighton Philatelic Society. Collectors who wish to
be associated with this new movement are invited to communicate either
with Mr. M. P. Castle, Kingston Lodge, or Mr. W. T. Willett, West
House, Brighton. * * *

The members of the Berlin Philatelic Club who have, as we announced
some time since, been engaged on the preparation of an exhaustive work
on the German stamps are, according to their published minutes, making
good progress. The list of the stamps and envelopes of Hanover have
been drawn up, and the immediate commencement of the study of
those of Thurn and Taxis is announced.

* * *

One of those modern misanthropes who vent their acidity of tempera-
ment in the press, has been lately writing to a daily contemporary on
the extreme danger to health through the contagion that might lurk in
creased, soiled, and — monstrum horrendum — possibly labially- wetted
postage stamps that are repurchased from the public at a small deduction.
He dreads at least a recurrence of the black plague through this immi-
nent danger, and suggests the prompt cremation of the offending labels,
or the insistance on the part of the Government that every purchaser
of stamps should use it for its legitimate purpose ! This would involve
the presence of a policeman, when we purchase a penny stamp, to see
that it was not applied to contraband purposes, and would seem to
denote at least penal servitude to any unfortunate collector who should
be misguided enough to hoard up a number ! To the Philatelic com-
munity any such absurd restriction would imply the loss of many a
treasure that has long lain perdu in some old desk or drawer, and were
there any likelihood of our grumbler's twaddling moan being listened
to, would call for a strong protest on the part of collectors. This
assumption, however, may be looked upon as an unlikely one ; the
Post-office authorities do not suffer from the weakness of intellect that
our timorous friend has shown, whose letter was probably only inserted
to "liven up" by its unconscious folly the columns of our contemporary.

* * *

We have to announce with much regret the death of Mr. Patrick
Chalmers. The tireless energy with which he advocated his father's
claims is now stilled for ever ; but whatever difference of opinion might
be elicited on this point, it is impossible to deny to the deceased the
1 ' courage of his convictions," and a large share of that tenacity and
doggedness that it is our insular habit to appraise so highly. The
Surrey Comet, of October 10th, 1891, has a kindly notice, with the spirit
of which we cordially agree, and cannot do better than reproduce.

" The death is announced of Mr. Patrick Chalmers, of Wimbledon, at the
age of 72. His name is known to our readers as that of the son of James
Chalmers, the Dundee bookseller, whose claim to have been the inventor of
the adhesive postage stamp, without which the penny postage system of Sir

246 VARIA.

Rowland Hill could not have been successfully launched, he succeeded in
making good. His task was to convince an unwilling nation that to Sir
Rowland Hill did not belong all the praise of that great postal reform ; and,
undeterred by official hindrances and all manner of difficulties, he succeeded
in winning for his father's name the just appreciation of his genius which it
undoubtedly deserved." ^ ^ ^

The annual report of the Post-office for 1890-91 has recently been
issued to the public, and contains many items of interest to the stamp
collecting fraternity — hence no apology is necessary for reproducing here
some of its more striking characteristics as taken from The Standard.

" The estimated number of letters delivered in the United Kingdom during
the past year was 1.705,800,000. The increase over the previous year was 3 4
per cent., a rate of advance which falls considerably below that of 1889-90,
when the increase was 5*9 per cent. Nevertheless, the average number of
letters to each person has risen in the same period from 43 to 45, whereas in
all the previous years of the decade the addition has only been one per head.
The letters delivered in the London district last year were 538,400,000, an
increase of 4 per cent, on the previous year. In the year before the increase
was 7 '8 per cent. The delivery in England and Wales rose 3*5 per cent.,
compared with 6*5 a year earlier. In Scotland the number of letters increased
2.1 per cent., compared with 3*2; while in Ireland the process was reversed,
the increase being 3'1 per cent., compared with 1*4. In England and Wales
the average number of letters per head of the population last year was 50, in
Scotland 36, and in Ireland 21. A slight decrease appears in the number of
letters registered. The decline is, in a comparative degree, infinitesimal, and
the total remains considerably above 11,000,000. It is remarked that the
public still frequently resort to the practice of sending money without
registration, enclosed in letters or parcels with objects of an incongruous
character. Sovereigns have been found packed with butter, flowers, dripping,
figs, and puddings. As an illustration of 'reckless economy,' mention is
made of a lady in Siam having forwarded to London several parcels declared
to contain walking-sticks and stationery of ordinary value, whereas the real
contents were found to consist of diamonds and jewellery worth upwards of
£25,000. Postage at the registered letter rate would have amounted to about
£30. A little insight is thrown on another kind of transaction, in which a
lady advertised in a newspaper, asking persons to send threepence each in aid
of a refuge fund, and to induce two friends to do the same. The lady
appears to have underrated her chances of success, for she subsequently
removed from the address giveu in the advertisement without giving notice of
the change. As a consequence, the replies accumulated at the Returned
Letter Office to such an extent that when her new address was discovered
there were more than 16,000 letters awaiting her attention, the remittances
amounting to £191.

"The post cards delivered last year were 229,700,000, an increase of 5*8 per
cent., the average per head being a little over 6. Book packets, circulars, and
samples were 481,200,000, with an increase of 8 "9 per cent., and an average
of 12 -8 per head. Newspapers were 161,000,000, with an increase of 1.1 per
cent., and an average of 4*3 per head. The total delivery of letters, post
cards, and other items amounted to 2,557,700,000, being an increase of 4 '4
per cent, over the previous year, and an average of 68 '4 per head of the
population. An addition of 46,287,956 has to be made for parcels, these
consignments showing an increase of 8 per cent., and an average of 1*2
per head. The grand total thus becomes 2,623,987,956, the increase being
8 -2 per cent., and the average per head 69 '6. Omitting the parcels, the
deliveries were about 85 "2 per cent, in England and Wales, 29'7 per cent,
being in the London Postal District alone, 8 "9 per cent, in Scotland, and 5 "9
per cent, in Ireland.

"The statistics of the Returned Letter Department bear witness to the
customary amount of carelessness and blundering on the part of the public,
though the senders are not always the guilty parties. More than 6,500,000

PHILATELIC PROTECTION ASSOCIATION. 247

letters were returned to the various offices. By far the greater portion were
remitted to the senders, some were sent back unopened to the Post-offices of
foreign countries, about 136,000 were re-issued to corrected addresses, and less
than 500,000 remained on hand. The number of registered letters dealt with
exceeded 200,000. About 30,000 letters were posted without being addressed,
and of these 1601 contained cash, bank-notes, and cheques to the value of
more than £5000 in all. The number of returned book-packets and circulars
was nearly 7,000,000, and of newspapers a little under 600,000.

" One of the novelties of the official year, and coming just at its close, was
the introduction of the express delivery service in London, subsequently
extended to various parts of the Kingdom. A further development of this
sytem consists in the plan by which a letter bearing a special superscription
may be committed to the post for the purpose of being transmitted to any
express delivery office in the kingdom, to be thence delivered by special
messenger. The subscribers to Post-office telephone exchanges, and the
renters of private wires connected with Post-offices, may also summon
messengers without extra payment. On February a new service was com-
mence 1, under which railway companies carry single letters, which are either
delivered to the addresses at railway stations, or forwarded by post from the
most convenient points on the railway. In the first three months about
37,000 letters were dealt with in this manner. The system is believed to be
of advantage to the public, especially in rural districts. The growth of the
Parcel Post is referred to with satisfaction. The gross amount of the postage
exceeds £1,000,000, of wdiich the railway companies take nearly £500,000,
leaving the balance for the Post-office. New parcel coach services have been
organised between certain towns, and sixty-four additional direct parcel mails
have been established between London and other places. "

PHILATELIC PROTECTION ASSOCIATION,

8, Gower Street, London, W.C., 1st October, 1891.
New Forgeries. Circular No. 2.

The Philatelic Protection Association hereby warn Philatelists against
the following forgeries which have been brought under their notice since
the issue of the last circular:

Baden. — 1862. 18 kreuzer, perf., both light and dark green. (A very
dangerous imitation, and with many various postmarks.)

Bavaria. — 1850. 12 kr. red and 18 kr. yellow. (These are also
dangerous, and have various postmarks.)

British Bechuanaland. — Most of the surcharges on the Cape
stamps and on the English ^d. have been shown to the Association both
with inverted and double forged surcharges.

British East Africa. — \ anna, 1st issued on English Id., with
forged surcharge.

Cape of Good Hope. — Is. green, triangular.

Ceylon. — Various post cards with forged surcharges, and also bogus
surcharges.

Fiji Islands. — 1874. The 3d. green and 6d. rose, with forged new
value in cents, and V.R. in Gothic or plain type.

Mexico. — 1868. The full set of 4 values, new and dangerous imitation.

Scinde Dawk. — \ anna, white.

The Committee of Experts of the Philatelic Protection Association
will be happy to examine and report upon any specimens of the above-
mentioned stamps, on condition that such stamps are sent to the
Secretary accompanied with sufficient postage for reply.

Charles J. Phillips, Secretary.

248 NOTES AND QUERIES.

THE NEW DUTCH STAMPS.
To the Editor of " The Philatelic Record."

Dear Sir, — I have the honour to send you one of our new stamps. They
consist of 5, 10, 12£, 15, 20, 22J, 25, and 50 cents.

On the post cards the arms are on the right, and the Queen's face on the
left side of the card. Colours as in the late emission.

Until this day they have not been procurable at the Post-offices, unless
the old issue was sold out. I am, dear Sir, yours truly,

J. GrOOSSEN.

[We have to thank Mr. Goossen for the information contained above, part
of which we have previously mentioned on page 223 of this number. We
only receive his communication as we are going to press, the letter having
been delayed in transit; hence must leave the additions to our chronicle
until next month, by which time our correspondent will perhaps be enabled
to kindly send us specimens of the other varieties of stamps and cards that
he alludes to. — Ed.]

Owing to the absence from town of the Assistant Secretary, we are
compelled to withhold until our next issue the publication of the
Minutes of the London Philatelic Society.

X. Y. Z. — Our columns are open to any collector, and we should be
pleased to insert a letter on the subject you name, which has our full
sympathy.

G. M., Great Malvern. — We have your letter, and should be glad if
you will kindly forward the specimens mentioned for examination as
you kindly suggest. The British Honduras that you describe water-
marked with a large double-lined letter "E " is simply one of the stamps
on the outside of the sheet containing a portion of the word " postage."
This marginal inscription is frequently met with on the colonial stamps.

W. W. — We are much obliged for your information.

1. — The \ anna is quite genuine.

2. — Every collector follows his own bent as to the number of shades
to be retained. We prefer a fair number, especially where a country is
" specialised."

3. — Unused and used stamps can of course be mixed in sets without
detriment — the collection of both is a difficult matter.

4. — No collection is worth making or even looking at that does not
pay a proper regard to arrangement according to date of issue, values, &c.

Theodor Buhl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

§;itit IpitilatitHit $W<k

Vol. XIII. NOVEMBER, 1891. No. 155.

HE appearance of a fresh edition of M. Moens' world-
famed catalogue is at once a welcome and an important
event in the Philatelic world ; it is indeed another
link in the chain that binds the present with the past,
and in truth the history of the several catalogues pub-
lished by the enterprising Belgian firm — the doyen of
stamp dealers — runs parallel with almost all that pertains
to our science since its inception. It is curiously illustrative of
M. Moens' Philatelic progress to compare the first catalogue
New Catalogue, published by M. Moens' with the latest. A truly
modest and unpretentious little work is the former, with its sixty-
five pages, some four inches square, the date of issue being January,
1862. In the introduction the author, while modestly guarantee-
ing the absolute correctness of the manual, expresses the hope that
a future date may see the issue of the second edition, in which
any further information obtainable may be incorporated. It will
be readily imagined that thirty years ago the knowledge of the
few then existing stamps was of a very embryonic character,
and M. Moens' expectation of future editions has not been
falsified ; for example, in the case of the stamps of British Guiana,
which in this little catalogue comprise no less than seven stamps !
The 4 cents, blue, of 1853, with the solid background, and the six
perf. values of 1862, were all the varieties then discovered, all the
great rarities that are now known being in those days below the
Philatelic horizon. That prolific stamp - issuing country — New
Grenada, was content to number six distinct varieties ! The
entire continent of Asia included only thirty stamps, and that of
Oceania but double this number, even inclusive of the 2d.,

250 M. MOENS' NEW CATALOGUE.

" black/' Sydney ! The brief record of the Moldavian stamps then
known consists of but four values, one of which was a " 62 p.
green." Wurtemburg had in those ancient days a scanty array of
stamps, the Oldenburgs were in issue, and the Provisional blue
Naples had but shortly before ceased from circulation. Another
generation of collectors has sprung up since those days, to whom
this must seem legendary in the extreme ; but the scythe of Father
Time has yet kindly spared a few votaries of the science, who have
lived through these epochs, and realize the widely-altered circum-
stances that obtain in making a catalogue of stamps in this year of
grace 1891.

This little brochure, published by M. Moens in 1862, was
followed in 1864 by another, embracing 1931 varieties, and by
others until, in the last and sixth edition, published in 1883, no
less than 43,158 stamps were chronicled. It is, however, probable
that in the present edition this stupendous total may not be
reached, as, in deference to the practically unanimous vote of his
subscribers, M. Moens has decided to omit the fiscal stamps. The
wisdom of this step needs no vindication at our hands, and we, in
common with other collectors, can but exclaim, " Better late than
never !" "From a perusal of the first number of the new catalogue,
to which we allude elsewhere, it is, however, fully evident that
the proportions of the present catalogue, even without the fiscal
intruders, will attain sufficiently imposing dimensions, as 84 pages
do not suffice more than to partially complete Ceylon : this, with
the 24 pages, containing 700 illustrations, combine to make a full
initial number, and to presage a " goodly tome " before the volume
is complete.

The reputation of the Brussels firm has been worthily main-
tained for the third of a century, and we are glad to congratulate
them on the fact that the present issue shows that age has
brought no diminution of their philatelic or commercial faculties.
The name of Moens has always been a household word with
collectors, so that their present work will be welcomed as much as
a vade mecum by the present generation of philatelists, as were the
former editions by their predecessors. In the best interests of
philately we have, therefore, the greatest pleasure in extending a
warm welcome to the catalogue of a firm whose name has always
been synonymous with commercial integrity and scientific know-
ledge, and we can, therefore, tender at once our congratulations to
M. Moens on the commencement of his latest and prodigious

NEW PHILATELIC SOCIETIES. 251

enterprise, with our hopes that its success may be commensurate
with the labour involved.

It has long been an acte d'' 'accusation against the inhabitants of
New Philatelic this country that they love to separate themselves from

Societies, their fellow-kind, and cultivate the ungregarious instinct,
nor, to judge by a minor habit, is this accusation pointless if one
observes the usual process of rilling a passenger train — the careful
selection of a corner in a carriage alone being the first desideratum,
then, when each compartment has its occupant, the slow filling up
each corner, and finally the evident reluctance to make one of the
full complement in any carriage. So with another minor habit —
in the eyes of the outer world — philately. Collectors here have in
bygone days carefully shrouded themselves from the gaze of
their brethren ; while dealers have religiously guarded the names
of their customers — both classes perhaps actuated by the fear of
competition or jealousy — as needless as it is paltry. There has,
however, been a steady development, during the past decade, of
fraternity, not to say cosmopolitanism, among Philatelists that bids
fair to eventually give us islanders some of the advantages reaped
by the wide-reaching co-operation of collectors across the Channel.
We cannot of course expect, as in Germany, to find a flourishing
society in every town with over 50,000 inhabitants ; but we can
and do expect to see a further development of scientific associa-
tions for the due study and advancement of "our hobby." It
will be seen elsewhere in our present issue that another society
has now been started in addition to those of Manchester, Leeds,
Birmingham, Edinburgh, &c. — the Brighton and Sussex Philatelic
Society — and we have much pleasure in extending a hearty welcome
to our new recruit. It will be seen that there are already a fair
number of members, while the fact that several of these are also
members of the London Society should add to its prestige, and
increase its member roll. The Hon. Secretary has been good
enough to furnish us with the reports of the first meeting, and
has expressed the wish of his committee that the column of the
Record should receive the reports as they appear. We shall be
happy to insert these, and aid as far as our humble abilities go
in furthering the welfare of the Brighton and Sussex Philatelic
Society, to which we beg to wish a prosperous and extended career.

155a

252 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

ADHBSIVBS.

Angola. — Mr. J. N. Marsden sends to our publishers two
"stamps" that he dubs Newspaper Franks. They consist of a
large double transverse oval imprinted in black, apparently by a
handstamp, containing within the outer band formed by the two
ovals the inscription in thin block capitals direccao dos correios
above and provincia de angola beneath, a small ornament dividing
the two legends left and right. In the centre is the date — "13
Mar. 90." One specimen has the words jornaes stamped above
and " 2 J Eeis " below the aforementioned date ; or, we should say,
intended to be. We hope the Angolese P.O. officials are teetotalers,
although, to put the kindest interpretation upon the case, the
" stamper " must have been blessed with a crooked eye ! The
type of the last-named inscription is Eoman capitals, whereas the
second specimen has the like words in the same uncertain position
in large red lower-case with an initial capital, but different figures
of value, either 2*5 or 25 reis. We are unaware of the exact
significance of these stamps. We can only state that their ex-
treme simplicity would allow their imitation with any ordinary
rubber stamp, and that if they are allowed to have any franking
value the intelligent Angolese can send his newspapers through the
post with his own " native die " at a minimum of initial cost and
without risk of detection ! However, in the hope that our corres-
pondent will further enlighten us on the subject, we note :

2| reis, black ; handstamp for newspapers.

2.5 (?) reis, red and black ; handstamp for newspapers.

Austrian Levant. — Our publishers send us
one of the recent additions to the current Austrian
set with the Orientalising overprint. It will be
noted from our illustration that the two surcharges
at different angles present a somewhat bizarre
appearance.

2 piastres on 20 kr., olive-green.

Bermuda. — The halfpenny value of the 1880 type has appeared
in a new garb ; viz. :

^d., green ; wmk. CA and Crown ; perf. 14.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 253

Bhopal. — The Monthly Journal informs us that the "rect-
angular type has been redrawn for the #th time, giving us a fresh
sheet of 32 types of the J anna value. The majority of the
varieties are plainly lettered b. l. g. i. in the corners, instead of
b. l. c. i. All have nwab for nawab. The fourth stamp in the
second row is inscribed sah or hah for shah (the first letter is a
smudge, and there are only three in all) ; and one specimen on our
sheet appears to lack the last stroke of the M of begam, making it
look like a badly-formed n, but this may be only defective
printing. We have seen this on the usual greyish wove paper,
and imperf. only. Le Timbre Poste gives the same perf. also."

i a. , bright red ; 32 new txjpes lettered nwab.
\ a. „ error sah.

British Central Africa. — We illustrate the

stamps described last month.

British East Africa. — The new value men-
tioned in the last Record has apparently not been
deemed in its normal state sufficient to satisfy the
cravings of the gentle Afrikander in the philatelic
line, so it has been produced without perforation
between, and also imperforate, while three other values have
appeared in the last unfinished condition. We have little confi-
dence in all these varieties, our impression, as regards a very large
proportion of these African Companies' prolific issues, being that
they are made for collectors and not for postage. They can pay
postage, and hence, no doubt, collectors will take them, and do, or
they would probably not be printed ! Ghacun a son gout !

2 1 annas, black on yellow ; imperf. on one side.

H „ „ „ imperf.

4 „ brown „

8 „ blue „

1 rupee, rose-red „

British Guiana. — Mr. George Marshall has been good enough
to send us a specimen of the British Guiana large 24 c. green stamp
perforated 10, bearing the postmark January 23, 1867, from which
fact it will be seen that this issue dates back from that assigned
in the Philatelic Society's recently issued work.

British Honduras. — The ways of the Post-office authorities
here are as hard to understand as their indigenous mahogany !
We have two new varieties of surcharge from our publishers
which seem to indicate that — the sweets of surcharging having been
once tasted — the palate requires further supplies ! The first is the
3d., blue, with the 6 cents overprinted in black, having the
numeral barred out in reel, and superseded above by large red
figures 15 ; the second also is the 3d., brown, converted to 3 cents
by the surcharge, and now again altered to five cents by a hori-
zontal black line traversing the numeral, with the addition above

254

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

of "five" in upright black Eoman capitals of similar size to that
previously existing.

5 c, black surcharge on 3 cents, black on red-brown ; watermark CA and
Crown ; perf. 14.
15 c, red surcharge on 6 cents, black on blue; wmk. CA and Crown;
perf. 14.

Colombia. — In our remarks last month on the recent discovery
of Mr. Clotz, we have given the date of Mr. Castle's former pair
of stamps, 5 and 20 c, se tenant, as 1859. This, as the context
shows, is a misprint, the issue being, of course, the second, and the
date 1860.

Mr. Stanley Castle has received a specimen of the 20 centavos,
purple, error repulica, in an imperforate condition, which we have
not yet seen mentioned in the leading current catalogues. The
stamp in question was received by our correspondent through a
firm of merchants in the ordinary course of business, and bears
the date of " Sep. 25, 1891."

20 c, purple on bluish ; error eepulica ; imperforate.

Congo (French). — The Tiinbre-Poste has received four stamps
which it deems somewhat of an enigmatical nature. All are
obliterated "Libreville, 26 August, 1891," but are each different
except as regards the inscription. They are engraved on wood, and
are rectangular in shape, with the word Postes above and Congo
Francaise below, extending across the stamp, the latter words being
surmounted by a small label bearing the value. Congo artistic
taste has developed the designs respectively of a branch of a
Banana tree, a Palm tree, the French flag, and the head of a
negro. We yearn philatelically for an inspection of this olla
podrida. 5 centSj black ; new type.

10 „

15 ,, ,, ,,

25 „

Curacao. — We append an illustration of the
stamp described on page 222.

DiegO Suarez. — Not to be behind the times,
Diego has blossomed out into philatelic loveliness
in the guise of a new stamp bearing a striking
effigy of a goddess armed cap a pie, and having a
sun shedding his rays for her alone. Diego
Suarez proudly proclaims its possessorship by
those words imprinted above, while it gracefully yields its alle-
giance to the Grande Patrie by inscribing on the right and left
the legend " Eepublique Francaise," and even deigns to add the value
and the word " Poste." The impressions are produced by lithography,
and we hear that only 3000 specimens exist, so we fear that many
a modern Telemaehus will sigh for his Calypso !

, aj\j\r\juTJTJirju\JUUT-P_r

\^L^L^L^L^u^J^XlJ~L^u^fuv■l^u '

5 c, black on white ; new type.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

255

Falkland Islands. — In addition to the variety of the recent
provisional with the double surcharge, chronicled on page 222 of
the Record, our publishers have the surcharge reversed.

£d., black surcharge on half of Id. lake, surcharge reversed.

Fiji. — We illustrate the stamp described last
month.

Guadelope. — The French Colonies are going the
pace ; luckily it cannot last, as their time is short, or
we should have no room to chronicle anything else.
The illustrissimo Signer, the Governor of Guade-
lope, having relieved his official mind by the usual
declarations, statutes, ordinances, and proclamations, the post-
master has been allowed to issue, and the collecting world allowed
to buy, the following choice little lot of varieties, which we
gather partly from our publishers and partly from our Belgian
contemporary.

The surcharge, we should add, is in small black capitals,
extending across the stamp horizontally, with a line beneath.

1 c. , black on blue. Current French Colonial type.

2 c, brown on bistre

4 c. , violet on blue

5 c, green on greenish
10 c, black on violet
15 c, blue on pale blue
20 c, brick on green
25 c. , black on rose
35 c, black on orange
40 c. , vermilion on bistre
75 c. , carmine on rose

1 fa, bronze on green
30 a, brown. Head of Liberty.
80 c, carmine „

Errors (!) (a) Gnadeloupe.
1 c. , black on blue. Current type.
4 c, violet „
10 c, black on violet
15 c, blue on pale blue
40 c, vermilion on bistre
75 c, carmine on rose
30 c, brown. Head of Liberty.
80 c, carmine „

(6) GlTADELONPE.

20 c, brick on green. Current Colonial type.
25 c. , black on rose „

2 c, brown on bistre. Current Colonial type.

5 c, green on greenish „

20 c, brick on green „

25 c, black on rose „

35 c. „ on orange „

1 fr., bronze on green „

Guadeloupe is not bad, but Guadeloupe beats it, and, as the
Daily Press has it, " we await further developments."

256

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Holland. — We give an illustration of the new girl-queen Type,
described last month (p. 223), and mentioned in Mr. Goosen's
letter in the same number. The values mentioned in the latter
seem to be gradually coming into use, some of them having been
seen by us. The I. B. J. mentions another — the |ruuuuuuyyuyHHi9
7 J c. , red-brown — and we also hear of higher values.
The colours of the other values will be 10 c, rose;
15 c, brown ; 20 c, green ; 22J, grey-green ; 25 c,
violet; 50c, light brown.

We chronicle the only other value we have as
yet seen. 12i c>j g^y . new type ; perf. 13.

j\j-\ru-\j~u~u u~u~ u~uru~!J~!

Mauritius. — Mr. Cheveley kindly sends us specimens of three
varieties of surcharge on the stamps of this island,
one being that described in our last number (water-
watermark CC and Crown), while the other two
j| consist of the current 4 and 38 cents, with the
super-imposition of two cents in upright black
Roman capitals at the foot of the stamp. We
illustrate the latter.

2 c, black surcharge on 4 c, rose, current type; watermark CA and

Crown ; perf. 14.
2 c. , black surcharge on 38 c. mauve, current type ; watermark CA and

Crown ; perf. 14.

New South Wales. — Mr. W. H. Maunder has sent us a pair
of the current 3d. stamps perforated 10, and surcharged o.s. in
black, that have the watermark (NSW and Crown) printed side-
ways; i.e., vertically, instead of horizontally. As far as we are
aware this is a fresh variety, and may of course have been an
accident ; if not it will doubtless be found on the unsurcharged
stamp.
3d., green, current issue, surcharged o.s ; perf. 10 ; ivatermark sideways.

r^^™>z Nossi-Be. — We illustrate the
stamps described in the last number
of the Record.

Parma. — Reference has been
made on more than one occasion >
in these columns_ to the "find"rt|
u£u w wC-w^wi* v-1 j" of marvellous varieties of double- trvwoww^^
printing tete-beche, &c, and it will be remembered that we have
strongly denounced these "discoveries" as either forgeries or
"reprints" that differ from the original die! Some of our cor-
respondents, however, on the Continent — vendors and buyers — have
impugned the conclusions we arrived at. We are, however, now
indebted to Messrs. Stanley Gibbons and Co., Limited, for the
following official information, which should clear up all doubts on
the subject :

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 257

Rome, November 15th} 1891.
Kingdom of Italy.
Minister of Posts and Telegraphs. — Postal Service.
Library, No. 276,106.
Sir, — In reply to your letter of September 14th last I have the honour
to inform you that, after a careful examination of the stamps of the former
Duchy of Parma, here enclosed, they have been recognized as reprints, and
not authentic stamps, with the exception of the 5 centimes, which is
authentic on the face only, whilst the impression on the back is also false.
I ought to add, for your instruction, that there is nothing strange in the
fact that the false stamp has been printed tete-beche to the others, it being
proved that even the authentic stamps of Parma have been so printed.
Believe me, Sir, yours very truly,

(Signed) Comyns, Under-Secretary of State.
Mr. Stanley Gibbons, 8, Gower Street, London, W.C.

Puttialla. — We hear of the service stamp of the lowest de-
nomination with the surcharge no longer bi-coloured, but all in
black. Service Stamp. \ anna, black surcharge only.

Reunion. — Messrs. Whitfield King and Co. write : " We send
you enclosed a sheet of 50 of each of the two
provincial Reunions, 2 c. and 15 c. on 20 c, for
you to note the varieties, especially the third on
the top row printed runion. This error does not
occur on every sheet of 50. We fancy they are
printed in sheets of 150, so that it would be only
on every third sheet of 50. They are all issued
in sheets of 50 only, so we cannot refer to a
sheet of 150."

The setting-up of the surcharge, which is, of course, similar to
that described last month, and is here illustrated, seems most irregular
and casual, as we note numerous other varieties besides those
pointed out by our correspondents. On the sheet of 2 c, for
example, some of the letters of the word Reunion are to be found
both above and below the remainder; while the "02 c." varies
even more in this respect, and the "c" is present in distinct types.
On the 15 c. the same remarks apply; while the 39th stamp is
distinctly " reunio," and the 45th " peunion."

Errors. 2 c. on 20 "runion."
15 c. on 20 ,,

„ "reunio."

„ "peunion."

Roumania. — Messrs. Eidpath and Co. call our attention to the
fact that the perforations of the current stamps vary, and send the
3 and 5 bani, gauging 11 J. We have in our own collection other
variations, some being compound, and mention the fact in order
that some industrious philatelist may set to work and give us a
list of what are known to exist.

Sweden. — Another value of the handsome set now happily
coming into currency has appeared ; to wit —

30 c, chestnut ; new type, perf. 14.
155&

258

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Turkey. — The accompanying illustration shows
what the new type already mentioned will be like.

Venezuela. — Mr. E. Marshall has sent us
a variety of the Escuelas series that we do not
remember to have seen noted ; namely, the
5 bolivars, with a small perforation on one side,
presenting a serrated appearance, and possibly
arising from a double perforating.

5 bolivars, blue ; Escuelas series, with small serrated perforations on
one side.

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Envelopes.

Holland. — "We have from our publishers the new envelope with
the die of the august little lady on it exactly similar to the new
adhesives, and in all other respects like the lately current envelope.
5 c., blue, new type, on white wove paper.

Leeward Islands. — In addition to the information given on
page 206 of the Record as to the new registration envelopes, we
are now enabled to state, thanks to the Monthly Journal, that the
stamp on the flap is similar to that of the Straits Settlements
registered covers, but has the inner circle dotted, and the outer
ornamented, the inscription being leeward islands registration
twopence, and the sizes G and H2.

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.

Denmark. — The Monthly Journal says that a correspondent
sends some varieties of the post cards of this country, of which
the following seems to be new. It is the current 5 + 5 ore card,
with the stamp on the reply half having small numerals in the
corners, while that on the first half is of the ordinary type.
5 + 5 ore, green on buff ; variety.

Holland. — Oar publishers send us the post card, counterpart of
the envelope described in this number, with the Queen's effigy,
which we illustrate, and need not therefore further describe beyond
stating the dimensions, which are 139 x 92 mm.
5 c , dark blue on blue ; new type.

BRIEFKAART

(CARTE POSTAbE)

ALGEKECNC PdSTVCBKNIGlUC (VIIOV FBttU BIIIVEICSELlt)
Jiji. not h.t tint b..t.md. C Cote rcsirri a I'cdreue )

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

259

New Zealand. — We have received from our publishers two
official cards. The design consists of a fancy spiral border within
two lines, with square ornaments at each corner; the words on
one specimeu, " On Post Office Business Only," in the upper centre
in lower-case; and on the other, "Colonial and Foreign Parcel
Post." Both bear the royal Arms in the centre, with "New
Zealand" immediately beneath in small block capitals, a square
frame inscribed "Date Stamp" to right, and the word "To" with
three lines for the address.

Official Cards. Post Office, black on white ; without expressed value.
Parcel Post, black on buff ,, „

Several contemporaries have recently chronicled a 5d. post card,
which seems to our unenlightened mind such a " black swan " that
we must see it before our incredulity can be dispersed.

Paraguay. — We illustrate the latest addition to the letter-
cards of this country, of which there are two values, bearing the
impression of the 1867 stamp, with the inscriptions in the same
colours; the paper is white, and the size 141 x 86.

Letter Cards. 2 cents, carmine. 3 cents, blue.

REPUBLICA DELpARAGUAY.
CARTA-TARJETA POSTAL.

Perak. — An official card seems to have been issued here, pace
the Philatelist, bearing the inscription in Gothic, "On Govern-
ment Service," and in Roman capitals, " Perak — Post Card — the
Address," etc.

Official Card. Post Office, black (on white ?) ; without expressed value.

Victoria. — Messrs. Rid path and Co. send us two new varieties,
caused by the recent Postal changes of tariff. The first is the
current Id. reply card, with the addition, immediately under the
word postcard, of "Universal Postal Union" in thick Roman
capitals, the value of the stamp being crossed out by two hori-
zontal lines, and surcharged in large upright figures " 1 J," the
like being on the reply half. The second is the current " 2d."
long sea-route card, treated in a similar manner, except that the
words Universal Postal Union are imprinted at the top of the card,
above the inscription, and the words " For the United Kingdom "
and " By the long sea route " are lined through. The whole of
the additional printing on both cards is in red.

l^d., violet on buff, surcharged in red on current Id. value.

2d., blue-grey on drab, ,, ,, 2d. ,,

155c

260

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA,

By M. P. CASTLE.

(::.:': ■: ,7 .-".■;-. .-■;■;■■: ::;o

Surcharge in
Bed.

2d., orange.
6d.. lilac-blue.

(?)

I. B.-

-IN8PECTOB OF SHEEP.
(a) Rouletted.
Black.

2d., orange. Type II.

2d.

[S.A. and Crown.)

(b) ROULETTED AND PeSFOBATED 1H.

| 6d., dark blue.

Query (c), (d), and (e.)

Blue.
(?)

(?)

iVote. — Only two values— 2d. and 6d. — have been found among these at
present, and it is hardly likely that a full set exists.

r,-ge in
Bed.

Id., green.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.

Is., brown.

(:.

4d.

slate,

11|

10x11 J,

L. A. -LUNATIC ASYLUM.

(a) Rouxetted.

Black.

2s., carmine.

Query {b) and (c.)

(d) Peefobated 10.
2d., orange. Type II.
4<L, slateT

(e) Compound Perforation.
I (?) I

Surcharge in
Red.
2d., orange.

6d.. lilac-Dlue.

(?)

L. C— LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.

2d. Type II. (S.A. and
Crown i .

(b) ROULETTED AND PEBFOBATED 10.

I 2d., orange. Tvpe II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

Query (c), (d), and (e.)

Bluet

(?)

Note.— Only one value in the two types denotes a very small use
apparently, although the dated specimens known range over three yean.
I have the first 2d both with and without the second stop. The 3d. blue
has been seen with a red surcharge, but is very doubtful.

2-6

LA.

a.^.i.jigiiTig

X4>

■ "•"'■' :';^ ■■- ,

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

261

L. L.— LEGISLATIVE LIBRARY.

Sui

2d.
6d.

charge in
Bed.
, orange (A. and B.)

lilac-blue (A. and

B.)

(a) Rouletted.

Black.

(?)

Blue
(?)

(?)

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED.

1 (?) 1 (?)

4d.

slate (B.)

1 (?)

(?)

(d) Perforated 10.

1 (?)

(?)

(e) Compound Perforation

i 4d., slate, lljxl2 \
(?B.)

(?)

Note.— Two varieties of the surcharge are found here :
(A. ) With letters close and one period at end.
(B.) „ „ apart and with period after each.

The designation of these initials seems doubtful.

L. T.— LAND TENURE.

Surcharge in
Bed.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

(a) Rouletted.

Black.

2d., orange. Type II.

(?)
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.) -
Is., brown (?).

Blue.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

(?)

(b) Rouletted and Perforated 11|.
| 6d.5 dark blue. |

(?)

4d., slate.

| 4d. , slate. |
(d) Perforated 10.

(?)

2d., orange. Type II.

(V. and Crown.)
4d. , slate.
6d. , dark blue.

(?)

4d., slate, 11^x12^.

(e) Compound Perforation.

4d., slate, 11| x 10 on 3
sides, 10xll|xl2|,
lOxlli ll|xl2|.

Note. — The 6d. {a) is found with the second stop (after T) omitted. The
perforations of the 4d. (e) seem in this issue to be more compound than ever !
and the colour varies from greyish to deep slate. I have a 2d. with the
V. and Crown postmarked as late as° July 10th, 1S74. The Is. (a) with
black surcharge is a curious variety, and must be accepted with reserve.

262

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

Surcharge in
Bed.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., red.

M.— MILITIA (?).

{a) ROULETTED.

Black.

Blue.
(?)

Note.-

2s., carmine.
Query (6), (c), (d), and (e.)
No other than the roulettes seem to have been heard of, and as all

the specimens I have are dated 1868, the issue would seem to have stopped
here.

Surcharge in

Med.

Id.

, green.

2d.

orange.

4d.

slate.

6d.

lilac-blue

Is.,

brown.

(?)

(?)
(?)

M. B.— MEDICAL BOARD.

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.
Id., green.

2d., orange. Type II.
2d.

(S.A. and Crown.)

9d.,

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED 11^

| Is., brown.

Is., brown.

[d) Perforated 10.
| 4d. , slate.

Blue.
lilac.

(?)
(?)

(e) Compound Perforation.
4d. , slate, 10 on 3 sides by

114, 114xl2i, lOxllJ,

10x114x12^.
6d., dark blue, 11^x124,

10 x 12i, 10 on 3

by 11J.
Is., brown, 10xll|.

Note. — The 9d. lilac occurs here as in the case of the letters P. S., and
the five red surcharges in (a) are all present ; as in the preceding letter the
perforations are very complex.

Surcharge in
Bed.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.

(?)

M. R.— (?) MARINE REGISTRY.

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.
2d., orange. Type II.
4d., dark slate.
6d., blue.

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED llg.

I Is., brown. |

Blue.
(?)

(?)

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

263

(?)

(d) Perforated 10.
2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
Id., dark green.
Id., green, 10x11^,

1Hx124.

(?)

(e) Compound Perforation.
(?) | 4d., slate, 11J x 12£. | (?)

Note.— The exact designation of M. R. has yet to be discovered. I have
distinguished the colour of the 4d. (a), as all the specimens in my collection
are of a full and dark shade, quite different from that of the slate-grey of
the early fourpennies, either rouletted or perforated.

M. R. G.— MANAGER RAILWAY, GAMBIERSTOWN.

Surcharge in
Bed.
(?)

(a) Rouletted.

Black.

(?)

Blue.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

(?)

Query (b), (c), and (e.

id) Perforated 10.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

Note. — This office is notable as having three initial letters. It would be
interesting to know why one railway manager should especially have the use
of these official stamps. Possibly it was only a temporary service, and only
the 2d. value so used.

N. T.— (?}.

(a) Rouletted.
Black.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

Query (b), (c), and (e.)
(d) Perforated 11£.
6d., blue.
Is., brown.

Surcharge in
Bed.
(?)

(?)

Blue.
(?)

(?)

Note. — The significance of these letters has not yet been ascertained.
Like the last letters, it may have signified the superintendence of some work,
e.g., tramway, with a corresponding short issue of stamps.

0.— (?) ORDNANCE.

Note.— I have been unable to find any one possessing a specimen with
this letter, nor do I know how it came to be inserted in the Oceania list. It
may have been caused by the omission of a letter in P. 0., 0. S., or 0. A.

0. A.— OFFICIAL ASSIGNEE.

Surcharge in
Bed.
(?)

4d., slate.

(a) Rouletted.

Black.

(?)

Query (6.)

Blue.
2d., orange. Type II
(S.A. and Crown.)

(?)

264

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

(d) Perforated 10.
(?) 2d., orange. Type II. (?)

S.A. and Crown.)
4d.. slate.

Query (e.)

Note.— A very short list of two values. If the translation of the letters is
correct the Official Assignee's office must be a light one compared with that
of this country !

P. -POLICE.

Surcharge in (a) Rouletted.

Bed.

(?)

•

2d.

Black.
orange. Type II.

Blue.

2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
6d. , lilac-blue.

(''

(?)
(?)

[S.A. and Crown.)
6d.,blue.

(6) Rouletted and Perforated.
2d., orange. Tvpe II.
(S.A. and Crown) ;
(perf. 10.)
6d., dark lilac -blue;
(perf. Uf.)

[e] Perforated 1H.

(?) I

(d) Perforated 10.
2d., orange. Type II
(S.A. and Crown.)
2d., orange. Type II

V. and Crown.)
6d., dark blue.

(e) Compound Perforation.
2d., orange. Type II.
S.A. and (Sown),
11^x10, 10 on 3 sides
by lift, '

Note. — The red surcharges are all absent here. There seems to have been
considerable use for the 2d., especially of the later series. The V. and Crown
watermark is more frequently met with here than on any other surcha: r

P. A PBOTECTOB OB ABORIGINES.

Surcharge in {a) Rouletted.

Bed. Black.

2d., orange. 2d., orange. Type II. 1 (?)

2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
6d., blue.

(6) Rouletted and Perforated llf.

6d.,blue. | (?) | (?)

Query (c) and (e. )

(d) Perforated 10.

(?) I 2d., orange-red. Type II. I (?)

S.A. and Crown.)

Note. — Two values only appear here, which would seem to corroborate the
accuracy of the meaning assigned to the letters, as there cuuld not have been
many aborigines to pre :

4.o

£+6

lagyyygaBMaa

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

265

Surcharge in
Red.
Id., green.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

(?)

P. 0.— POST OFFICE.

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.
6d. , lilac-blue.

Blue.
2d., orange.
2d. , orange. Type II.
(S. A. and Crown) (?).

(?)

Is., brown.

(6) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED.

2d., orange. Type II. (?)

(S.A. and Crown);

(perf. 10.)
Is., brown, (perf. 11J.)

(d) Perforated 10.
2d., orange. Type II. (?)

(S.A. and Crown.)
Is., brown.

(e) Compound Perforation.

(?) I Id., green, lOxllJ. I (?)

| Is., brown ,,

Smaller blue surcharge about 4 vwi. high.

2d., orange. Type II. (S.A. and Crown), lOxllJ.

Note.— I have a variety of the 2d. watermark S.A. and Crown, perf.
HJxlO, with a small blue surcharge about 3^ mm. in height by 7| in
breadth (inclusive of the period), and closely resembling the A. previously
referred to, except as to colour. I quite believe in its authenticity, as the
postmark seems to be clearly over the surcharge, and I have had it many
years in my possession.

The sets are not so full here as might be expected, from the fact of this
being the initial of the Post Office itself.

Surcharge in
Red.
Id., green.
2d., orange.
Is., brown.

Id., dark green.
4d., slate.

P. S.— PRINCIPAL SECRETARY.

{a) ROULETTED.

Black.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
6d., lilac-blue.
9d., lilac.

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED 11£.

| Is., brown. |

9d., lilac.

(d) Perforated 10.
Id., green.
2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)

3d., blue, with black sur-
charge of value on 4d.

3d., blue, with red sur-
charge of value on 4d.

4d., slate.

6d. , dark blue.

Blue.
(?)

(?)

266

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

4&, slate, Hi xl2£.

(e) Compound Perforation

4d., slate, ll|xl2|.
9d., lilac, H|xl2i.
10d., yellow (black sur-
charge on 9d.), 10 x 11|.

-Vote. — This is perhaps the most varied and interesting set of all the
lettered stamps, as varieties are found that are absent from the others. As
mentioned in my introductory remarks, it seems that the correspondence of
this office would be of a very important character, and one necessitating
many letters to foreign shores. This is borne out by the fact that the use of
these particular stamps apparently extended over a longer period than the
others, the earliest dated specimen I have seen being May 25th, 1S6S, and
the latest April, 1S76. I have seen a copy of the 10d., apparently bearing
the figures 78, but am not prepared to vouch for them. There 'seems to
have been a distinct demand for a 3d. rate, as three varieties, both of this
and of the 9d., are found. The specimen of the former, with the red sur-
charge, is in the National Collection, and was, I know, ' ' passed " and duly
estimated by Mr. Tapling ; and at least one other copy has been seen
recently. This stamp, as also the lOd. yellow (surcharged in black on the
9d.). is found with no other lettering. Thus, while there seems to have
been small demand for the Id. while the 2s. is entirely absent, there are
seven of what I may call the abnormal values, and the collection of the
whole of these will be found a very difficult task.

Surcharge in
Red.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

(?)

6d., dark blue, 10

P. W.— PUBLIC WORKS.

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.
2d., orange. Tvpe II.
2d. „ * „

(S.A. and Crown.)
6d., dark blue.

Query (6), (c), and (e.)

(d) Perforated 10.
1 2d., orange. Type II. 1
(S.A. and Crown.)

(e) Compound Perforation.
Hi I (?) I

Blue.
(?)

(?)

:?)

Note.— The second stop is absent on the red surcharges (a) on the 6d.
and Is. values. Only the 2d. value seems to have been used besides these—
if the former were used at all — the specimens in my collection not having
passed the post.

R. B.— ROAD BOARD.

Surcharge in
Red.
Id., green.
2d., orange.
6d. , lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

(a) ROULETTED.

Blacl:
2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.
2s., carmine.

Blue.
(?)

Id., green.

(6) ROULETTED AND PERFORATE
1 (?)

D 1H.

(?)

4,1.. slate-grey.

(?)

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

267

(d) Perforated 10.

(?) Id., green. . (?)

2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
2d., orange. Type II.

(V. and Crown.)
4d., slate.

Query (e.)

Note.— The 2d., Type II. (S.A. and Crown), (a), is found with the letter-
ing close together and without any stops, occupying a width of about 8 mm.,
as against 10J mm. on the ordinary surcharge, otherwise the letters are
exactly similar.

Surcharge in
Bed.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

(?)

R. G.— REGISTRAR-GENERAL.

(<z) ROULETTED.

Black.
I 2d., orange. Type II

2d.

Blue.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

(?)

(S.A. and Crown.)

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED.

2d., orange. Type II. 6d., blue.

(S.A. and Crown) ;

(perf. 10.)
6d., blue (perf. 11|.)
Is., brown (perf. ll|.)

Query (c.)
(d) Perforated 10.
2d., orange. Type II. (?)

(S.A. and Crown.)
2d., orange. Type II.

(V. and Crown.)
Is., brown.

(e) Compound Perforation

2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown),
10 x 11J, nixlO on
3 sides.

S.— SHERIFF.

(?)

Surcharge in
Bed.
6d., lilac-blue.

(a) Rouletted.
Black.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

Blue.
2d. , orange. Type II
(S.A. and Crown.)

(6) R(

>ULETTED AND PERFORATE]

» Hi

(?)

6d.,

blue.

(?)

6d., dark blue.
(d) Perforated 10.

(?)

2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
6d., dark blue.

(?)

(e) Compound Perforation.
4d., slate, lOxlli. | (?) | (?)

268

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

Note. — Only one variety of red surcharge. The variety of the 6d. (6)
seems, I admit, an unlikely one ; but I have carefully examined the specimen,
and see nothing against the surcharge — which, however, seems to have been
considerably forged, sets of almost all the values having been seen, as alas !
also many varieties of the other letters.

. C.-SUPREME COURT.

Surcharge in
Bed.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.

{a) ROULETTED.

Black.
(?)

Blue.
(?)

Query {b)} (c), and (e.)
(d) Perforated 10.
(?) I 2d., orange. Type II. I (?)

(S.A. and Crown.)

Note. — This is another scanty list. Possibly only the two varieties were
required, although their existence was a continued one, as I have seen the
2d. (d) postmarked as late as June 19th, 1874.

Surcharge in
Bed.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.

S. G.— SOLICITOR-GENERAL

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.
2d., orange. Type II

2d.

Blue.
2d. , orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

(6)

(?)

4d., slate-grey.
(?)

(?)

(S.A. and Crown.)
4d., slate (?).

ROULETTED AND PERFORATED 10.

I 2d., orange. Type II. I
I (S.A. and Crown.)

(d) Perforated 10.
2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
2d. Type II.

(V. and Crown.)
4d., slate.
6d., blue.

Compound Perforation.
4d., slate, 10 x 11|,

10 x 11^ on 3 sides.
6d., dark blue, 10x13,

11^x13.

Note.— The 2d. appears in no less than seven varieties and the 4d. in six.
There would seem to have been but three values employed.

S. M.— STIPENDIARY MAGISTRATE.

(e)

4d., slate, lljxl2£.

(?)

m
Bed.
Id., dark green.
2d., orange.
4d. , slate.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.
2d., orange. Type II.
2d. „

(S.A. and Crown.)
4d., slate.

Blue.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
4d., slate.

THE PHILATELIC PROTECTION ASSOCIATION.

269

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED.

(?) 2d., orange. Type II. (?)

(S.A. and Crown) ;
(perf. 10.)

6d. , dark blue and lilac-
blue (perf. 11!.)

Is., brown (perf. 11J.)

(d) Perforated 10.
(?) Id., green. (?)

2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
2d., orange. Type II.

(V. and Crown.)
4d., slate.

(e) Compound Perforation
Id., green, lljxl2i.
2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown), 10 on

3 sides by 11|, 10x11 J.
4d., slate (perf. ?.)

Note.— I have seen a variety of the 2d. (a), Type II. (S.A. and Crown),
with an imperfect double surcharge, as also other varieties that are of a more
or less suspicious nature. There is a full list with the normal red surcharges
complete — as also five varieties of the 4d. and eight of the 2d. The former
appears in (a) with each of the three colours of surcharge.
(To be continued.)

THE PHILATELIC PROTECTION ASSOCIATION,

8, Gower Street, London, W.C., 13^ November, 1891.
New Forgeries. Circular No. 3.

The Philatelic Protection Association hereby warn philatelists against
the following forgeries which have been brought under their notice since
the issue of the last circular :

Hanover. — 10 gr., green, made from the 2 gr., and heavily postmarked
over the value.

South Australia.— 3d. on 4d. with the black surcharge changed to
red. Ad. old type, with the star watermark obliterated and crown and
SA stamped in its place.

Trinidad. — 1851. Without value ; the red, purple-brown and blue
stamps made from the Mauritius stamps of similar type.

Great Britain. — Unperforated Id., red, watermarked small crown,
changed to the Id. bluish-black

Charles J. Phillips, Secretanj.

27<"> BRIGHTON AND SUSSEX PHILATELIC SOCIETY.

BRIGHTON AND SUSSEX PHILATELIC SOCIETY.

At a meeting of collectors held at "Kingston Lodge, Brighton, on the
1st November, it was unanimously agreed to form a Philatelic Society,
and that the following fifteen gentlemen do hereby incorporate them-
selves as '• The Brighton and Sussex Philatelic Society,'' with power to
add to their number :

M. P. Castle. | Henrv Griffith, i E. J. W. Sang.

S. 1L Castle.

H. Clark.

J. H. Escolme. J. H. Redman. A. de Worms.

J. W. Gillespie. Rev. E. H. Rogers. ' P. de Worms.

It was also unanimously agreed that Mr. W. T. Willett be nominated
Hon. Secretary -pro tern, to carry out the necessary steps for the further
formation and development of the Society.

Wm. Harrison. H. Stafford Smith.

W. H. Rean. W. T. Willett.

A meeting of the Brighton and Sussex Philatelic Society was held at
Kingston Lodge, Brighton, on Monday, November 16th, 1891. The
following members were present : — Messrs. M. P. Castle, S. M. Castle,
J. H. Redman, W. T. Willett, A. de Worms, H. Stafford Smith, H.
Clark, Rev. E. H. Rogers, J. W. Gillespie.

The following resolutions were put to the meeting and carried
unanimously : —

Proposed by Mr. J. W. Gillespie, and seconded by Rev. E. H. Rogers :
" That this meeting hereby confirm the action of the meeting of collec-
tors held at Kingston Lodge on the 1st November last, and agrees to
the incorporation of a Philatelic Society under the name of the Brighton
and Sussex Philatelic Society."

Proposed by Mr. J. H. Redman, and seconded by Mr. A. de Worms :
" That the following fifteen gentlemen form the original members of
this Societv— M. P. Castle, S. M. Castle, H. Clark, J. H. Escolme, J.
W. Gillespie, Henrv Griffith, Wm. Harrison, W. H. Rean, J. H. Red-
man, Rev. E. H. Rogers, E. J. W. Sang, H. Stafford Smith, W. T.
Willett, A. de Worms, P. de Worms."

Proposed bv Mr. J. H. Redman, and seconded bv Mr. M. P. Castle :
" That the best thanks of the meeting be given to Mr. W. T. Willett
for the trouble he has taken in the formation of the Society, and that
he be elected Hon. Secretary and Treasurer."

Proposed bv Mr. J. H. Redman, and seconded bv Mr. A. de Worms :
" That Mr. M. P. Castle be elected President."

Proposed by Mr. A. de Worms, and seconded by Mr. W. T. Willett :
" That Mr. J. H. Redman be elected Vice-President, and that the
following four gentlemen be elected to serve on the Committee —
Messrs. A. de W^ornis, H. Stafford Smith, J. W. Gillespie, J. H.
Escolme."

Proposed by Mr. J. H. Redman, and seconded by Mr. J. W. Gillespie :
" That the rules as proposed and amended be and are hereby adopted."

Proposed by Mr. W. T. Willett, and seconded by Mr. J. H. Redman:
"That the rules and reports of meetings be sent to the Philatelic
Record and Tlie Monthly Journal?

BRIGHTON AND SUSSEX PHILATELIC SOCIETY. 271

Proposed by Mr. M. P. Castle, and seconded by Mr. J. H. Redman :
" That a Sub-Committee be appointed to consider the place of meeting
of the next and subsequent meetings."

The following are the Rules and list of Officers, as submitted to us
by the Hon. Sec. :

COMMITTEE FOR THE YEAR 1891-92.

President — M. P. Castle.

Vice-President— J . H. Redman.

Hon. See. and Treasurer — W. T. "Willett.

A. De Worms. J. W. Gillespie.

H. Stafford Smith. J. H. Escolme.

RULES.

1. The Society was constituted to encourage and promote the study of
postage and telegraph stamps, stamped envelopes, newspaper and other
bands, and cards, and to undertake all such matters as may contribute to the
increase of the science and practice of Philately.

2. The Society shall consist, in the first instance, of the Committee
incorporated November 16th, 1891, and afterwards of collectors and others
interested in the subject, who shall be elected by ballot as provided by
Rule 3. Any gentleman over ,17 years of age shall be eligible.

3. Candidates for admission must be proposed and seconded by members
of the Society, balloted for, and elected by a majority of three-fourths of
those present and voting. For purposes of election, five members shall form
a quorum. The names of candidates, together with those of their respective
proposers and seconders, must be sent in to the Secretary at least ten days
before the meeting at which they are to come up for election.

4. A list of the members of the Society, as also reports of the proceed-
ings, shall be published in the Philatelic Record, or such other publications
as the Committee may direct.

5. If any charge or matter affecting the character or conduct of any
member shall be brought before the Committee, it shall be the duty of the
Committee, at a meeting summoned for this purpose, after giving full
opportunity to such member to deny or explain the charge, to expel or
remove such member whenever the Committee is satisfied that his character
or conduct is inconsistent with the objects or well-being of, or injurious to,
the Society. Two-thirds of those present must concur in any resolution to
that effect, and such resolution shall be subject to an appeal at the second
ordinary meeting of the Society following such expulsion ; or, in the case of
members residing abroad, at any ordinary meeting held within six weeks of
the date of such resolution, or at the first ordinary meeting held after the
expiration of such six weeks.

6. Members may at any time bring a friend with them to be present at a
meeting.

7. The affairs and business of the Society are conducted by a Committee
of seven members, viz. : — The President, Vice-President, Secretary, and
Treasurer, and four other members. For the purposes of a meeting of the
Committee, three shall form a quorum.

8. An annual general meeting of the Society shall be held in the month
of January, at which meeting the officers of the Society and members of the
Committee shall be elected to hold office for a period terminating with the
next annual general meeting ; but any office becoming vacant may be refilled
by election at any ordinary meeting upon notice being given. The first
annual general meeting shall, however, be held in January, 1893.

9. The annual subscription is five shillings.
10. The subscription is due on being admitted a member, and annually,
on the 1st January in each year in advance. Members elected after the 24th
June will only be called upon to pay half the current year's subscription.

272 REVIEWS.

11. All members who have not sent their subscriptions to the Treasurer by
the 1st April, or explained their not having done so to the satisfaction of the
Committee, will be considered to have resigned their membership.

12. Meetings for the present will be held in Brighton on alternate Mon-
days, or at such dates, time, and place as the Committee may appoint, of
which at least four days' previous notice shall be given by post.

13. Every member attending any meeting of the Society must bring his
bona fide collection of the stamps named for study at such meeting (due
notice thereof having been given) ; and a fine of one shilling shall be paid to
the Treasurer for each omission to do so ; in the absence of legitimate excuse
this fine will be rigidly enforced.

14. The Society at any ordinary meeting, upon notice given, with that of
the date of the meeting, can enter upon any special business, including
suspension or alteration of any of these rules, or the election of officers or
members of the Committee on the occasion of any vacancy occurring during
the current year of office.

|UtH£to^

M. MOENS' NEW CATALOGUE*

This long-heralded work has at last made its appearance, as regards the
initial number, and it is to be hoped that the succeeding parts may
follow in quick succession, now that the author has overcome the
difficulties inherent to making a start. There are several modifications
and alterations of the system previously adopted, by far the most
important of these being the elimination of fiscal stamps — a reform
that should have taken place long since, but will none the less be
heartily welcomed now by all the subscribers to the work. The size of
the book will be somewhat larger than the preceding issue — about one
inch in width and breadth — being what may be termed a large quarto.
The pages are, as before, divided into two columns, but the normal
varieties of each issue are set in larger type than the sub-varieties,
thus showing at a glance what exists in each case. There is, too, a
more frequent interspersal of notes on various points, which add at
once to the interest and the perspicuity of a catalogue, as without these
a mere recital of the varieties is but dry reading. The typography of
the book, as also the paper, are excellent, and quite in accord with the
long-sustained reputation of the issuing firm. The alphabetical
arrangement is adhered to as before, the names of non-European
countries being followed by their Continental location, while the illus-
trations of the types will be at the end of the work in the form of an
appendix. We are inclined to prefer the system adopted in the
excellent American catalogues now being published, whereby descrip-
tion and type illustration appear side by side, nor can we candidly say
that M. Moens' illustrations are so good as those of his Transatlantic
competitors. A feature that has our cordial approbation is the omission
to catalogue all German locals, than which, in our humble opinion, no
greater rubbish has ever been foisted on to the simple-minded collector
since the good old days when "118 different Hamburg locals" were given
as an equivalent for one shilling and sixpence sterling. The first part of
the catalogue will be devoted to adhesive postal and telegraph stamps,
while the later instalments will contain the ganzsachen — envelopes and
cards. — an arrangement that is a great improvement on the old system
of placing them together, which, with the fiscals already alluded to,
produced vanity and vexation of spirit to the students of the work.

* Catalogue Prix Courant de Timbres- Poste. Sixieme edition. J. B. Moens,
Brussels.

REVIEWS. 273

We note that the "Alsace and Lorraine" are still so headed, with
the addition of the words, "and districts of France occupied by the
German troops." According to the recent writings on this subject, the
latter designation alone is the more proper one ; but M. Moens has
doubtless remembered the adage, that " Use is second nature," and
has therefore continued the old appellation. In South Australia a list
is given of most of the salient varieties coming under the respective
departments, roughly classified with sub - varieties under roulettes,
perf. lli| and 10; but we do not see any allusion to the existence of
the compound perforations. In Western Australia the Id., black, is
given as the first stamp issued, under date of the end of 1854 — no
doubt correctly so — and a note is added, that as the author has
received the first two issues rouletted direct from the postal ad-
ministration, they cannot be deemed otherwise than official — a state-
ment that, in our judgment, could be extended to many other of the
early Australian roulettes. We note that Bamra already rejoices in
94 varieties, and has 20 Timbres re'iw.primes ! No less than 200 Belgian
" essays " are quoted, which fact does not, we venture to think, add to
the philatelic value of the catalogue. Bhopal, Afghan, and other
Indian states, are succinctly detailed, as are also the German States
that come under the early letters of the alphabet, although we note
that the various roulettes of the North German Confederation, men-
tioned in the recent catalogues, are not set forth. The blemishes,
however, in the work, as a whole, are but trifles compared with the
general high standard of excellence ; and we are but expressing the
universal opinion of philatelists, that M. Moens' important work will
redound to his credit, and be an invaluable book of reference to all
earnest workers among postage stamps.

HISTORY OF THE FRENCH POSTAGE STAMPS.*

Written in a piquant and discursive vein, this little octavo volume
will be found to afford a pleasant hour to its readers. As its title
signifies, it gives an account of the various issues of the French stamps,
accompanied by illustrations and a synopsis of the several values,
colours, and dates of issue. Though written in a pleasant and occa-
sionally colloquial style, it is plainly demonstrated as the work of one
who has had access to official information, and some of the facts so
quoted are of much interest. It is sad to think that its author, who
held an important office under the French Postal Administration, was
not spared to quite finish his work.

The preface is so inimitably and gracefully French that we quote it
for our readers' delectation in the vernacular :

" Jolie petite estampe, aussi modeste qu' utile, c'est sous ton egide que
circulent journellement des millions de correspondances relatives aux senti-
ments du coeur aux sciences aux affaires.

" Tu es dans toutes les mains, tu es . . . & toutes les levres, et, cependant,
combien peu te connaissent autrement que pour t' employer.

" C'est ton histoire que je vais ecrire, l'histoire de tes quarante ans.

"J'ai dit 'histoire.' Le mot pourra paraitre pretentieux pour une
causerie familiere, plaisante meme par fois, dans laquelle les renseigne-
ments alterneront avec l'anecdote.

" Je la dedie a la grande famille postale et aussi, dans un sentiment de
reconnaisance pour toi, a ceux qui, seul, t'entourent de la jalouse sollici-
tude que tu merites : aux collectionneurs."

* Histoire du Timbre-Poste FrancaAs. Par Louis Leiioy. Ch. Rousin,
Paris ; J. B. Moens, Brussels.

274 PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON.

In the notes on the issue of 1870, we read that stamps to the face-
value of no less than 120,000,000 francs emanated from the Bordeaux
Monnaie, the respective quantities of each value issued are given — the
£0 centimes being the most used, and the 80 cents the least. Their
issue ceased at the end of February. 1871, and all the matrices were
destroyed in the August following. mines ! Illustrations and

descriptions of the forthcoming issue of Colonial Stamps also form one
of the chapters, and we must say that the design is pleasing and
meritorious — even if we do not to the full agree that " there could be
no more noble subject'"'' than navigation and commerce unfurling the
French flag on the ocean. In the chapter devoted to stamps prepared
and not issued, we note it is distinctly stated that the 20 c, blue, of the
first issue, although intended to supersede the black stamp of the like
value, was never issued, but was included in the official collection, and
reprinted in 1862. M. Leroy also declines to place much faith in the
same stamp with a red surcharge, as he states categorically that " this
surcharge was not made in the Atelier of M. Hulot." The 10 c. of the
laureated Napoleonic series is also stated never to have been issued, as
the plan met with disapproval, and the stamps surcharged were
destroyed. The author asks how it is that so many of these stamps
exists, and with good reason doubts their authenticity. Some of the
chapters are devoted to collectors and collecting, while the work is freely
illustrated, and, taken in its entirety, will be found most readable.

PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON,

Honorary President— H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, E.G., &a

COMMITTEE FOR THE YEAR 1S91-92.

President— F. A. Philbrick, Q.C.

Vice-President— 31. P. Castle.

Secretary — D. Garth. Assistant-Secretary— J. A. Tilleard.

Treasurer and Librarian — C. X. Biggs.

E. D. Bacox. Major Evaxs.

A. "W. Chambers. Dr. C. W. Yixer.

Ax extraordinary General Meeting of the Society was held at the Salisbury
Hotel, Fleet Street, on Friday, the 3rd July. 1891, and was attended by
thirteen members, mcluding the Vice-President in the chair. After the
minutes of the last meeting had been read and confirmed, the report of the
Sub-committee appointed to consider the question of forgeries was read and
adopted. A discussion ensued on the work of the Philatelic Protection
Association, and on the motion of Mr. Gibbons, seconded by Mr. Bepler, it
was resolved, "That the Philatelic Protection Association is worthy of
support by all Philatelists, and that every assistance should be given by this
Society in any action the association may take in dealing with the question
of forgeries. :; The principal business of the evening consisted of the con-
sideration of the best mode of dealing with the questions involved in the
increased cost of the production of the Society's work-, and after a prolonged
discussion on the subject, it was resolved to further consider the subject at a
meeting to be held on the 17th July, after the views of the English members
had been invited by a letter to be written to them by the Secretary.

Ax extraordinary General Meeting of the Society was held at the Salisbury

Hotel, Fleet Street, on Friday, the 17th July, fifteen member.- beL

The chair was taken by the Vice-President, and after the minutes of the

VARIA. 275

last meeting had been read and confirmed, the Secretary read the corres-
pondence which had been received since the last meeting. Upon the
consideration of the matters discussed at the last meeting in reference to the
cost of production of the Society's works, it was decided to meet the case by
an increase in the members' subscriptions. It was further resolved to
rescind the provisions of the Society's statutes under which the annual
subscription of members is apportionable in accordance with the date of
election. The Secretary read a letter from Dr. Viner, resigning his member-
ship of the Society, and on the motion of the Vice-President, seconded by
Mr. Bacon (both of whom referred in fitting terms to the services rendered
by Dr. Viner in the interests of Philately), it was unanimously resolved that
Dr. Viner be elected an honorary member of the Society.

The first meeting of the season 1891-92 was held at the Salisbury Hotel
on Friday, the 9th October, nine members, including the Vice-President in
the chair, being present. The minutes of the last meeting were read and
confirmed, and the Secretary read the correspondence, which included letters
from Messrs. Kleinwort and Benson resigning their membership of the
Society. The resignations were directed to be accepted with regret. The
Secretary was also requested to acknowledge with the thanks of the Society
the receipt from Mr. Phillips, on behalf of Stanley Gibbons, Limited, of the
first volume of the Monthly Journal, and a copy of the eighth edition of the
Catalogue issued by that firm. The Vice-President reported the receipt
from Mr. Basset Hull of a letter, offering to the Society the publication of
his contemplated work on the Stamps of South Australia, and it was
resolved to accept the offer upon the same terms as those upon which the
approval and publication of the Stamps of Tasmania was undertaken by
the Society. The subjects of study for the ensuing season were discussed,
and it was resolved to complete the revision of the Reference List of the
Stamps of Ceylon, and afterwards to proceed with the lists of the African
Colonies.

The second meeting of the season was held at the Salisbury Hotel, Fleet
Street, on Friday, the 23rd October, and was attended by six members and
one visitor. In the absence of the President and Vice-President, the chair
was taken by Mr. Bacon, and the minutes of the last meeting were read and
confirmed. Herr P. von Ferrary, proposed by .Mr. Bacon, and seconded by
the Secretary ; Mr. Hastings E. Wright, proposed by the Secretary, and
seconded by the Assistant-Secretary ; and Mr. W. B. Avory, proposed by
the Secretary, and seconded by Mr. Gibbons, were duly elected members of
the Society. The business of the evening consisted of the revision of the
Reference List of the Stamps of Ceylon, which was proceeded with and
adjourned to the next meeting.

There are rumours of the starting of a Philatelic Club in London
under very favourable auspices.

# * *

The Philatelic Protection Association, as was to be expected from so
powerful a coalition of interests, has made an auspicious commencement
of its crusade against the forgers. As we are going to press we hear
of the apprehension under warrant of one Dr. Assmus, or Bernard, for
forging VR and other stamps. After examination, on the 23rd of this
month, at Marlborough Street Police Court, the case has been remanded
for a week, and we trust that the Treasury may in the interval take
the case up, which we hope to fully report in our next issue.

276 VARIA.

The notorious German forger, Krippner, has met with the fate he so
justly merited, and in the seclusion of his cell, during the next few years,
will sadly ruminate on this sudden check to his career of industry, and
the ingratitude of stamp collectors for his efforts to provide them with
rare varieties considerably under market value to them, even if slightly
above cost value to him !

* * *

The Auction " Season " seems now in full swing, one sale after the

other following each other with great rapidity. Messrs. Cheveley and

Wilson's assemblage of lots on the 20th and 21st of this month included

a number of good stamps, and attracted a considerable assemblage of

leading buyers, both amateur and professional. We hope in our next

issue to give a few particulars, as also of the sale of Messrs. Thomas Bull

and Co., Limited, on the 28th ; but our space is fully occupied this

month.

* * *

Mr. C. X. Biggs informs us that he has had a communication from
Captain Charles Xorris-Xewrnan, of Aliwal Xorth, Cape Colony,
South Africa, in which the following information is given: "We have
started a small Philatelical Society here in South Africa, with its head
quarters at Port Elizabeth, and as they intend having an exhibition next
year at Kimberley, we are endeavouring to have a section set apart for
philately, when I shall make an effort and try and show my collection
of nearly 10,000, which I have got together in thirty years' wanderings."
Philately is evidently " on the boom " in Africa ! We wish every
success to Captain Xewman in his ventures, and shall be pleased to give
him all the aid that lies in our power through the columns of the

Record.

* * #

The Indian Postal Administration has had a considerable amount of
disruption lately, and is not at the end of its troubles yet, as the
London papers show by the following excerpt :

" Alfred Robert Ashton, a stevedore's labourer, was charged with stealing
about £1600 worth of 2-anna stamps from the steamship Astrea, on or about
June 12th and 13th. Indian stamps are printed in this country, and on the
date in question two packages, lined witli tin and secured with sealed iron
bands, were depatched by the Astrea. Shortly afterwards it was reported to
the authorities at Scotland-yard that a number of Indian stamps were being
sold at half-price on the Continent. Inspector Richards was entrusted with
the case, and his inquiries led to the arrest of eight people in Switzerland
with 10,000 stamps in their possession. Other parcels were found in
Germany, and it was ascertained that two men, named Hargreaves and
Gatty, had been arrested at Bombay, and sentenced to fourteen days'
imprisonment for the unlawful possession of stamps. These men were
brought back to England by Inspector Richards, and stated at a previous
hearing that they had obtained the stamps from the prisoner. It was
discovered that the cases containing the stamps had been surreptitiously
opened, and part of their contents abstracted. Mr. Maidment, assistant
superintendent of stamps at Bombay, said he examined the cases brought
by the Astrea, and found that 155,520 stamps, valued at 19,440 rupees, were
missing. It was contended on behalf of the prisoner that the goods were
not put on board the Astrea till the Monday, and that the stamps were
obtained by Hargreaves and Gatty on the Saturday. Mr. Lushington said
goods were stolen from lighters as well as ships. He committed the prisoner
for trial." {Standard, 13th Nov.)

An employe of Messrs. Cook and Son, the tourist agents, has since
been charged with receiving these stamps ; but the case, to which the
defendant plead* a complete answer, is still sab judice.

CORRESPONDENCE. 277

The days of ridicule having been lived down, our editorial breath is
not taken away by reading the following announcement in the columns
of a leading daily contemporary :

"The advance of stamp collecting, or, as its devotees style it, of the
science of philately, has just been specially marked by a further instalment
of the edition de luxe catalogue of the postage stamps of the countries com-
prising the British Empire, which is being prepared and published by the
London Philatelic Society, whose honorary president is the Duke of
Edinburgh. The portion of the catalogue just to hand deals with the
postage stamps of the British Colonies of the West Indies, including British
Guiana and British Honduras. It is embellished with no less than thirty-
two full page sheets of fine autotype illustrations. The volume is a handsome
imperial octavo, and its production is said to have cost the society close on
£200 for an edition limited to 300 copies."

©omspoufctuce*

THE LONDON PHILATELIC SOCIETY.
To the Editor of " The Philatelic Record,."

Sir, — May I venture to make your paper a medium for addressing a few
words to the Philatelic public on the subject of the London Society ?

I wish to remove, if possible, what I believe to be merely misapprehension
in the minds of some of our fellow- workers in the country, and to answer
once and for all the question that is almost daily put to me, " What benefit
do I individually reap by being, or shall I reap by becoming, a member of
the London Society 1 " It will be observed that I speak alike to present
members as well as to those who have not joined us, and I trust that my
remarks will be accepted in the spirit of explanation in which alone they
are offered, and not as in anyway seeking by specious argument to enlist
recruits. Our Society has, I am glad to say, for years past steadily increased
its numbers, and needs no such advertisement at my hands.

I am always tempted to reply to the question I have alluded to above in
the single word " none." As a matter of fact, however, this is not the case,
inasmuch as members receive free a copy of each of the Society's publica-
tions, the cost price of which has usually exceeded the annual subscription
of, at any rate, a country member. But I feel strongly that no such
incentive should be necessary to anyone who desires to associate himself
with a Society formed to promote the science and pursuit in which I am
assuming that he really takes pride and interest. Does any purely scientific
Society profess to offer to its members any intrinsic or pecuniary advantages ?
Does it not rather simply invite co-operation in advancing and developing
the science or knowledge of the particular subject, whether of interest to a
class of individuals only, or to the community at large ? Does it not seek to
achieve this object by mutual intercourse and exchange of ideas, theories,
and opinions ; by combining the results of individual labour ; and by sharing
any necessary expenditure, the necessity and limit of such expenditure
being regulated by common vote ?

I assure you, sir, I have before me letters which show that the writers
seriously expect that, in return for their moderate annual subscription, our
society should present its members with at least five times the equivalent
in valuable stamps. I am also twitted with the existence of rival societies,
and with the threat of the formation of new societies, offering equal advan-
tages at a subscription of a nominal half-crown or five shillings per
annum.

I, of course, acknowledge it well possible that a hundred Philatelists can
readily find comfortable accommodation at a very small cost for fortnightly
or even weekly meetings, which may be both useful and instructive to the
members themselves ; but I venture to protest that the London Society

278 CORRESPONDENCE.

aims at something far higher than purely social intercourse amongst its
members. It has always" sought to advance the science of Philately by
giving, not only to its members, but to the world at large, the benefit
of its research, and it aims at placing in the hands of the collector,
little by little, the complete history and catalogue of the Postal issues of
the world.

With such objects in view a moderate expenditure is inevitable, and
a small working capital a necessity. Our increased subscription of one
guinea per annum is, I submit, within the means of most of our country
friends who seriously embark upon the pursuit, and I strongly urge that it
should be tendered' by our members, not as a quid pro quo, but as a
contributory agent in maintaining the London Society in its position as the
leading authority of the world upon Philatelic subjects.

I consider that far more "touch" between the London and country
members than at present exists is possible, and would be desirable ; that
the projected scheme of publishing an exclusive journal of the Society
would materially assist us in this respect, but that in the meanwhile our
country members might, by writing short papers to be read at our meetings,
by regularly communicating new facts and theories which come under their
notice, and by asking in return for information and advice, materially assist
our deliberations, reap real advantage to themselves, and find more pride
and satisfaction in their ^otherwise, perhaps, urirernunerative) membership
of the London Society. j am. Sir, faithfully yours,

Douglas Garth,

Secretory London Philatelic Society.

Dear Sir,— The Philatelic Society of London justly claims the position
of the Premier Society, but in one matter it is much behind some of the
Continental ones — that is. with regard to the report of proceedings.

The meagre statement published in the Record, giving an outline of the
formal business only, with a mere note that the reference list of stamps of
such and such country was then taken, is not sufficient to keep alive the
proper amount of interest in the proceedings on the part of those country
members who are unable to attend the meetings. This in itself is a serious
matter, but there is another side to the question, and that is that much
valuable information might be obtained from, the absentees, if they were
aware upon what lines the investigations were being conducted ; at the same
time much valuable and interesting information is lost to those who are
justly entitled to it.

i would suggest that a much fuller report should be published, mentioning
the names of those present [this might stimulate the laggards . giving a
resume of the discussions, a full account of the stamps submitted, and
points on which information for lists is wanted ; and if the paper read is not
to be included in the work preparing for publication, it should be given in

: iso — of course all rights being reserved.

Shorthand notes should be taken by a paid reporter, or perhaps some
member might volunteer for the duty. The objection has been raised that
it would not always be advisable to publish matters brought before the
Society — this could be obviated by the Secretary having and using the
power of excision.

I belong to two professional societies that publish monthly journals of
their proceedings, giving in full the papers read, and an almost verbatim
report of the discussion. In both societies paid reporters are employed;
there is not the slightest difficulty about technical terms used, as might be
urged by some as a bar to this.

There is no doubt that a society of the standing of ours should have a
journal of its own, but this is too wide a subject to be entered upon in my
present letter. Yours truly,

Brighton, Nov. 17th, 1S91. J. H. RkPMAIC.

CORRESPONDENCE. 279

THE CHALMERS' CLAIM.

Sir,— In your October number, while expressing regret at the death of
Mr. Patrick Chalmers, you state that you cordially agree with the spirit of
a kindly notice which appeared in the Surrey Comet, wherein it is stated
that Mr. P. Chalmers succeeded in establishing his father's claim to have
been the inventor of the adhesive postage stamp, " without which Sir Row-
land Hill's plan of penny postage could not have been successfully launched."

Possibly you draw a distinction between the kindly spirit of the notice
and the accuracy of the editor's statements ; but can the opinions of such
a paper as the Surrey Comet be for a moment placed in comparison with
those expressed in your own columns by the London Philatelic Society, and
by persons so well acquainted with the facts as Mr. Philbrick, the President
of that Society, and Mr. Westoby, who have unhesitatingly declared that
Patrick Chalmers' claims were altogether unfounded 1

It was probably Chalmers' long-maintained pertinacity which won for him
believers, notwithstanding the fact that during the twelve years of con-
troversy he could never produce a genuine document to substantiate his
claim, nor seemingly persuade his father's family, one of whom, a sister,
predeceased him by a few months only, to come forward as witnesses on his
behalf.

History abounds with instances of characters who have posed as messengers
of truth. They date from long before John of Leyden's day to that of the
once famous Claimant, and later. Even the Cock Lane ghost, the false
Dauphins, Pigott, and many others, had their brief bubble reputation and
their champions. Even Donelly, of cryptogramic fame, has made converts
to unfaith in Shakespeare. While to the invention of the adhesive postage
stamp, Chalmers is by no means the first to lay claim. Years ago the late
Dr. Gray, of the British Museum, persistently declared himself its author ;
and he was but one of several "originators." Thus does history repeat
itself ; and who shall say how many more claimants the future holds in store ?

To explain why so many rival claims should have arisen is easy enough.
When the Treasury had decided to use stamps for postage prepayment (as
suggested in Rowland Hill's famous pamphlet), and had invited the public
to furnish designs, many people set to work. What more natural than that
as time, with its tendency to play tricks with memory, went on, some of
these competitors should come to believe that to them belonged both sugges-
tion and design ?

To James Chalmers Rowland Hill owed not a single feature of his scheme
of postal reform, which was made public only when it had been planned in
its entirety ; and were the worthy Dundee printer but alive he would be the
first to deny the alleged share. But then had Patrick Chalmers predeceased
his father, the clumsy pretensions— for clumsy it is to those familiar with the
real story of penny postage — would never have been heard of.

Yours faithfully, A Stamp Collector.

[November, 1891. — In deference to our correspondent's wish, with some
reluctance, we insert the foregoing. Our opinion on the real merits of the
Hill-Chalmers controversy has been repeatedly and plainly indicated in this
journal. Our remarks on the late Mr. P. Chalmers last month quite fail to
bear the interpretation our correspondent places on them, nor have we aught
to retract from them. De mortuis nil nisi honum expresses our opinion and,
we hope, that of our correspondent. — Ed. ]

THE LATE MR. PATRICK CHALMERS.

Dear Sir,— The late Mr. Patrick Chalmers deserves a more biblio-
graphically-extended notice than he has yet received. It would be a pity
were no accurate list compiled of the numerous characteristic pamphlets
issued by him daring the past decade.

I append the titles of those known to me, and shall be glad to have
any omissions rectified.

280 CORRESPONDENCE.

1881.

The Adhesive Stamp : A Fresh Chapter in the History of Post Office

Reform. 70 pages. 6d.
The Penny Postage Scheme of 1837 : Was it an Invention or a Copy ?

33 pages. 3d.
Opinions from the Press upon " The Penny Postage Scheme of 1837," &c.

(?) pages.

1882.
The Position of Sir Rowland Hill made Plain. 72 pages. 6d.
Opinions from the Press, &c. ; also Letters and Opinions having Reference

to the Proceedings of the Sir Rowland Hill Committee. 28 pages.

1883.
A Short Review of the Adhesive Stamp. 35 pages. 6d.
Sir Rowland Hill and James Chalmers, the Inventor of the Adhesive

Stamp. A Reply to Mr. Pearson Hill.* 76 pages. 6d.
Evidence from the Pamphlet, " Sir R. H. and J. C," &c. 27 pages.
Opinions from the Press (Fresh Series). 30 pages. 2d.

1884. -
James Chalmers Inventor of the Adhesive Stamp, not Sir Rowland Hill.
39 pages. 6d.

1885.
The Adhesive Stamp. Important Additional Evidence in behalf of
James Chalmers. 15 pages.

1886.
Concealment Unveiled : The Sir Rowland Hill Committee. A Tale of

the Mansion House. 31 pages.
Sequel to " Concealment Unveiled." Submission of the Sir Rowland Hill

Committee. 16 pages.
Submission of the Sir Rowland Hill Committee. Second Edition, with
Opinions from the Press (Fourth Series). 115 pages. 6d.

1887.
Submission, &c. Third Edition. 83 Pages. 6d.
The Philatelic Society of London and the Adhesive Postage Stamp. 7 pages.

1888.
Letter to the Dundee Burns Club. A Reply to Mr. Pearson Hill, t 44 pages.
The Chalmers-Hill Controversy. An explanation. 10 pages.

1890.
How James Chalmers Saved the Penny Postage Scheme. (?) pages. 6d.
Letter to the Members of the International Society of Philatelists of

Dresden. 9 pages.
Eminent Arbroathians : James Chalmers. By J. M. McBain. With

Appendix by P. C. IS pages.

1891.
Removal of Official Documents from H.M. Treasury by Sir Rowland Hill.
20 pages. 6d.

I am, yours faithfully, P. J. Axderson.

November Uth, 1891.

* See Mr. Hill's paper in Philatelic Record, iii. 195-201 ; and the Philatelic Society's
Report in Philatelic Record, iv. 1S4-186.

t See Mr. Hill's The Chalmers' Craze Investigated. 188S. 33 pages. 3d.

Theodor Buhl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

§n^ ipwiat^fiit $w^

Vol. XIII. DECEMBER, 1891. No. 156.

T is with singular pleasure that we present this month to

our readers the portrait of a gentleman whose name is a

household word in Philately, and with whom we our-

|>! selves have been on terms of intimacy for many years.

Mr. Edward Denny Bacon was born on August 29th, 1860,

and is consequently in his thirty-second year, although

Father Time has apparently ruled him with so gentle a hand that

his personal appearance belies the fact. His collecting proclivities

were early displayed at school ; and when, still in his
Mr. E. D. Bacon. . . . . . .

" teens," he joined the London Philatelic Society in

May, 1880, sponsored by the late Mr. V. G-. de Ysasi and Mr. M.
Burnett, he rejoiced not only in an interesting collection, but in
a sound knowledge and judgment on matters philatelic. That the
London Society was not unmindful of these qualifications is shewn
by the fact of the election of so comparatively new a recruit to a seat
on the Committee in October 1882. Mr. Bacon was unanimously
elected Hon. Treasurer in February 1885, and Hon. Secretary in
November of the same year, both of which important offices he
filled most admirably until December 1888, when the increasing
responsibilities of a large business compelled him reluctantly to
restrict his labours for the Society. How highly his services were
appreciated by all his fellow members is evidenced by the hand-
some testimonial presented to him in recognition of his services by
the members of the London Philatelic Society in March, 1889.
Pew testimonials in this age of such recognitions could have been
more signally deserved ; as we can testify from our intimate know-
ledge of the work done, that for steady, conscientious, painstaking,
and accurate work no officer of the London Society has ever sur-
passed Mr. Bacon; nor with his retirement from office has his
interest in the Society slackened. Ke-elected on the Committee, he

282 MR. E. D. BACOX.

has ever since been a most regular and conspicuous attendant at the
meetings of that body, every member of which -wishes him many
years of health and prosperity to continue in the same course.

Mr. Bacon's labours in the field of Philatelic literature are so
well known that it almost seems superfluous to call attention to
them, but we need only mention the papers he has contributed to
the Record on Japan, British Guiana, and Trinidad, which, with many
others, are reckoned as much valued contributions to the sum of
philatelic knowledge. He has also contributed articles upon
Eevenue stamps for the Timbre Fiscal, and has, in fact, been a
steady supporter of the Philatelic Press for years past. Doubtless,
however, the most conspicuous and brilliant service that Mr. Bacon
has rendered has been his share in the production of the Philatelic
Society's publications, Oceania, British North America, Mr. Bassett
Hull's Tasmania, and the West Indies. Mr. Bacon has been from
the commencement a member of the Publishing Committee, and it
is no disparagement to any other member of that body to say, that
to the subject of our sketch the lion's share of the work has fallen,
and that to his industry and acumen a very large portion of the
success of these works is due. "We have so recently alluded to
Mr. Bacon's labours in this respect, that we feel that any further
remarks appreciative of his labours in this field would be a work
of supererogation.

As we have previously mentioned, Mr. Bacon was possessed of
a sound general collection of stamps when he joined the London
Society, as well as an excellent assemblage of post cards. In 1882,
however, occurred an event that has tinged the remaining years of
his life, and induced him to dispose of his adhesives to Captain
"W. E. Williams. The late Vice-President of the London Society
was at that time actively engaged in building up or rather laying
the foundations of that magnificent collection that has since
rendered his name famous, and, quick to see the qualities of our
friend, enlisted his services to help in the selection, arrangement,
and classification of his treasures. The intimate friendship, mutual
self-esteem and confidence, thus early engendered, ripened as the
years stole by ; and when last year the hand of the Almighty
removed Thomas Keay Tapling from among us, no brother's heart
could have been more bowed down with grief than that of his
faithful and devoted friend.

Constantly habituated to seeing the rarities of the earth in
profusion, and almost all the varieties known, it is scarce wonder

A SEASONABLE PHILATELIC GREETING. 283

that Mr. Bacon's knowledge on Philatelic matters should have
during these years prodigiously increased. Mr. Tapling having
acquired from Mr. Bacon his magnificent collection of post cards —
certainly one of the best in the world — the latter threw himself
heart and soul into the arrangement of the envelopes and post
cards of the collection that has now passed to the nation, and it
was common knowledge that Mr. Bacon was more intimately
acquainted with the details of it even than its owner.

Mr. Bacon's own collection at the present day consists only of
the stamps of Japan — postals, fiscals, envelopes, and post cards, used
and unused; and to those who have seen it, it is a veritable
monument of industry and Philatelic research. The enormous
variety of stamps " typed " in sheets, and its thousands of
specimens, constitute it, in our opinion, the most stupendous
labour ever bestowed on the stamps of any country. It was
shown at the London Philatelic Exhibition, of whose committee
Mr. Bacon was a member, as also one of the judges, which honour
alone prevented his reception of one of the highest awards.

It will thus be seen that in every sphere that Philately
embraces our friend is to the fore. He identifies himself closely
with every movement calculated to increase the prestige of our
science; he is ever ready to impart his knowledge to assist the
less "advanced" collector; and by his qualities of heart no less
than mind, has earned the cordial appreciation of all his colleagues,
and the most profound respect of Philatelists in all portions of the
globe — in both of which sentiments we are ourselves proud to join.

Once more have the chariot wheels of old Father Time revolved,
A Seasonable and the last days of 1891 drawn near. At this
Philatelic Greeting. season of the year the interchange of courtesies
and kindly greetings is fortunately a custom that cannot stale
nor age wither. We therefore take leave to express alike to
contributors, readers, and publishers, our hearty wishes for their
welfare, social and Philatelic, during the coming year, and the
earnest hope that we may one and all labour for the true and
higher advancement of our pursuit. In accordance with our
intention, announced just twelve months since, to attempt to
conduct the Record on Philatelic lines, and for the true interest of
the science and its votaries, we ourselves would wish to be judged
as to whether this journal has endorsed the foregoing precept by
its own example. We are fain to hope that it has — not only this
156a

284 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

year, but in all the thirteen volumes of its existence. It has at
least always been a journal written by collectors for collectors,
untainted by trade interests, and in the eyes of the veterans of
the science has come to be regarded, as the past-editor, Mr.
Maitland Burnett expressed it, in his letter in the number for last
January, " The dear old Record" To those among us who have
known all the principal writers in our pages, who have formed
thereby lifelong friendships, and who trace here the memories of
dear comrades laid at rest, the epithet of Mr. Burnett will not
sound incongruous or strained. To them, as to us (despite our
own demerits), this little journal will ever be associated with the
sunny memories of our lives, while the most favoured shelf in
our library, and the warmest corner of our heart, will aye extend
a welcome to the Philatelic Record. Vale !

To our Correspondents. — We shall be glad to receive from collectors and
dealers notices of Xovelties, etc., v:hich can, if dxsired, be inserted with
the sender s name and, the date of receipt. Communications as to these,
as also general philatelic and postal information and. correspondence,
should be addressed to " The Editor of the Philatelic Record," care of
Messrs. Theodor Buhl and Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

ADHESIVES.
Argentine. — From specimens submitted by our publishers, it
seems that, owing probably to deterioration of the die, the 1 c.
value has been partly redrawn. The figures in the corners are
rather broader, with projecting "head," while the background of
the central oval has horizontal lines only, the previously existing
vertical ones having disappeared. The words at the base, "un
centavo" are wider, the head has been altered, while the whole
appearance is coarser than before, due to the redrawing of all the
shading outside the vignette.

1 c, brown ; new type.

Bamra. — ^Ve are indebted to our well-informed oriental
authority, the editor of the Monthly Journal, for the following
additional varieties of this delightfully prolific little country.

First edition, in blocks of 20.
4 annas, black on lilac.
4 „ ,, „ error "Eeudatory."

Second edition, in blocks of 16.
4 annas, black on rose; error "bamba."

The last variety is of the same setting as the 8 a. and 1 r. with
the same error.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

285

British Honduras. — In addition to the varieties chronicled

last month in this journal, there

is a third current of an overprint

in black 1 cent on the current

penny stamp, and we gather from

the Philatelist that this is appa-
rently already superseded by a

permanent issue of the 1 cent,

presumably in the current type.
We illustrate the varieties described last month.

1 cent, black, surcharged Id., green ; wmk CA ; perf. 14.
1 cent, (? current type) ,, $J

British South Africa. — From our publishers we have a new
value here similar to those preceding.

3d., grey and green.

Colombia. — 'With reference to the error of the 1860 issue
alluded to in the last two numbers of the Record, the editor of the
Timbre Poste considers from the fact of the 5 cents being already
known se tenant with the 20 c, that a corresponding error should
have occurred in the sheets of each value. This is, of course,
quite possible, but we incline to the belief already expressed that
the stamp recently described by the A. J. P. is an attempt to
rectify the mistake on the sheet of the value — whether 5 or 20 we
cannot say, as the colours so closely approximate, although we lean
to the former — as soon as the error was discovered. This not
being satisfactory, it would seem that another cliche was substi-
tuted, or else during all these thirty years, with no lack of these
stamps about, the variety would have certes been found in the
Philatelic Chronicle ere this. M. Moens adds another variety of a
like nature — this time of the preceding issue of 1859, in which
the 10 c. has the figures " 10 " above and " 20" below the central
circle. 1859. 10 centavos, yellow ; error with figures 20 below.

Congo. — We illustrate the stamps previously described.

'POSTES

15|

CONGO FRANQAIS

POSTES

CONGO FRANGAIS

wiib&mm

/Miyl

•-ol

HN^£so\ ||

wfal

frjgisajmBjfcJI

IJtiiWMMMmti

DiegO Suarez. — Illustration herewith of type
recently noted.

Guadeloupe. — The further developments that we
alluded to in a dejected frame of mind last month
are beginning to be evolved, as the Timbre Poste
mentions one or two more delicacies for tb.3 jaded

286

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

palates of collectors of French colonial rubbish ! These varieties
are of the same type as described previously, with a horizontal
black surcharge.

25 c.
25 c.

Errors, (a) Gnadelottpe.
5 cents, green on greenish.

(b) GUADELONPE.

2 cents, brown on bistre.

5 „ green on greenish.
35 „ black on orange.

1 franc, bronze on green ; also
black on rose, surcharge inverted.

,, ,, double surcharge 2 and 25.

Of the preceding issue with the figure surcharged from the same
authority we cull another variety. Illustration below.
5 c. on 1 c. , black on blue, double surcharge.

Honduras. — Illustrations of the official type are shown above.

Italy. — The 5 c. of the current issue has been changed in type.
The arms of the House of Savoy are now backed by a horizontally-
lined background, instead of one of solid colour as heretofore ; the
lettering is on a white band, and there are other modifications.
5 cents, green, new type, wmk. Crown ; perf. 14.

Levant (Austrian). — We have to note the second of the new
values surcharged for use in the East.

5 piastres, black surcharge on 50 kr., violet.

Luxemburg. — The two values of the new type,
noted on page 172, have already been adapted to
official use by the addition in the upper angle of
the letters S P in thin block capitals, rather
larger than their predecessors, and further apart,
as illustrated.

Official Stamps.

10c, black surcharge S P on red, new type.
25 c. ,. „ blue

Mauritius. — We hope this philatelically respectable little
island, with its grand past, is not going to degenerate. But we
have, alas! to note further and alarming varieties in addition to
those noted in our two preceding numbers. In addition to the
surcharges on the two 38 c. of 1878 and 9, and another 4 c. of 1885,
we have now to note the like overprint "two cents" on the 17 c.

2 c. on 17 c, rose, 1879 issue, black surcharge, wink. CA and Crown ;
perf. 14.

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

287

We are indebted to the Timbre-Poste for the following informa-
tion, but feel no great gratitude to the providers of these varieties,
whether they emanate from carelessness or not. Our Belgian
contemporary hints broadly at speculation, and states that, as
with the British Guianas, the whole of some of these surcharges
were bought on the spot. Has our little island caught the low
philatelic fever of other African colonies %

Errors,
(a) Double surcharge (above and below).
2 c. on 38 c., lilac, 1879, black surcharge.
(b) Double surcharge, the upper one inverted.
2 c. on 38 p., lilac (1879), black surcharge.
2 c. on 4c, rose (1885) „

2 c. on 38 c, lilac (1878) „

2 c. on 38 c. „ „ „ and with double line over Mauritius.

2 c on 38 c, lilac (1878) „

We illustrate the surcharge on the 38 c.

Mexico. — The current stamps have been appear-
ing with a watermark consisting of the letters
correoseum repeated ten times in each sheet,
e. u. m. being an abbreviation for " Estados Unidos Mexico." We
have delayed inserting this announcement in the hope of giving a
full list of the values, but as yet can only note two, viz. :

2 c , red, current issue, with watermark correoseum.

Chiapas. — We give an illustration of the
stamp described on page 225 of the Record.

Negri Sembilan— Long life to the flexible
Tiger, who has put his foot down upon the
surcharges that have long been in issue in the several States of the
Malay Peninsula, and of which this " Sultanate " was the last to
issue stamps. Our zoological friend is heartily welcome therefore,
and the more so as it provides us with a handsome stamp of an
entirely novel design, which we herewith illustrate, and need only
shortly describe as the presentment of a Tiger leaping out of a
Jungle in the central vignette, "postage" to right and left, and
the value at base flanked by flowers, on a solid fl
background of colour, and a white label above
filled in (for each State) with the name in block
capitals. The work is apparently that of Messrs.
De la Rue.

2 c, rose, new design, watermark CA and Crown ;
perf. 14.

New Zealand. — We can forgive — nay, can applaud — our friei.d,
the editor of the Monthly Journal, when he unearths unheard of
Barnras and Bhopals, and dazzles us with visions of far Cashmere

■:?nqH^;i

288 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

and Oriental philatelic dreams of delight, as we are prepared to
admire and adopt without undue compunction the " sincerest form
of flattery"; but when he crosses the main and, invading our
sacred precincts of Australian varieties, actually chronicles an
entirely new variety in the Stamps of ISew Zealand, our
editorial jealousy is roused to its yellowest depth, and with a
lachrymose voice we murmur that we had rather have discovered
it ourselves — even if only for our- own little collection ! How-
ever, adopting the consolatory saying, "tout vient a ce qui sait
attendre/' we will describe the insect, which we have been shown
by our contemporary, without having at least the melancholy
satisfaction of finding any fault with it. It is the Id. brown of
the old type (bien entendu), but watermarked X Z, and perforated
13. There is nothing very strange on reflection about this
apparition. Of the two lower values of this issue we have now :

Id., brown, and 2d., vermilion ; no wmk.

Id. „ 2d. „ NZ.

Id. „ 2d. „ star.

2d. „ lozenge.

There only remains the Id. to find with lozenge, which we
intend to search for, if only to make our contemporary writhe in
his turn ! id., brown, 1872 issue, wmk. N Z ; perf. 13.

NoSSi-B(§. — Once more have we the felicity of describing the
latest philatelic torture in the guise of French Colonials. The
enormous demand (for postal purposes cela se comprend) has
necessitated a further supplement to the chiffre taxe types described
in our penultimate number, in the shape of another set in two
types each, according to the Timbre Poste, which journal perti-
nently enquires why it should be necessary to surcharge a 5 c.
with a 20 c, a 10 c. with a 15 c, a 20 c. with a 15 c, and 5 c.
with a 25 c. ! The surcharge in question consists of the words
nossi-be in tall -Roman type, with a bar above, and a percevoir
in small Roman capitals beneath, while in the centre is the added
value, in large numerals followed by a capital "C." The second
type consists in the fact that the name of the Colony is in shorter
and thicker type.

5 c, black surcharge on 20 c, brick on green.
10 c. ,, on 15 c, blue on blue.

15 c. ,, on 10 c, black on violet.

25 c. ,, on 5 c, green on greenish.

Pahang". — The tiger type has appeared here with the name of
the State in block capitals above.

2 c, rose ; wmk. CA and Crown ; perf. 14.

Perak. — Exactly similar, except as to the name above, appear
the following values :

1 c, green ; wmk. CA and Crown ; perf. 14.

2 c, rose „
5 c, ultramarine

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS. 289

Persia. — We have received from our publishers a specimen of
a new type which is apparently the forerunner of a new issue, as
we hear of other values — the 2, 5, 7, 10, 14 ch., and 1, 2, and
5 kr. We hope to illustrate the design shortly, so will merely
state that it consists of the Lion au milieu, with poste persane
below, and its equivalent in the native tongue, at the base being
the value under like conditions. The upper portion of the stamp
is occupied by a broad band of colour that contains within its
arabesque circles the crown and the value repeated, said band also
encircling three sides and top of the stamp.

1 ch., black, new design ; perf. \1\.

Porto Rico. — Two values have been seen in the following
colours : 1 c. de peso, dark green.

5 c. ,, green.

Russian Locals. — We take the following novelties from the
November and December numbers of the Timbre-Poste :

Krasny {Smolensk). — This rural post has been previously
unknown to collectors. M. Moens has seen a stamp postmarked
16th July, 1891, which is said to have been in use a year ago.
The design consists of a numeral 3 upon groundwork of con-
centric circles, enclosed within a plain circular band, inscribed
in Eussian characters, "marka krasninskoy ziemskoy potchty"
(stamp of the rural post of Krasny) ; the border is festooned,
and the stamp is impressed in colour on white wove paper.
3 kopecks, rose.

In addition to the above, there is another stamp appertaining to
this post, which has presumably replaced the one just described.
The design consists of a plain shield, upon which is a fortress and
cannon. Above, in a curved line, is " zemska ja potschta " (rural
post), and below " kraninskaja onjesda " (of the district of
Krasny), also in a curved line. On either side of the shield is
the numeral of value within a circle. The stamp is upright,
rectangular in shape, and is lithographed in colour on thin white
paper. 3 kopecks, bright blue.

Liebedjan (Tamboff). — The stamp with swan in relief, in place
of being impressed in red on yellow, is now printed in black on
green. 5 kopecks, black on green.

Noioorjeio (Pskoff). — In addition to the stamp described in our
August number, there is one of a similar design which is said to
be of earlier issue. The principal differences are in the star in the
centre, which is white, and contains a letter at each of the six
points, and the inscriptions at the four sides of the stamp are in
colour upon white, instead of the reverse.

5 kopecs, slate -violet ; perforated lljj.
Starobyelsk (Charkoff). — The stamp issued in 1888 is now
found printed in red on yellow, perforated 12 J.
3 kopecks, red on yellow.
1565

290 NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Welsh (Wologda). — The type of 1886 has returned into favour.
After having been printed in green, then in red in 1888, abandoned
in 1889, it appears in violet in 1891.

3 kopecks, violet on white ; perforated 11J.

Salvador. — Mr. Seebeck has issued another variety for the
benefit of those who are weak-minded enough to collect such
pretty trash; to wit, the 3 c, violet, of the current set, with a
diagonal surcharge converting it into " 5 centavos."
5 centavos, black surcharge on 3 c, violet.

Selangor. — One value here of the zoological type, viz.,
2 c, rose ; wmk. CA and Crown ; perf. 14 (new type).

Straits Settlements. — Our publishers send us a new variety
of surcharge, consisting of the 24 c. surcharged "10 cents" in
small capitals, with the value barred.

10 cents, black surcharge on 24 c, green ; CA and Crown ; perf. 4.
We gather from various sources that the 30 c, so long in use,
has now re-appeared with the later watermark.

30 c, dull lake ; wmk. CA and Crown ; perf. 14.

Sungei Ujong. — The same as in the other States the new type
appears. 2 c, rose ; wmk. CA and Crown ; perf. 14 (new type).

Sweden. — Our publishers note the arrival of another of the
new set. 50 ore, grey ; new type, perf. 14.

Uruguay. — A fresh set of official stamps has achieved its
nativity here, pace the I. B. J. The word "oficial" traverses the
stamp diagonally from the lower left to the upper right corner,
instead of from the upper left to the lower right as before. In
order to treat all alike, the recently surcharged stamp has also
received the overprint, while, in order to satisfy even the most
exigent philatelist, there is a specimen on each sheet, with "1389"

[angle.

instead of

1889.

Official Stampts.

1 centavo,

light green ; black

surcharge Oficia

2 centavos

carmine

do.

5 „

dark blue

do.

5 „

lilac and red

do.

brown

do.

blue green

do.

orange

do.

25 „

red brown

do.

pale blue

do.

1 peso, lilac

do.

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Enve

British South Africa. — We are informed that Eegistration
Envelopes will shortly be issued here, no doubt in various sizes, to
enable the native black to invest his little wealth in the Savings
Banks of this country under the safe transmission of a registered

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

291

cover ! The design which we have seen is a thing of glory,
embossed in pale blue, a large transverse oval, with the arms of
the company, " British Central Africa " below, and the legend
" Registration Two Pence " below this on a broad wavy band.

Leeward Islands. — We illustrate the

new registration envelope.

New Zealand. — The reduced postal
rates have called for a corresponding re-
duction in the registration fees, hence we
have a fresh variety to chronicle here. The
novelty consists in the 4d. rose registration
envelope having its denomination covered
by means of a curved bar, and the words
"Three Pence" in Roman capitals added a little higher up. The
size is 3 J and 5| inches. New Zealand has been most exemplary
in the surcharging line. Would that other countries were like it !
Registration Env. 3d., black ; surcharge on 4d. rose.

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Note. — Unless otherwise designated the descriptions apply to Post Cards.
Austria. — We illustrate the new card.

COftfeESPONDENZ-KARTE.

Leeward Islands. — We give an illustration of
the latest postal variety.

Monaco. — A letter card has appeared here bear-
ing the effigy of the illustrious reigning monarch.
15 cents, carmine on grey.

New Zealand. — The accompanying illustration will show the
variations presented by the post card recently issued.
Id., brown on buff.

INLAND

POST

NEW JEALAdO

AND AUSTRALIAN

CARD

I f taortse onij, to o» «"i

292

NOVELTIES, DISCOVERIES, AND RESUSCITATIONS.

Servia.— "We do not seem to have chronicled the new cards
with the green frame on rose.

5 paras, green on rose.
5 + 5 paras, green on rose.

The Carte Postal announces some fresh varieties, "type with
the Greek border, two lines for the address, the Arms in the centre
and frame green, printed on both sides of the card."

1. 5 paras, green on rose, with "fieponse" (in Kussian) on both sides.

2. 5 ,, ,, ,, "Heponse payee" on both sides.

3. 5 ,, ,, ,, " Beponse " on one side, and "Reponse"

payee " on the other.

Also the 5 paras, green, with four lines and carmine Greek
border, having a quadruple impression of the frame.
5 paras, green on rose ; quadruple impression.

Also with the four lines close together, without frame, and
another printed similarly both sides.

5 + 5

5 paras, green on rose, without frame.

printed both sides.

Victoria. — We give illustrations of the cards described by us
last month.

Victorian

^OST O J^^JD

UNIVERSAL POSTAL UNION. »

Tub address only to be written on this side.

(HE ATTACHED CABD IS FOR THE BEPU,

4*7

JT~

-•

.r?

.rzT

IV»

'""V

«T

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

293

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

By M. P. CASTLE.

{Continued from 'page 169.)

S. P.-SUPERINTENDENT OF PRISONS.

Note.— No information hereon. If the lettering stands for this office
stamps would probably have been used.

S. T.— SUPERINTENDENT OF TELEGRAPHS.

Surcharge in
Red.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.

(?)

{d) ROULETTED.

Black.
2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
6d., lilac-blue.

Blue.
2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED 10.

I 2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)

(?)

2d., orange-red. Type
II. (S.A. and Crown.)

(d) Perforated 10.
(?) 2d., orange. Type II. (?)

(S.A. and Crown.)
2d., orange. Type II.
(V. and Crown.)

Query (e.)

Note.— The 2d. seems predominant amongst these, (c) is a very scarce
variety and occurs only here, nor have I ever seen it without surcharge.

Surcharge in
Red.
2d., orange.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

4d., slate-grey.

(?)

T.— TREASURY.

(a) ROULETTED.

Black.
2d., orange. Type II.
2d.

(S.A. and Crown.)
6d., blue.
2s., carmine.

Blue.
Id., green.

2d., orange. Type II.
(S.A. and Crown.)
4d., slate.
6d., lilac-blue.
2s., carmine.

(b) ROULETTED AND PERFORATED 11£.

| Is., brown. | (?)

6d., dark blue.
2s., carmine.

156c

294

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

{d) Perforated 10.
Id., dark green. (?)

2d., ytUow. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)
2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)

2d., orange. Type II.

(V. and Crown.)

(e) Compound Perforation.

4d., slate, 11£x12|. (?)

Is., brown, ll|x 10.
2s., carmine, lHx 10,
ll|xl2|, 11| on 3
sides by 12|.

Note. — The important Department of the Treasury would probably have a
heavy correspondence, the index of which is clearly shown on the stamps. Of
the rouletted stamps (a) there are eleven varieties, the 6d. having all three
colours of the overprint. The Id. and 2d. (Type II.) (a) with red surcharge
have probably also been issued. The 2s. , which is so frequently absent in
other letters, here appears in five varieties, of which (c) is printed in rich
carmine, and (e) in paler shades than ordinary. The 2d. numbers seven
varieties, including the yellow shade that is occasionally encountered among
the unsurcharged stamps. The 4d. rouletted and perforated is a variety
rarely met with, even without the official letters.

Surcharge in
Bed.
(?)

T. B,— (?).

Query (a), (&), and (d.)

4d., slate.
Is., brown.

Blue.
(?)

(e) Compound Perforation.

(?) I 4d., slate, 10 on 3 sides I (?)

I by 1H. |

Note. — This is the converse of the last. The first letter might probably

stand for Telegraphs. It is curious that in contradistinction to the general

rate only higher values should be known, and these not of the early series.

I have a specimen with date June, 1574.

Surcharge in
Red.

2d., oranse.
6d., lilac-blue.
Is., brown.

'?;

Surcharge in
Red.
(?)

V.— VOLUNTEERS.

(a) Rouletted.

Black. Blue.

6d., blue. (?)

Query (b), (c), and (d.)
(e) Perforated 10.
I 2d., orange. Type II. I (?)

(V. and Crown. )

V. A.— VOLUNTEER ARTILLERY.

Query (a), (b), (c), and (e.)

(d) Perforated 10.

Black. Blue.

2d., orange. Type II. (?)

(S.A. and Crown.)

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

295

V. N.— (?) VOLUNTEER NAVY.
Query (a), (6), (<?), and (e.)
Surcharge in (d) Perforated 10.

Bed. Black. Blue.

(?) 2d., orange. Type. II. (?)

(S.A. and Crown.)

Note. — The last three letters seem to have had a sparse use, the military

requirements of the Colony not being of a European nature. As to the

V. N. the Colony could hardly have had an extensive Navy, volunteer or

professional, twenty years since ; so this may be a wrong guess. The three

Departments have, so far, but three values amongst them, and the two

latter the 2d. only. The specimens of V A that I have seen are all without

the stop after the V.

W. -WATERWORKS.

Surcharge in

{a) ROULETTED.

Bed.

Black.

Blue.

(?)

2d., orange. Type II.

(S.A. and Crown.)

Query (b.)

(?)

6d., dark blue.
(d) Perforated 10.

(?)

2d., orange. Type II.

(?)

(S.A. and Crown.)
Query (e.)
Note. — Two values here only, and the " normal" roulettes absent.

0. S.— OFFICIAL SERVICE (1875-6).
Surcharge in (c) Perforated 11|.

Bed. Black.

(?) Id., dark green ; shades.

4d., slate.

6d. , dark blue ; shades.
8d., brown (surcharged

on 9d. die.)
Is. , brown ; shades.
2s., carmine.
{d) Perforated 10.
(?) |d., bluish - green, sur-

charged on Id. of 1871
(S.A. and Crown.)
Id., bluish-green, dark
green, pale green ;
shades. Type of 1871
(S.A. and Crown.)
2d., vermilion, red,
orange, orange - red,
yellow ; shades. Type
II. (S.A. and Crown.)
2d. do. do.

(S.A. and Crown more
spaced.)
4d., slate, lilac.
6d., dark blue.
6d., light blue. Type of
18S7. (S.A.andCrown.)

Blue.
(?)

(?)

296

THE OFFICIAL STAMPS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

(e) Compound Perforation,

(?) Id., dark green; shades, (?)

llixlO, ll|xl2£.
Id., bluish-green, green ;

shades. Type II. (S.A.

and Crown). 11 \ x 10.
2d., orange-red, vermil-
ion ; shades. Type II.

(S.A. and Crbwn),

lOxlli, 11^x13.
3d., bright blue (on 4d.

die, black surcharge),

ll£xl2£.
4d. , slate, violet ; shades,

10x111, 10xl2|,

H|xl2J.
6d., pale blue, ultra-
marine, blue, dark

blue ; shades, 10 x ll|,

10x12*, HJxl2|,

10 x 11| x 13.
9d. , reddish - violet,

Hixl2|.
Is. , brown, red-brown ;

shades, lljxl2|,

10xll|, 10x12*.
2s., carmine, pale to dark.

10x121 HJxl2J,

10x111.

VARIETIES.

Inverted Surcharges. (Various perforations.)

Id., bluish-green. Type II. (S.A. and Crown.)
2d., orange-red ,, ,,

4d., slate

6d., dark blue ,, ,,

Is., brown .,

carmine , ,

Double Surcharges.

green. Type II. (S.A. and Crown.)

orange-red ,, ,,

carmine.

With the second stop omitted.
2d., orange-red. Type II. (S.A. and Crown.)
4d. slate.

9d.' red-violet (11| x 12|).
2s., carmine.

With the Surcharge closer and without stops.
4d., slate.

Xote. — The varieties (a) and (b) with roulettes are unknown. I have
adhered to the system of arrangement by perforations as on the separate
Departmentals, as it is convenient for purposes of reference, and does not
apparently involve any serious anachronism. This surcharge having been in
use since 1S74. it follows that there is a considerable number of varieties,
the principal of which I have given in the preceding lists.

There are, however, many minor differences which collectors who go closely
into matters may care to search for, and I will briefly mention a few in the
order of value. The Jd. — the fifth stamp from the right hand of the sheet

2s.,

Id.
2d.

2s..

VARIA. 297

in each alternate row— has the p. of the surcharged word "penny" plainly-
lower than the other letters ; some of the periods of 0. S. (and this may be
taken to apply to nearly all the remaining values) are three times the size of
others. The Id. appears first on the old type, most of the dates of postmarks
I have seen being early in 1875, while three varieties of perforation of it
are recorded. Of the second type (of 1871) and the 2d. the compound per-
forations are difficult to find ; the surcharge can be noted varying much in
intensity as also in its position on the stamp, and is occasionally incomplete
owing to faulty impressions. The 2d. is found with portions of three and
five surcharges, with an 0 to right and an S to left, and with the 0. S placed
vertically reading downwards. The 4d. 6d. and Is. are to be met with
double perforations in various gauges. In addition, those who care to collect
varieties ad infinitum will find that, perhaps arising from heavy printing,
sets can be made in which the letters gauge 5| mm. in height, as against the
usual 5 mm., and also with long stops ; besides which there are numerous
varieties of the overprint which may be classified as defective impressions.

1891.
New Surcharge with thin upright fancy capitals, 6 mm. high by 7 wide.
[Illust.)

^d., brown, current type (S.A. and Crown) ; perforated 10.
Id., green

2d., orange (Type II.) ,, ,,

2|d., red on green, current type ,, ,,

4d., violet, current type ,, ,,

6d., blue

ADDENDA.

A. G. — Attorney-General.

(b) Rouletted and perf. 11 J. Is., brown. Black surcharge.

A. 0. — Audit Office.
(d) Perforated 10. 2d., orange. Type II. (V and Crown). Black surcharge.

B. G. — Botanical Gardens.

(d) Perforated 10. 2d., orange. Type II. (Y and Crown). Black surcharge.
(d) „ Is., brown. „

C. Sgn. — Colonial Surgeon.

(d) Perforated 10. 4d., slate. (Error of perforation twice vertically).
Black surcharge.

There is no doubt that this list will be considerably added to as time
progresses ; and I hope to be in a position to give further information
shortly to the London Philatelic Society, and at the same time to try and
educe some system from the examination of the foregoing lists. I have to
acknowledge with thanks the valued co-operation of several collectors, and
trust that, however imperfect, some little addition has, by our united efforts,
been made to our knowledge of these official stamps.

'Farta.

The clouds that have lately obscured the horizon of Philately in
the Dominion are now shewing their silver lining. After a period of
disintegration, into the causes of which there is no necessity to enquire,
a new body has arisen, in veritable phoenix style, entitled " The Phila-
telic Society of Canada," wThich already numbers, we are informed in
the Canadian Philatelist, no less than 155 members, with branches in all
the principal cities of the Dominion. Mr. J. R. Hooper, of Ottawa,
whose name is well knowrn on this side of the Atlantic, is the President,

298 VARIA.

and Mr. L. M. Staebler, of London (Ontario), the Secretary. "We have
much pleasure in noting this flourishing aspect of Stamp Collecting
in the Dominion, and hope that, as the President modestly expresses
himself in his address, that in Philatelic work, as in numbers, "the
Canadian Society will leave all others in the wake."

* * *

At a recent convention, attended by twenty-four delegates of the
Philatelic Societies of Switzerland, it was agreed to establish an Experts'
Committee, for the better detection of the forgeries that, alas ! abound of
the very interesting Cantonal stamps. Messrs. A. de Eeaterskiold, of
Lusanne, and Lipswerder, of Berne, have been elected to the post of
honour, and in congratulating these gentlemen upon their appointment,
we may express confidence that the Swiss collectors have not only taken
a wise step, but have entrusted its fulfilment to most efficient judges.

* * *

The following letter has been sent to the Exchange and Mart, and
is so exquisite in its audacity that we reproduce it, with the warning to
all concerned that the forged surcharges are more likely to be found on
the stamps water-marked C C than those with C A. Caveat emptor.

BERMUDAS STAMPS — A DANGEROUS FORGERY.

Sir, — Will you allow me to warn philatelists and dealers against a most
dangerous forgery, which has been in the London market for some years, and
defies detection from the greatest experts ? The stamp in question is the
Bermuda penny rose, watermark CC and crown, surcharged threepence
slanting across the stamp, issued in 1873. Last year I wrote to a certain
firm of large dealers, who immediately sent me one on approval for 30s. On
examining the stamp I was surprised to see that the surcharge was printed
on the penny rose, but watermarked CA and crown, a stamp that was not
issued till 1884, this being conclusive proof that it is impossible for it to be
a genuine surcharge. I sent the stamp back at once, and the explanation
was that it was sent out in mistake.

May I advise all collectors and dealers to examine these stamps, to see if
they have the right watermark on ? If not, they may be sure that the
surcharge is false. Should there be any doubt on the subject, and the
stamps are sent to me, I shall be pleased to give my opinion. For years
past I have made the stamps of Bermuda my special study.
Sydney View Villa, 46, Oval Road, London, S.W. A. BENJAMIN.

* * *

At the Marlborough Street Police court on December 8th, Bernhardt
Assmus, 36, describing himself as a journalist, of Church Street, Islington,
was charged on remand with having obtained the sum of £4 from Morris
Giwelb, a stamp dealer, of Leicester Square, by means of false pretences.
It was alleged that about fifteen months ago Assmus offered for sale to Mr.
Edward Buhl, a stamp dealer, a black penny stamp, having on two of its
corners the letters " V " and " R." Mr. Buhl detected it was a forgery, and
told Assmus so, pointing out to him that two Maltese crosses had been
erased, and the letters substituted for them. In August, 1890, the prisoner
showed Mr. Giwelb the same or a similar stamp, and succeeded in selling it
to him for £4. Mr. Giwelb did not notice the alleged alteration at the time,
and the prisoner left with the money. It was also asserted that in June,
1890, a gentleman named Dannenberg happened to call at an office in
Fenchurch Street, and there he saw Assmus. The prisoner made a motion
as though he wished to conceal something which he had been showing to
another man ; but finding that Mr. Dannenberg could be depended on, he
produced a black penny " V.R." stamp, and telling him that it was a forgery,
asked if he did not think it was well done. He offered to sell Dannenberg
similar stamps for £3 a dozen, genuine stamps of the kind being worth, it

VARIA. 299

was said, about £8 each. Subsequently Assmus was arrested on a warrant
at Copthall Avenue, London Wall, and then he said that he did not intend
to defraud Mr. Giwelb, and offered to refund the money. A wallet containing
foreign stamps and two dies were found in his possession. One of the dies
was cut with the figure " 10," and the other with the words " 1 franc— poste
— 1 franc." Detective-sergeant Penson said that he had examined 900
stamps, which were afterwards found on the accused, amongst them being
one similar to that sold to the prosecutor. At the prisoner's lodgings the
witness discovered about 4000 other stamps, amongst them being four others
like the one he had disposed of. Dies and stamps, with files and paints,
were also found there. One of the dies was for printing foreign stamps.
The prosecutor, recalled, said that Assmus told him that he had procured
the stamp from an old gentleman who had had it for several years in his
collection, and he had only parted with it under great pressure. Assmus
agreed to take it back and return the money if it was found to be an
imitation stamp. The substitution of the letters "V.R." for the Maltese
crosses would raise the value of the stamp from Id. or 2d. to £6 or £1.
He did not know that stamps were manufactured and sold as stamps. He
had purchased forged stamps in collections, but always put them aside when
he had detected their character. Ernest Douet, a gentleman who is
employed in the stamp department, Somerset House, said that he had
examined the stamps in the possession of the police. There could be no
doubt that the one forming the basis of the charge had had Maltese crosses
in the corners where there now were "V.R." The stamps bearing "V.R."
were designed in the year 1840, to be used in the place of the privilege of
franking .letters, but were never issued. The other black stamps shown him
by the police were of a similar nature to that which he had described.
Mr. Hannay committed the prisoner for trial, offering to accept bail in two
sureties of £25 each.

With reference to the case against an employe of Messrs. Cook and
Sons, the tourist agents, briefly alluded to in our last number — after
having been remanded — the case came on again on the 7th inst., and
George Henry Humphries, described as the manager of the Exchange
Department at Messrs. Cook and Son's tourist agency, of Gracechurch-
street, and James Frederick Clarke, a stevedore's labourer, of Chantler
Road, Custom House, Victoria Docks, were charged before Sir John
Bridge, at Bow Street Police Court, with being concerned in feloniously
receiving a number of two-anna stamps, knowing them to have been
stolen. Evidence in support of the charges having been given, Sir
John Bridge committed them for trial. There have been so many of
" Philatelic police cases " lately that some of our contemporaries have
assumed rather the aspect of a " Police News " ; hence we have thought
it better to summarise the criminal department. Some portion of the
evidence in the above case has a distinct bearing upon Philately, e.g. :

"Miss G. C. Boughton, examiner of stamps at Messrs. De la Rue, said
that on June 8 she put up two lots of Indian Postage stamps, one of four
reams, and the other of three reams and 300 sheets. They were checked by
the Government supervisor, and then sealed up in the case produced.

" Mr. C. R. Gay, assistant supervisor of stamps, said that after the stamps
were checked they were placed in the case produced, fastened up, and sealed.
These stamps were never ' published ' in England, but despatched direct to
India. Any number accidentally made over were destroyed. The difference
between one year's issue and another could be checked by certain marks on
the sheet.

" Mr. T. A. Colls, of the Comptroller of Stamps' Department, Somerset
House, said that there had only been one consignment of two-anna stamps
' created ' and despatched to India this year."

300 PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON.

PHILATELIC SOCIETY OF LONDON,

Honorary President — H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., &c.

COMMITTEE FOR THE YEAR 1891-92.

President — P. A. Philbrick, Q.C.

Vice-President — M. P. Castle.

Secretary — D. Garth. Assistant-Secretary — J. A. Tilleard.

Treasurer and Librarian — C. N. Biggs.

E. D. Bacon. Major Evans.

A. W. Chambers. T. Maycook.

The third meeting of the season 1891-92 was held at the Salisbury Hotel,
Fleet Street, on Friday, the 6th November, 1891, at 7.30 p.m., and was
attended by sixteen members (including the Vice-President in the chair),
and two visitors. After the minutes of the last meeting had been read and
confirmed, the Secretary read a letter from Mr. Phillips (Stanley Gibbons,
Limited), submitting certain varieties of the early issues of Victoria not
chronicled in the Stamps of Oceania, which were noted for consideration in
the next edition of the work. Mr. Phillips also sent for inspection certain
fraudulent surcharges on the recent Ceylon postcards, which were also noted,
and the Secretary was directed to acknowledge Mr. Phillips' letter with the
thanks of the Society. The following additions were reported to have been
made to the Society's library, viz. : The Philatelic Catalogue, recently
compiled and presented by Major Evans, and the Handbuch der Schweizer
Post-werth Zeichen, presented by Herr Otto Pfenninger, which were directed
to be acknowledged with the thanks of the Society. Mr. T. Maycock was
elected a member of the Committee in the place of Dr. Viner, who had
recently resigned. Mr. Nankivell moved, " That it is desirable that the
Society should have a monthly journal of its own as a regular medium of
communication between its town and country members, and for the advance-
ment of Philately, and that a committee be appointed to consider and report
upon the subject." The motion was seconded by Mr. Pearce, and after
some discussion was carried unanimously, and on the motion of the Secretary,
seconded by Mr. Gibbons, Messrs. Nankivell, Pearse, and Bacon were
appointed a sub-committee for the purposes of the resolution, with power to
add to their number, and to report to the next meeting of the Society. The
further revision of the Reference List of the Stamps of Ceylon, which was
on the agenda for the evening, was postponed, owing to the time occupied
by the foregoing business.

The fourth meeting of the season was held at the Salisbury Hotel on Friday,
the 20th November, at 7.30 p.m., twelve members and two visitors being
present. The chair was taken by the Vice-President, and the minutes of
the previous meeting were read and duly confirmed. Herr Adolph Passer,
proposed by Dr. KalckhofF, and seconded by the Vice-President ; and
Mr. E. H. Watts, proposed by Mr. Nicholls, and seconded by Mr. Scott,
were duly elected members of the Society. The arrangements for the
annual dinner of the Society were discussed, and Major Evans and Mr. A.
W. Chambers were appointed a sub-committee to carry out the arrangements.
The sub-committee appointed at the last meeting brought up a report on the
subject of the proposed new journal of the Society. After some discussion
it was resolved, on the motion of Major Evans, seconded by Mr. Tilly, that
the report be adopted, an amendment to the effect that the consideration of
the report should be deferred until the next meeting having previously been
submitted and lost. Owing to the late hour no other business was taken.

BRIGHTON AND SUSSEX PHILATELIC SOCIETY. 301

BRIGHTON AND SUSSEX PHILATELIC SOCIETY.

Honorary President — Baron de Worms.

COMMITTEE FOR THE YEAR 1891-92.

President— -M. P. Castle.

Vice-President— J '. H. Redman.

Hon. Secretary and Treasurer — W. T. Willett.

A. de Worms. J. W. Gillispie.

H. Stafford Smith. J. H. Escolme.

The first meeting of the season was held at MarkwelFs Hotel, Brighton, on
November 30th, at 7.45 p.m. Eight members were present, the President
in the chair, and two visitors. The minutes of the previous meeting having
been read and confirmed, the Secretary read a letter from Mr. H. Clark
asking if the hour of meeting could be made earlier. It was decided that it
would be inconvenient to the majority of members to alter the time of
meeting. A letter was read from Stanley Gibbons, Limited, presenting a
parcel of books to the Society's library. On the motion of the Vice-
President, seconded by the Secretary, a cordial vote of thanks was given
to that firm for their liberal gift. The President made a few remarks,
pointing out' the importance of having a library of reference, asking if
any members had books by them, and saying that probably some of the
dealers might feel disposed to follow this excellent example. Mr. J. W.
Gillespie moved, " That it is very desirable to form a library, and that the
Secretary be empowered to take steps for that object, and for the present
to take charge of such books as may be acquired by the Society." This
was seconded by Mr. E. J. W. Sang, and carried unanimously.

The President then delivered a short inaugural address, in which he
touched upon the history of the postal system since its introduction in this
country, its founders, and its benefit to the community, and traced the rise
and progress of Philately from its commencement, over thirty years since, to
its present day development, a warm tribute being paid to the pioneers of
the movement, Dr. Legrand, M. Moens, Sir D. Cooper, Mr. Philbrick, and
the late Mr. E. L. Pemberton. Mr. Castle also gave a resume of the history
of the London Philatelic Society, alluding to the most prominent members,
and especially to the late Vice-President, and adding an account of his own
connection with philately from the earliest days. The very marked develop-
ment of the science, as instanced by royal patronage, by exhibitions, by the
advance in journalism and literature, was also dwelt upon, and especial strain
was laid upon the formation of the numerous Philatelic Societies that are
now existing in all quarters of the globe, this country having hitherto been
somewhat behind hand in that respect till quite recent years. The President,
in expressing a strong hope for the future of the Brighton Philatelic Society,
dwelt upon the aims and objects of the pursuit, the many advantages to be
gained by mutual assistance, and alluded to the future range of work to be
undertaken by it, his opinion being that the study and collection of a
country's stamps at the hands of a number of the members would be
necessary during several months before commencing to build up any
reference list. He suggested, meanwhile, the reading of papers, discussions,
and other methods of advancing their mutual knowledge, until such time as
the society could undertake a more important work. In congratulating
members present upon the auspicious commencement, he looked forward to
the foundation of a most successful society, and expressed his thanks to
them for the courteous attention paid to his remarks. The Baron de Worms
was unanimously elected Hon. President of the Society. A discussion then
ensued as to arrangements for exchange of duplicates.

302 CORRESPONDENCE.

The second meeting of the season was held at Markwell's Hotel, Brighton,
on December 14th, at 7.45 p.m., seven members being present, with the
President in the chair. After the minutes of the previous meeting were
read and confirmed, the Secretary read a letter from the Baron de Worms
accepting the post of Hon. President of the Society, and wishing it every
success. The Secretary announced the receipt of four volumes of the
Philatelist, a present to the Society's library, from Mr. H. Stafford Smith.
On the motion of the President, seconded by the Vice-President, a cordial
vote of thanks was accorded Mr. H. Stafford Smith for his liberal gift. A
letter was read from Mr. J. H. Escolme asking whether it was proposed to
arrange for the exchange of duplicates between members, and for the
purchase of new issues. It was decided to make arrangements as soon as
the Society numbered a few more members. The following gentlemen were
elected members of the Society:

Mr. A. H. Thomas, proposed by Mr. J. W. Gillespie, seconded by Rev. E.
H. Rogers.

Mr. J. H. Woodman, proposed by the Secretary, seconded by Mr. Henry
Griffith.

Mr. R. J. Thrupp, proposed by the Secretary, seconded by the Vice-
President.

Mr. H. W. Armitage, proposed by the President, seconded by the
Secretary.

The future work of the Society was considered, and it was decided at the
next meeting to discuss "areas of collecting." Mr. Gillespie showed some
interesting forgeries of the stamps of Uruguay, which had passed through
the post. The Secretary showed a 4d. South Australia, issue 1867-71,
chemically changed to the colour of the 2s.

THE SOUTH AUSTRALIAN STAMPS.

To the Editor of " The Philatelic Reiprd."

Dear Sir, — I see that Mr. Thornhill mentions in your last issue that he

has a 2d., orange-red, South Australia, issue 1859, printed on both sides.

I have a similar stamp of the first issue of the 2d, lake, imperforate (1855).

It is clearly printed on both sides.

SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

2d., carmine (1855), imperf. ; printed on both sides.
I send you a few other notes about South Australian stamps :

(1) Change of Departmental Letters from Special Letters to Generic O.S.
— Mr. Castle's earliest date for O.S. is March, 1875 (on Id., type I.). I have
the same stamp with O.S. surcharge clearly dated "Nov. 20. 1874." I
should be inclined to place the change to the generic O.S. in October, 1874,
rather than January, 1875.

(2) The surcharged 1\d. — I have not seen the varieties of perforation
yet noticed in any magazines. The sheets first issued were in pale green,

{>rinted on the paper used for the 4d., bearing at the upper and lower
eft-hand corners the imprint 4d., followed by the number of the sheet in
orange. In the perforation of this sheet both the new (10) and the old (11£)
machines were used. The three right-hand vertical rows in the sheet are
11 4, and also the two bottom horizontal rows. This gives the following
varieties of perforation :

2£d., light green.

(1) Perf. 10 all four sides.

(2) Perf. Hi „ „

(3) Perf. \\\ right-hand side, 10 the three other sides.

(4) Perf. ll| vertically, 10 horizontally.

(5) Perf. \\\ horizontally, 10 vertically.

(6) Perf. 10 left-hand side, 11^ the three other sides.

CORRESPONDENCE. 303

Quite recently the stamp has been printed in a much darker green, on the
paper employed for the £d., bearing the imprint £d. in blue, followed by the
number of the sheet ; and the sheets have the normal perforation of 10
throughout. 2id., dark green ; peri 10.

(3) The \d. — This stamp, since about a month ago, has been printed in a
much darker shade of brown, and the sheets have received a compound
perforation — 10 horizontally throughout, and vertically alternate rows of 10
and 11£. This gives the following varieties :

£d. , dark brown.

(1) Peri 11£ on left-hand side, 10 the other three sides.

(2) Peri 11£ on right-hand side, 10 the other three sides.

The perforation of the previous light brown §d. was 11^ all round.

(4) The \d., green, small size, present type.— This stamp is in the nature
of a proof. With the plate Messrs. De La Rue sent out (according to
their custom) one or two proof sheets. These were printed in a shade of
light green and gummed, but not perforated. There seems to have been an
intention, at any rate, to issue the stamp in green ; for Mr. A. F. Basset
Hull told me he had seen a circular addressed to the Secretary to the Post
Office, Hobart, containing two. of the green stamps, with the intimation that
they were "specimens of the ^d. stamp recently issued," which would
certainly be misleading if it was not intended that the colour should be
green. The stamp therefore may be placed in the class of the Id. V.R.
English "stamps intended for issue, but never issued."

(5) The 2d., orange (2nd type), surcharged " 3 Pence 3." — A surcharge
raising the value must always be suspicious, and this stamp is no exception ;
indeed, the evidence seems almost entirely against it. A short time ago I
received a specimen from an old collector here (Mr. H. Barrett), with the
information that the surcharge has been occasionally employed by country
postmasters during a temporary lack of the 3d. vaiue — the postmaster of
Strathalbyn (whose office is next to a printing office) was mentioned as one.
I wrote to him for information, and my letter was forwarded to the head of
the department. After seeing the specimen (which bears the postmark of
" June 13. 76 "), Mr. Todd replied as follows : " The surcharge printed on
the stamp was not done by this department, and it is only presumed that it
is the work of some unscrupulous stamp vendor. Had any such stamp been
used it would not have been accepted, and the letter on which it was placed
would have been treated as unpaid. Such a circumstance would have led to
immediate complaint." I remain, yours faithfully,

(Rev.) P. E. Ratnor,

October 2hth, 1891. President S.A. Philatelical Society.

THE LATE MR. PATRICK CHALMERS.

Sir, — The list of pamphlets on the Chalmers versus Hill controversy,
written and circulated by the late Mr. Patrick Chalmers, given by Mr.
Anderson in your issue of last month, is wonderfully complete. I am, how-
ever, enabled to add about another dozen of these publications to Mr.
Anderson's list, all of which I have copies of. Even yet I question very
much if the list is complete, and as it would be desirable to have a complete
list, I hope your readers will come forward with the names of any others not
given by Mr. Anderson or myself. The first pamphlet of Mr. Anderson's
list, under 1890, contains 71 pages.

1886.

Decision of the Encyclopaedia Britannica ; also Papers on the Penny
Postage Reform. 64 pages. 6d.

1887.
The Adhesive Postage Stamp. 6 pages.

304 CORRESPONDENCE.

1888.
Extract from the Illustrirtes Briefmarken Journal, Leipsic. 10 pages.
The Adhesive Postage Stamp in America, France, and Germany. Second

Edition, with Letter to the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor. 31 pages.
Extract from the Postwertzeichen, Munich. 8 pages.
Letter to George Henderson, Esq., ex-President of the Quaker City

Philatelic Society, Philadelphia. 19 pages.

1889.
Mr. John Francis, of the Athenceum, on the Plan of Sir Rowland Hill.

47 pages. 6d.
The Adhesive Postage Stamp and Proposed Penny Postage Jubilee. Press
Notices of Preceding Pamphlet. 20 pages.
1890.
Robert Wallace, m. p. , and James Chalmers, the Scottish Postal Reformers.
Dedicated to me and other promoters of the Dundee Jubilee Exhibi-
tion of Postage Stamps. 75 pages. 6d.
1891.
Petition to the Lords of H.M. Treasury for restoration of Official

Correspondence removed by Sir Rowland Hill. 31 pages.
Do. do. do. with Postscript, pp. 32-35.

It may be as well to give a list of the literature on the other side of the
question, in addition to that incidentally noticed by Mr. Anderson.

MR. PEARSON HILL'S PAMPHLETS.

1888.
The Chalmers Craze Investigated. (Second Edition.) 33 pages. 3d.
With Memorandum of Correspondence annexed. 8 pages.
1889.
Supplement to Preceding Pamphlet (16 pages), with Memorandum of
Correspondence (4 pages), and reprint from The Philatelic Record,
February, 1883 (3 pages annexed).
1890.
The Post-office of Fifty years ago (48 pages), having annexed reprint of
Sir Rowland Hill's Famous Pamphlet, dated 22nd February, 1S37,
proposing Penny Postage. 104 pages. Is.

While on the Chalmers-Hill subject I should like to add a word or two in
reply to the letter of "A Stamp Collector" in your journal for last month,
from the bitter tone of which I conclude it is written, or at least inspired,
by no less a personage than Mr. Pearson Hill himself.

How can Mr. Hill state, as he does in his pamphlets, that the " whole
question was thoroughly investigated by the Philatelic Society ... on every
point," when the evidence on which Mr. Chalmers rested his claim was not
before them? For this, and other reasons, I consider the so-called
" decision " of the Society, given so long ago as 28th October, 1882, as of
little account, and prefer to pin my faith to the real decision of the En-
cyclopaedia Britannica, given in 1886, after a full investigation of the facts.
No doubt Mr. Hill has two great authorities in the persons of Messrs. Phil-
brick and Westoby on his side, but there are equally great authorities on the
winning side, such as Dr. Moschkan and Mr. Tiffany, and, over and above
all, there is a large majority of Philatelists, throughout the civilised world,
who all unite in testifying that James Chalmers, the Dundee bookseller, was
the inventor of the Adhesive Stamp. Yours truly.

Dundee, December Uth, 1891. T. MARTIN WEARS.

[We have pleasure in inserting our correspondent's letter, but we regret
that he has added the latter portion, from which we entirely dissent, and
should not have included but for the appearance of the letter to which Mr.
Wears makes allusion. — Ed.]

INDEX

Adhesive Postage Stamp, The, 116
American Philatelic Association Con-
vention, 219
Bacon, E. D., 281
Birmingham Exhibition, 18
Brighton & Sussex Philatelic Society,

270, 301
British Adhesive Stamps, 90
Chalmers-Hill Controversy, The, 64,

89, 116, 144, 190
Collection of the late T. K. Tapling,

m.p., 93
Conveyance of Single Post Letters by

Eailway, 39
Correspondence, 19, 64, 89, 115, 144,

164, 192, 248, 277, 302
Dinner to Mr. A. H. "Wilson, 41
Flood of Forgeries, The, 145
H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, 1

History of the French Postage Stamps,

273
Jubilee Postal Celebration Report,

215
Late Mr. Patrick Chalmers, 279
Late Mr. T. K. Tapling, m.p., 69
Laureated Remainders of New South

Wales, 193, 213
London Philatelic Society, 20, 42,

112, 140, 161, 274, 277

List of Members, 160

Military Telegraphs, 83

M. Moen's New Catalogue, 250, 272

New Dutch Stamps, 248

New Issues of the Last Three Years,

46
New Philatelic Societies, 251
New Price Catalogue, 191

^otolites, Btscoberies, anfcr Ifasuscttattons.

ADEESIVES.

Afghanistan, 47, 195

Angola, 252

Antigua, 220

Antioquia, 220

Argentine Republic, 5, 22, 47, 71,

97, 121, 169, 195, 284
Austria, 22, 48, 71, 121, 148, 169
Austrian Italy, 170
Austrian Levant, 224, 252, 286
Bahamas, 22

Bamra, 22, 97, 122, 195, 284
Bavaria, 48
Belgium, 71, 123, 148
Bermuda, 252
Bhopal, 22, 123, 253
Bolivar, 170. 196, 220
Bolivia, 5, 23, 48, 72, 170
Brazil, 48, 149, 170, 196
British Bechuanaland, 5, 98
British Central Africa, 220, 253
British East Africa, 48, 72, 170, 220
British Guiana, 5, 23, 253

British Honduras, 42, 72, 98, 123,

149, 170, 220, 285
British South Africa, 23, 48, 72, 98,

123, 285
Canada, 149

Cape of Good Hope, 123, 149
Cashmere, 23
Ceylon, 24, 98, 150
Chamba, 24, 220
Chili, 171, 196

Colombia, 6, 24, 220, 254, 285
Congo, 48, 124, 196, 254, 285
Curasao, 220, 254
Deccan, 150
Diego Suarez, 254, 285
Dominican Republic, 124, 151
Falkland Islands, 98, 197, 220, 255
Fiji Islands, 24, 48, 98, 220, 255
Finland, 24, 98, 125
French Colonies, 124, 220
French Congo, 126
I French Levant, 127

306

INDEX.

Gaboon, 24

Germany, 6, 24

Gold Coast, 6, 48

Great Britain, 7

Greece, 72, 99, 150

Grenada, 7, 25, 73

Guadaloupe, 25, 99, 255, 285

Gwalior, 171

Hawaii, 171

Hayti, 7, 25, 48, 150

Holland, 73, 220, 256

Honduras, 171, 197, 286

Hong Kong, 25, 49, 99, 126, 150

Hungary, 224

Hyderabad, 150

India, 49, 150

Italy, 7, 49, 73,99, 127, 171, 198, 286

Jamaica, 73, 99, 198

Jeypore, 198

Jbind, 224

Johor, 26, 127, 171

Labuan, 100, 198, 224

Lagos, 26, 171

Leeward Islands, 7

Luxemburg, 73, 172, 286

Madagascar, 127, 198, 225

Martinique, 26, 49, 100, 127, 151,

172, 199
Mauritius, 71, 225, 256, 286
Mexico, 49, 150, 173, 225, 287
Monaco, 73, 100, 127, 151, 173
Natal, 26, 100, 128, 151, 173
Negri Sembilan, 199
Newfoundland, 7
New Republic, 7
New South Wales, 8, 26, 50, 74, 100,

173 199 256
New Zealand, 27, 50, 100, 130, 199,

225, 287
Nicaragua, 27, 52
North Borneo, 52
Norway, 251

Nossi-Be, 8, 27, 74, 225, 256, 288
Orange Free State, 8, 28, 52, 74
Pahang, 120, 157, 174,288
Paraguay, 8, 28, 130, 152

Parma, 152, 174, 256

Perak, 100, 174, 288

Persia, 130, 175, 289

Peru, 8, 101

Philippine Islands, 28, 153, 175, 199

Porto Rico, 289

Portugal, 28

Puttiala, 28, 226, 257

Queensland, 8, 28, 52, 74, 131

Reunion, 200, 226, 257

Roumania, 9, 131, 257

Russia, 28, 153

Russian Locals, 175, 200, 227, 289

St. Christopher, 9, 29, 200

St. Lucia, 179

St. Pierre and Miquelon, 131, 154

Salvador, 29, 52, 101, 179, 290

San Marino, 101

Sarawak, 101, 179, 200

Selangor, 153, 179, 290

Servia, 179, 227

Siam, 9, 101, 132

Sierra Leone, 153, 180

Sirmoor, 53

Soruth, 74, 101

South Australia, 29, 53, 75, 101,

153, 180, 202, 227
Spain, 200

Straits Settlements, 290
Sungei Ujong, 290
Surinam, 132, 181, 202, 228
Sweden, 54, 75, 154, 181, 228, 257, 290
Switzerland, 54, 75, 201
Tangiers, 10, 54

Tasmania, 29, 54, 102, 154, 202, 228
Terra del Fuego, 102
Tobago, 228
Transvaal, 54
Turkey, 155, 228, 258
U.S.A., 54, 203
Uruguay, 54, 102, 228, 290
Venezuela, 155, 258
Victoria, 10, 29, 75, 102, 181, 228
Virgin Islands, 11
Western Australia, 132
Zululand, 155, 204, 228

ENVELOPES AND WRAPPERS.

Argentine Republic, 12, 102, 181, 205

Austria, 12

Bahamas, 205

Bamra, 132, 182

Barbados, 155

Brazil, 75

British East Africa, 75

British South Africa, 290

British Guiana, 155

Columbia, 155, 205

Deccan, 205

Dominican Republic, 29, 156, 205

Ecuador, 75, 132
Finland, 132, 182
Germany, 12
Gold Coast, 156
Great Britain, 230
Greece, 205
Gwalior, 103, 230
Hawaii, 182
Holland, 258
Honduras, 182, 206
Hyderabad, 205
India, 13

INDEX.

307

Leeward Islands, 13, 156,206, 258,291

Liberia, 133

Mauritius, 12, 30, 55, 76, 133, 206

Mexico, 13, 55, 76

Monaco, 103, 133, 156

New South Wales, 76, 206

New Zealand, 291

Nicaragua, 55

Peru, 13

Puttiala, 30
Russia, 182, 230
Salvador, 55, 76
Straits Settlements, 77, 103
Sweden, 13, 133, 230
Tasmania, 30, 55, 207
United States, 13, 55, 207
Victoria, 77, 182, 230
Wurtemburg, 30

POST AND LETTER CARDS.

Argentine Republic, 57, 207

Austria, 13, 30, 57, 77, 182, 230, 291

Bolivia, 183

Brazil, 30, 77, 103, 230

British Honduras, 30, 103

Ceylon, 57

Cuba, 57

Deccan, 31, 57, 157

Denmark, 14, 31, 258

Ecuador, 103

Egypt, 14

Finland, 133, 183

France, 14, 103

Great Britain, 14

Greece, 135, 183

Hayti, 31

Heligoland, 32

Holland, 258

Honduras, 207

Hyderabad, 31, 57, 157

India, 135, 230

Italy, 58, 77

Jamaica, 14, 135

Leeward Islands, 32, 58, 291

Liberia, 135, 157

Mexico, 58, 77, 157

Monaco, 135, 291

Nabha, 208

Natal, 103

Newfoundland, 14

New South Wales, 32, 103

New Zealand, 103, 259, 291

Nicaragua, 59

Norway, 58, 157

Orange Free State, 208

Paraguay, 259

Perak, 59, 135, 259

Puttiala, 208

Roumania, 14, 78, 135, 183

Russia, 78, 230

Salvador, 59

Servia, 59, 292

Spain, 59

Sweden, 135, 209

Tasmania, 59, 209

Venezuela, 14

Victoria, 259, 292

Official Stamps of South Australia,

158, 184, 209, 231, 260, 293
Old Friends and New, 2
Penny Postage Jubilee, 242
Philatelic Gains of 1890—

Afg-Bho, 15-17

Bra-Gre, 32-38

Gre-New, 60-62

New- Spa, 78-82

Str-Wur, 104-106

Philatelic Society of London, 20, 42,

112, 140, 161, 274, 277, 300

List of Members, 160

Work on West Indian Stamps,

217, 240

Philatelic Protection Association, 107,

164, 247, 269
Philatelic Publications, 18
Postage Stamps of West Indies, 217,
240

Private Adhesive Stamps of the Elec-
tric Telegraph Co., Great Britain,
136
Property in Postage Stamps, 142
Recent Discovery of Chiapas Stamps,

21
Reduction of Colonial PostageRates,21
Retrospect of the Past Season, 117
Reviews, 109, 190, 215, 240, 272
Schleswig-Holstein Post, 110
Seasonable Philatelic Greeting, A, 283
Stamps of Spain, 109
Stamps of Tasmania, 115
Tapling Collection, The, 165
Uniform Imperial Postage, 111, 138
Varia, 4, 42, 63, 89, 114, 141, 162,

186, 213, 244, 275, 297
Vienna Postal Congress, 165
Word on the Swiss Cantonal Stamps,
A, 243

Theodor Bunl & Co., 11, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.

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